scholarly journals Catalytic production of low-carbon footprint sustainable natural gas

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Si ◽  
Rui Lu ◽  
Zhitong Zhao ◽  
Xiaofeng Yang ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Yield ◽  
Gas Products ◽  
Forestry Residues ◽  
Solid Biomass

AbstractNatural gas is one of the foremost basic energy sources on earth. Although biological process appears as promising valorization routes to transfer biomass to sustainable methane, the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass is the major limitation for the production of mixing gas to meet the natural gas composition of pipeline transportation. Here we develop a catalytic-drive approach to directly transfer solid biomass to bio-natural gas which can be suitable for the current infrastructure. A catalyst with Ni2Al3 alloy phase enables nearly complete conversion of various agricultural and forestry residues, the total carbon yield of gas products reaches up to 93% after several hours at relative low-temperature (300 degrees Celsius). And the catalyst shows powerful processing capability for the production of natural gas during thirty cycles. A low-carbon footprint is estimated by a preliminary life cycle assessment, especially for the low hydrogen pressure and non-fossil hydrogen, and technical economic analysis predicts that this process is an economically competitive production process.

scholarly journals The Prospects for Reducing the Carbon Footprint in Liquefied Natural Gas Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
D. M. Grigoyeva ◽  
◽  
E. B. Fedorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Natural Gas Industry

To meet the terms of the Paris Agreement, it will be necessary to restructure the world economy, make an energy transition to low-carbon development, which will subsequently affect the conventional energy sources industry and, in particular, the liquefied natural gas (LNG) sector. The article provides an overview of the prospects for reducing the carbon footprint in the gas industry. Technical, political and economic measures of decarbonization formation are given. The prospects of the natural gas export market for Russia are outlined. The classification of technologies related to carbon dioxide capture is presented. Special attention is paid to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the LNG industry.

A Study on Dynamic Change of Liaoning Agricultural Carbon Footprint

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 2289-2295
Author(s):  
Fa Wang Ma ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Feng Li Dong ◽  
Tian Kuang ◽  
Zhi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Carbon Efficiency

Agricultural producing activity is one of the emission sources of greenhouse gases, and carbon footprint is a new concept emerging in the context of developing low-carbon economy. In this paper, the agricultural carbon footprint in Liaoning Province was calculated and analyzed with carbon footprint method. According to the results, carbon cost caused by the application of chemical fertilizer and land irrigation, as well as the application of diesel oil in agricultural machinery takes up a high percentage in the input carbon footprint, and the total carbon footprint increases year by year. The carbon intensity calculated in unit output occurs in a declining trend, while the carbon intensity calculated in unit cultivated area fluctuates constantly in a small range, and the carbon efficiency occurs in evident increasing trend. Finally, deficiencies of the study and problems that should be further discussed were proposed.

Accounting for carbon emissions associated with tourism-related consumption

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 510-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiwei Tang ◽  
Shouzhong Ge
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Table ◽  
Goods And Services

This article explores the issues of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions resulting from the production of the goods and services provided to supply tourism consumption. First, we define the scope of tourism activities and the resulting tourism consumption and tourism direct gross value added (TDGVA). Second, we calculate CO2 emissions for sectors and compile a carbon input-output table (CIOT). Third, we adjust the tourism-related products consumed according to the range of the corresponding sectors of the CIOT. Finally, we use Shanghai as an example to calculate the carbon emissions that result from tourism consumption using the input-output model. This study shows that the TDGVA accounted for 7.97% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2012, whereas the carbon footprint of tourism accounted for 20.45% of total carbon emissions. The results demonstrate that tourism is not a low-carbon industry in Shanghai.

scholarly journals Carbon footprint accounting and low-carbon path optimization for imported timber-based wooden furniture supply chains

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 6870-6890
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Jinzhuo Wu ◽  
Zhili Chen
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Dijkstra Algorithm ◽  
Wooden Furniture

Using an imported timber-based solid wood box bed (2000 mm × 1800 mm) as the functional unit, the ILCD 2011 midpoint assessment method was used to measure the life cycle carbon emissions of the product. Using this assessment, the Dijkstra algorithm was adopted to determine the shortest supply chain path and to obtain the minimum carbon footprint of the supply chain. Results showed that the total carbon footprint of the wood bed was 464 kg for the control case. For experimental cases, the carbon footprint ranged from 456 kg to 517 kg CO2-eq. The upstream process was identified as the primary contributor to the carbon footprint, accounting for 74.6% to 80.7% of the total carbon footprint, followed by the downstream and the core-stream processes. Configuration of a timber harvesting system with lower fuel consumption, purchasing timber from areas within shorter transportation distance, and reducing the proportion of incineration for waste treatment were feasible solutions to reduce the carbon footprint of the product. A case study optimizing the low-carbon path for the wooden furniture supply chain determined the shortest path for the participants in each link, such that the minimum total carbon footprint of the supply chain was 463 kg CO2-eq.

A Case Study of Carbon Footprint on Liquor Packaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 577-580
Author(s):  
Ya Bo Fu ◽  
Wen Cai Xu ◽  
Yan Ru Jiang ◽  
Ge Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Green Packaging ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

The increasing concern on low carbon and environment protection has aroused a broader awareness of the sustainable development issues to be given to the environmental impacts of packaging products through the whole life cycle. The research of carbon footprint takes the high lights among these studies. The calculation of carbon emissions on commodities has shown many advantages on estimation of global greenhouse gas emissions. In this work, glass bottle liquor packaging was selected as the researching object, its equivalent carbon emissions were investigated by hybrid life cycle method. Through the carbon emissions research of the processes during the whole life cycle including raw materials’ production, packaging process, transportation, consumption and recycling, the carbon footprint on liquor packaging was calculated. The results indicated that the transportation and production of glass bottle contribute the most parts of total carbon emissions, which provides a case support for energy conservation and the development of green packaging.

scholarly journals New Concepts of Hydrogen Production and Storage in Arctic Region

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Mikhail Dvoynikov ◽  
George Buslaev ◽  
Andrey Kunshin ◽  
Dmitry Sidorov ◽  
Andrzej Kraslawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Associated Petroleum Gas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

The development of markets for low-carbon energy sources requires reconsideration of issues related to extraction and use of oil and gas. Significant reserves of hydrocarbons are concentrated in Arctic territories, e.g., 30% of the world’s undiscovered natural gas reserves and 13% of oil. Associated petroleum gas, natural gas and gas condensate could be able to expand the scope of their applications. Natural gas is the main raw material for the production of hydrogen and ammonia, which are considered promising primary energy resources of the future, the oxidation of which does not release CO2. Complex components contained in associated petroleum gas and gas condensate are valuable chemical raw materials to be used in a wide range of applications. This article presents conceptual Gas-To-Chem solutions for the development of Arctic oil and gas condensate fields, taking into account the current trends to reduce the carbon footprint of products, the formation of commodity exchanges for gas chemistry products, as well as the course towards the creation of hydrogen energy. The concept is based on modern gas chemical technologies with an emphasis on the production of products with high added value and low carbon footprint.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Use in Australian Public Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayden Burch ◽  
Matthew Anstey ◽  
Forbes McGain
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Direct Energy

Abstract Objective Are Australian hospitals moving towards renewable energy sources for their electricity, and aligning energy choices with core business, i.e. protecting and promoting health? Design Cross-sectional analysis of Australian state/territory amalgamated energy data Setting Healthcare’s carbon footprint is approximately 7% of Australia’s total carbon footprint. It is unknown if Australian public hospitals are decoupling energy needs from carbon emissions over and above state/territory based renewable energy targets. Participants 693 Australian public hospitals direct energy usage (renewable & non-renewable electricity [produced/purchased], natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, for the three consecutive years from 2016/17 to 2018/19. Main outcome measures All direct energy produced/purchased and consumed (converted to kilowatt-hours). Results Australian public hospitals consumed 4,122 gigawatt-hours of energy in 2018/19. Electricity use was 2,504 (61%) GWh, natural gas 1,436 (35%) GWh and renewable energy 94 GWh (2.3%). Victoria and New South Wales combined consumed 2,494/ 4,122 GWh (60%) of total Australian public healthcare energy but each produced/purchased less than 1% renewable electricity. For Queensland, a Health GreenPower purchase comprised the majority (71/94 GWh; 76%) of renewable energy production/purchase by all Australian public hospitals. By comparison, individual tertiary education institutions produced/purchased more renewable energy than all Australian public hospitals combined (University of NSW 124 GWh/yr, Swinburne University 90 GWh/yr, 2018/19). Conclusions Australian public hospitals obtain approximately 2.3% of total energy from renewable electricity. One third of hospital energy use stems from fossil gas use. The Australian public hospital system has no documented plans to transition to renewable energy, contrasting with the University sector. The known Australian healthcare contributes approximately 7% of Australia’s total carbon footprint with public hospital energy use a major source of healthcare associated carbon emissions. The new Australian public hospitals consumed 4122 gigawatt-hours in 2018/2019. Approximately 2.3% (94/4,122 gigawatt-hours) of hospital energy was sourced from renewables, beyond state-wide renewable electricity penetration. The implications Australian public hospitals are large emitters of greenhouse gases. Hospital fossil fuel energy use and subsequent pollution continues unabated. Such increasing pollution is at odds with the ethos ‘first do no harm’.

The Provincial Carbon Footprint and Trade

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 3514-3518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Na Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Demand Structure ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Based on the data of provincial input-output model and the carbon footprint model, the analysis is focused on provincial carbon footprint and the space transfer of carbon emissions. The results have shown that: (1) There are significant differences of provincial total carbon footprint amounts: resource-rich provinces have high total carbon footprint amounts, followed by processing and manufacturing provinces and municipalities; Regions with high energy efficiency have low carbon footprint amounts, so does southwestern region where economic and industrial development level is relatively low. (2) The provincial differences of carbon footprint per capita are related to demand structure: the amounts of carbon footprint are high in provinces with higher demand of consumption and investment, especially those provinces with strong demand for construction and processing industries. The amounts of carbon footprint are low in provinces which are non-resource-based, have limited investment and construction, and its economic structure is not dominated by processing and manufacturing. (3) Interprovincial trades have a significant impact on carbon footprint and carbon emissions. Provinces with well developed infrastructure have net CO2 emissions flow-in that are directly induced by high energy consumption products; southwestern region, where processing and manufacturing industry is relatively less-developed, has main CO2 emission flow-in, which are induced by the demand of processing and manufacturing industries; resource-intensive provinces and provinces with well-developed processing and manufacturing industries have net CO2 emission flow-out, which are induced by interprovincial trades.

scholarly journals Decreasing Carbon Footprint of Block of Flats – Concrete Technology Possibilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Elina Lahdensivu ◽  
Jukka Lahdensivu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Structure Type ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Supplementary Cementing Materials ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Single Structure

Abstract Construction business along with other businesses have set carbon neutrality goals in the following years. To reach these goals a lot needs to be done fairly quickly. The high impact of concrete production on carbon emissions has been known for years and solutions for this problem are studied in this paper through supplementary cementing materials. Ordinary Portland cement can be replaced partly but not completely with cement replacing materials since the strength properties are lost at replacement level higher than 80%. These replacing binders can be pulverized fly ash, blast furnace slag or silica fume. The use of the new low-carbon products can half the embodied carbon for the bearing frame of the building. The total area of a certain structure type is important since replacing its cement can have much higher impact on the total carbon footprint than replacing it for a single structure type that has fairly small area in the building.

scholarly journals Izračun ogljičnega odtisa pri pridelavi mleka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijan Pogačnik ◽  
Irena Gril
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Organic Milk ◽  
School Property ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Organic Milk Production

Agriculture contributes about 10% of greenhouse gas emissions. The transition to a low-carbon society, while increasing food production, poses a major challenge. The article deals with the carbon footprint in organic milk production on the school property in Biotechnical Centre Naklo. Data are collected from central records of cattle, material and financial accounting, annual plans and reports, and from process monitoring according to ISO standards (ISO 9001, 14001). 22 ha of agricultural land with 33 cows and young livestock (46 LSU), grazed throughout the year, are earmarked for the needs of organic milk production. All the processes that affect CO2eq emissions are recorded in order to be able to calculate the carbon footprint (PAS 2050 and ISO 14067) in accordance with the LCA cycle procedures. Voluminous (7,195t) and strong fodder (4,347 t) has maximum impact on CO2eq. (4,347 t). The fodder is followed by electricity (32 t) and gas oil (16 t). The total carbon footprint for milk production and storage at 4 ° C is 60.95 t CO2eq, which is 2.73 CO2eq/l milk.

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