Potassium/sodium chloride/topiramate

2022 ◽  
Vol 1888 (1) ◽  
pp. 300-300
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Sodium

scholarly journals Evaluating the influence of Citrullus lanatus seed extracts on electrolytes, urea and creatinine in Streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Group 1

The focus of current research study was to evaluate the influence of the seed extract of Citrullus lanatus on urea, creatinine, potassium, sodium, chloride and bicarbonate in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Eighteen male wistar albino rats were divided into six groups of three rats each, diabetes were induced in all the rats except group 1 by intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg b.wt. of streptozotocin. Group 1 rats served as control and received standard feed and water daily; Group 2 rats received oral Glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg bw); Group 3,4, and 5 received 200 mg/kg bw, 400 mg/kg bw and 600 mg/kg b.wt. of the ethanolic extract of Citrullus lanatus seed respectively; and group 6 served as diabetic group. Blood samples were collected and analysed for urea, creatinine, potassium, sodium, chloride and bicarbonate using urease-Berthelot colorimetric method, Jaffe’s colorimetric method and Ion selective electrode (ISE) method respectively. There was a significant decrease in (p<0.05) glucose concentration (mmol/L) of 3.90 in control compared to 8.07, 8.73, 14.67, 11.43 and 9.80 in albino rats treated with glibenclamide, STZ+CLS 200 mg, STZ+CLS 400 mg, STZ+CLS 600 mg and diabetic control respectively. In potassium concentration (meq/l) 6.51 in control compared with 4.97, 7.59, 7.28, 8.45 and 6.87 in albino rats treated with glibenclamide, STZ+CLS200 mg, STZ+CLS 400 mg, STZ+CLS 600 mg and diabetic control respectively. While in sodium concentration (meq/l) of 1.42 in control compared to 1.33, 1.30, 1.36, 1.42 and 1.36 in albino rats treated with glibenclamide, STZ+CLS 200 mg, STZ+CLS 400 mg, STZ+CLS 600 mg and diabetic control respectively. However, in chloride concentration (meq/l) of 1.06 in control compared to 99.10, 97.87, 1.04, 88.00, 1.04, 88.00 and 1.04 in albino rats treated with glibenclamide, STZ+CLS 200 mg, STZ+CLS 400 mg, STZ+CLS 600 mg and diabetic control respectively and also in bicarbonate concentration (meq/l) of 10.07 when compared with 17.30, 16.47, 15.40, 6.40 and 17.30 in albino rats treated with glibenclamide, STZ+CLS 200 mg, STZ+CLS 400 mg, STZ+CLS 600 mg and diabetic control respectively. In conclusion, this medicinal plant could be considered as a potential and alternative approach for the treatment of diabetes. Keywords: Keywords: Citrullus lanatus, Diabetes Mellitus, Renal

Salinity Damage to Norfolk Island Pines Caused by Surfactants. I. The Nature of the Problem and Effect of Potassium, Sodium and Chloride Concentration on Uptake by Roots

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Truman ◽  
MJ Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Chloride Uptake ◽  
Araucaria Heterophylla ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

As part of an investigation into the deterioration of Norfolk Island pine, Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco, on the coast of eastern Australia, seedlings were grown in nutrient solutions in which sodium was substituted for potassium over the range 0.1 - 2.1 mM to give six treatments, each with four ratios of sulfate to chloride. Potassium was freely taken up and translocated to the shoots, the levels in the shoots being higher than those in the roots. However, the levels of potassium in both shoots and roots were significantly reduced in solutions in which sulfate predominated over chloride. Uptake and translocation of sodium was restricted, the ratio of sodium (shoots) to sodium (roots) being less than unity. The concentration of chloride in the shoots and roots generally increased with increasing solution chloride concentration but was significantly reduced at the lowest potassium-to-sodium ratio. In a second experiment the ratio of sodium to potassium was kept at 50:1, sodium and chloride in the solutions increasing from 2.5 to 460 mM and potassium from 0.05 to 9.2 mM. At the lower concentrations, uptake and translocation followed similar patterns to those found in the first experiment. However at solution concentrations of 20 mM sodium and above, levels of sodium in the shoots exceeded those of potassium and chloride. At sodium chloride concentrations of 260mM - 460mM, plants showed toxic symptoms with salt encrustations appearing on the stems. Analysis of the saturation extracts of soils taken from beneath affected seaside trees showed that the concentrations of sodium and chloride were not sufficiently high to account for the high levels of these elements found in the shoots of affected trees.

THE HAEMOLYMPH PLASMA COMPOSITION OF ADULTS, PUPAE, AND LARVAE OF THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE, LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA (SAY), AND DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SALINE SOLUTIONS

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 945-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Pelletier ◽  
Catherine L. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Plasma Composition ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say ◽  
Saline Solutions

AbstractHaemolymph from Colorado potato beetles at larval, pupal, and adult stages was analyzed for pH, osmolality, and concentrations of magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, chloride, phosphate, and citrate. Differences in the concentrations of some ions observed between stages were used to formulate physiological saline solutions for the adult and larval stages.

Effects of Oxygen at High Pressure on the Transport of Potassium, Sodium and Alpha-Ketoglutarate in Guinea Pig Kidney Cortex

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-165
Author(s):  
S. A. Kaplan ◽  
S. N. Stein
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Pig Kidney

Slices of guinea pig kidney cortex were incubated in a medium containing alpha-ketoglutarate, potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium and phosphate. After 90 minutes incubation at 37°C the potassium content of the slices diminished slightly when exposed to oxygen at a partial pressure of 1 atm. absolute. As the pressure of oxygen was raised above 2 atm. absolute, the potassium content of the slices increased over the control values by about 20% while the sodium content was decreased by a similar amount. At pressures exceeding 9 atm. absolute, the potassium content was reduced and concomitantly the sodium content was increased. Exposure of kidney slices to nitrogen at high pressure (5 atm. N2 plus 1 atm. O2) does not produce any changes in electrolyte content of the slices as compared with that of the slices exposed to 1 atm. of oxygen alone. Oxygen at high pressure does not appear to have any effect on the uptake of alpha-ketoglutarate from the medium by the slices.

Salt and Abscisic Acid Effects on 2,4,5-T Translocation

Weed Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
E. Basler ◽  
F. W. Slife
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Stem Tissue ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Chloride Salts

The effects of chloride salts of potassium, sodium, ammonium, and lithium and abscisic acid (ABA) on the translocation of 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] in bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL. Var. Stringless Green-pod) seedlings were determined.14C-labeled 2,4,5-T was injected in the stem tissue at the cotyledonary node in a 1-μl volume along with ABA. The salts were added to the nutrient solution at 20 mM concentrations at the time of 2,4,5-T treatment. Sodium chloride inhibited 2,4,5-T accumulation in the upper portion of the plant; and except for LiCl, the salts tended to increase accumulation in the nutrient solution. LiCl increased 2,4,5-T accumulation in the young shoots and primary leaves and decreased accumulation in the roots and nutrient solution. The effects of ABA on 2,4,5-T translocation were similar to the effects of NaCl but were more pronounced. ABA caused large decreases in 2,4,5-T translocation to the young shoots and primary leaves and increased accumulation in the nutrient solution.

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