scholarly journals Research on micro governance path of high-level professional group construction

2022 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 02047
Author(s):  
Guangjiu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Operation Mechanism ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Industrial Chain ◽  
Group Construction ◽  
High Level

Under the background of “double high plan”, higher vocational colleges combine the industrial background, strengthen the connection between industrial chain and professional chain. Therefore, colleges and universities delegate power to secondary colleges. Secondary colleges independently improve the grass-roots governance mechanism according to the logic of professional groups, which will help to optimize the power allocation mode, and strengthen the construction of professional organizations. The functions of professional resource allocation, power distribution and operation mechanism, so as to provide management guarantee for the construction of high-level professional groups.

ArgoMoon: the Italian cubesat for Artemis1 mission

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Pirrotta ◽  
Biagio Cotugno ◽  
Valerio di Tana ◽  
Silvio Patruno ◽  
Francesca Ingiosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Flight Control ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Recognition Algorithm ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
Ground Segment ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Flight Operations ◽  
High Level

<p>In order to increase the scientific and technological return of the Artemis I mission, NASA has directed the SLS Program to accommodate Secondary Payloads on board of the Space Launch System (SLS), to be deployed with the Orion capsule; among them, ArgoMoon cubesat has been selected as European contribution. It is a 6U platform designed by Argotec on behalf of the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and will be released from the launch vehicle Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage (ICPS). The main objectives of the satellite are: i) taking photographs to document the ICPS after the deployment of the Orion capsule and the deployment of the other secondary payloads mounted on-board; ii) taking photographs of the Earth and the Moon; iii) validate guidance and autonomous targeting technology and iv) verifying a new technology for power distribution, satellite data acquisition and processing suitable for nanosatellite volume. In fact, the cubesat will be the first national spacecraft working in near Deep Space and operated through a Ground Segment mainly based in Italy.</p> <p>ArgoMoon design is based on the HAWK platform, designed by Argotec following an “all in-house” concept. Some of the main features of this platform are the focus on rad-hard subsystem components, a high level of autonomy capability supported by artificial intelligence, and the scalability towards larger bus sizes.</p> <p>Early after deployment, ArgoMoon will be able to operate autonomously and perform SLS tracking and proximity flight navigation, making use of a complex image recognition algorithm based on artificial intelligence. These operations are carried out by two optical payloads and the obtained photography will be used to support the NASA and payload communities in providing information regarding the status of their deployment and the condition of the second stage as it completes the final phase of its mission. After that, ArgoMoon will be operative for another six months for technological validation and Moon observation purposes.</p> <p>During the communication windows throughout the entire satellite lifetime, ArgoMoon will be operated and monitored entirely by the Argotec Mission Control Centre, connected to the Deep Space Network (DSN). The Flight Control Team (FCT) will follow the flight operations with in-house developed software able to plan and validate in orbit activities, verifying the on-board.</p> <p>After a successfully integration and test campaign, the cubesat has been shipped to USA for the filling activities on the propulsion tanks and the final delivery to NASA for the integration in the SLS, expected in July 2021.</p> <p>The results of this mission will strongly contribute to future of Space Exploration based on small satellite platforms in Deep Space.</p>

scholarly journals socio-professional identification of entrepreneurs and leaders

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-E) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Guzel I. Seletkova ◽  
Eugeniia A. Lazukova ◽  
Milana B. Kolesnichenko ◽  
Mikhail A. Ermakov ◽  
Maria K. Duvanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Professional Identification ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the study of the specifics and types of socio-professional identification. The basis for the research is formed by the study conducted in the city of Perm using the “Who am I?” method that involved surveying the socio-professional groups of entrepreneurs and leaders. It was found that entrepreneurs and leaders typically self-identify through the “social self” and “reflexive self”. Common to the two types of entrepreneurs in terms of self-identification (having and not having an in-depth identification with their socio-professional group) is the correlation of self-confidence and the ability to persuade others. In leaders with in-depth self-identification with their socio-professional group, self-confidence correlates with the ability to organize work while in leaders lacking such self-identification, self-confidence correlates with the ability to talk to people. It is tested whether the self-evaluation of one’s financial status and readiness to change the sphere of one’s activity influence the degree of awareness of socio-professional identification and whether socio-professional identification affects the perception of success in life.

scholarly journals Chained by one chain: Mechanisms of electoral mobilization at the local level in the Russian ethnic republics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-405
Author(s):  
Stanislav N. Shkel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Institutional Factor ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Electoral Mobilization ◽  
Soviet Legacy ◽  
High Level

Introduction: researchers of the Russian elections have long noticed that in a number of ethnic republics the level of electoral mobilization and political conformism of voters is higher than the average in Russia. Despite the fairly numerous statistical evidence of the existence of this political phenomenon, we still know relatively little about the specific causal mechanisms for the reproduction of electoral activity in these republics. Objectives: identifying the factors bringing about a high level of electoral mobilization in ethnic republics in Russia. Methods: analysis of qualitative data collected through focus groups method in five regions: Republic of Bashkortostan, Republic of Tatarstan, Komi Republic, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and Chuvash Republic. Results: as the result of the study it is concluded that a high level of electoral mobilization is caused by the combination of three factors, each of which affects different categories of voters. The institutional factor in the form of political machines involves into the electoral process those employed in public sector and industrial enterprises. The density of social networks resulting from specificity of rural way of life influences the electoral behavior of entrepreneurs and self-employed people living in the countryside. Finally, the Soviet legacy continues to determine the high political activity of the older generation, acting as a significant cultural factor. At the same time, there has been no empirical proof to a number of explanations whereby religion or ethnic culture of non-Russian ethnic groups is viewed as factors that simplify electoral mobilization. Conclusions: evidence on the role of the solidarity norms in rural areas during elections makes it possible to conclude that the consolidation and high intensity of horizontal relationships do not always promote the reproduction of civil society institutions and grass-roots democratic practices. As it is shown in the experience of the Russian ethnic republics, this element of social consolidation may well be integrated into the design of authoritarian elections. Thus, informal networks of grass-roots solidarity can be used not only by the opposition, but also by local authorities to increase electoral mobilization, which, in the current political context, rather strengthens authoritarian orders and practices than creates threats to them.

Managerial discretion, say on pay, and CEO compensation

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Samuel Baixauli-Soler ◽  
Gabriel Lozano-Reina ◽  
Gregorio Sánchez-Marín
Keyword(s):  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Ceo Compensation ◽  
Managerial Discretion ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Global Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Say On Pay ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of managerial discretion on the effectiveness of say on pay (SOP) as a governance mechanism. This goal covers an important gap since the issue of how effective SOP is in promoting more aligned compensation has proved somewhat controversial.Design/methodology/approachThis empirical research opted for a panel methodology for the period 2003–2017, using a sample of large UK listed-companies (specifically, 3,445 firm-year observations). Data were obtained from several sources (Manifest Ltd, BoardEx, Worldscope, Factset Ownership and DataStream).FindingsResults show that managerial discretion plays an important role in the effectiveness of SOP as a mechanism for increasing aligned CEO compensation. While individual discretion (latitude of objectives) exerts a negative effect, contextual discretion (latitude of action) increases SOP effectiveness. The global effect of managerial discretion is positive when there is high level of both individual and contextual discretion.Originality/valueThis empirical study provides evidence concerning an emerging topic in the literature regarding the impact of SOP as a shareholder activism mechanism of corporate governance on executive compensation. By taking managerial discretion into consideration as a relevant moderating factor, it also offers a better explanation of SOP effectiveness as a governance mechanism.

THE USE OF IMMUNOLOGICAL INDICATORS IN ORDER TO FORM AN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED GROUP FOR VACCINATION AGAINST PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.V. Bushueva ◽  
◽  
N.A. Roslay ◽  
A.K. Labzova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Working Age ◽  
High Level ◽  
Families With Children ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin ◽  
Healthy Carriers ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Abstract: Pneumococci (Streptococcus pneumoniae) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among people over 60 years of age and workers in some professional groups. According to the medical literature, the frequency of invasive forms of pneumococcal infection among people of working age is 3.8 per 100,000 population. Increased susceptibility to colonization of the respiratory tract and subsequent morbidity may be due to concomitant pathology, exposure to immunocompromising, including harmful production factors. It should be noted that the source of the pathogen is not only sick people, but also healthy carriers. The level of asymptomatic colonization in the adult population is 5-7%, and in families with children increases to 30%. Vaccination is a way to effectively prevent respiratory diseases caused by this infection. The purpose of our study is to substantiate immunological indications for the formation of immunocompromised groups among workers exposed to the aerogenic factor at work for subsequent vaccination against pneumococcal infection. Results: It has been shown that low bactericidal activity of neutrophils (NBT-test) and a high level of secretory immunoglobulin can be used as a marker of immunodeficiency in workers of a ferrous metallurgy enterprise. When a doctor assesses the immune status of workers, he needs to take into account the presence of diseases that are part of the groups of immunological syndrome complexes (infectious-inflammatory, autoimmune, allergic, immunoproliferative) and the composition of industrial aerosols

Health Professionals’ Explanations of Suicidal Behaviour: Effects of Professional Group, Theoretical Intervention Model, and Patient Suicide Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Areal Rothes ◽  
Margarida Rangel Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Patient Suicide ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Psychological Suffering ◽  
Intervention Models ◽  
Suicidal Person

In a help relation with a suicidal person, the theoretical models of suicidality can be essential to guide the health professional’s comprehension of the client/patient. The objectives of this study were to identify health professionals’ explanations of suicidal behaviors and to study the effects of professional group, theoretical intervention models, and patient suicide experience in professionals’ representations. Two hundred and forty-two health professionals filled out a self-report questionnaire. Exploratory principal components analysis was used. Five explanatory models were identified: psychological suffering, affective cognitive, sociocommunicational, adverse life events, and psychopathological. Results indicated that the psychological suffering and psychopathological models were the most valued by the professionals, while the sociocommunicational was seen as the least likely to explain suicidal behavior. Differences between professional groups were found. We concluded that training and reflection on theoretical models in general and in communicative issues in particular are needed in the education of health professionals.

scholarly journals Structured evaluation of stress triggers in prehospital emergency medical care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Eismann ◽  
Lion Sieg ◽  
Thomas Palmaers ◽  
Vera Hagemann ◽  
Markus Flentje
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Emergency Medical Service ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Advanced Paramedics

Abstract Background Emergency medical services work in the environment of high responsibility teams and have to act under unpredictable working conditions. Stress occurs and has potential of negative effects on tasks, teamwork, prioritization processes and cognitive control. Stress is not exclusively dictated by the situation—the individuals rate the situation of having the necessary skills that a particular situation demands. There are different occupational groups in the emergency medical services in Germany. Training, tasks and legal framework of these groups vary. Objective The aim of this study was to identify professional group-specific stressors for emergency medical services. These stress situations can be used to design skills building tools to enable individuals to cope with these stressors. Material and methods The participants were invited to the study via posters and social media. An expert group (minimum 6 months of experience) developed a set of items via a two-step online Delphi survey. The experts were recruited from all professional groups represented in the German emergency medical service. We evaluated the resulting parameters for relevance and validity in a larger collective. Lastly, we identified stress factors that could be grouped in relevant scales. In total 1017 participants (paramedics, physicians) took part in the final validation survey. Results After validation, we identified a catalogue of stressors with 7 scales and 25 items for EMT (Emergency Medical Technician) paramedics (KMO [Kayser-Meyer-Olkin criterion] 0.81), 6 scales and 24 items for advanced paramedics (KMO 0.82) and 6 scales and 24 items for EMS (Emergency Medical Service) physicians (KMO 0.82). For the professional group of EMT basic, the quality parameters did not allow further processing of the items. Professional group-specific scales for EMT paramedics are “professional limitations”, “organizational framework”, “expectations” and “questions of meaning”. For advanced paramedics “appreciation”, “exceptional circumstances” and “legal certainty” were identified. The EMT physicians named “handling third parties”, “tolerance to ambiguity”, “task management” and “pressure to act”. A scale that is representative for all professional groups is “teamwork”. Organizational circumstances occur in all groups. The item “unnecessary missions” for EMT paramedics and “legal concerns with the application of methods” for advanced paramedics are examples. Discussion Different stressors are relevant for the individual professional groups in the German emergency medical service. The developed catalogue can be used in the future to evaluate the subjective stress load of emergency service professionals. There are stressors that are inherent in the working environment (e.g. pressure to act) and others that can be improved through training (teamwork). We recommend training of general resistance as well as training of specific items (e.g., technical, nontechnical skills). All professionals mentioned items with respect to organizational factors. The responsible persons can identify potential for improvement based on the legal and organizational items. The EMT basic requires further subdivision according to task areas due to its variable applicability.

The Amnesty Adventure; Amnesty International's Police Group in the Netherlands

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piet Van Reenen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Amnesty International ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
Do So

The Dutch section of Amnesty International has a group of police officers working for human rights. This group, the professional group of police, is one of the various professional groups that AI has. As a police group it is unique in the world. In this article, the history and the activities of the group are described and the success-factors indicated. An attempt is made to answer the question why such a group could develop in the Netherlands and why efforts to do so elsewhere have mainly failed.

Recommendations to Resolve Inconsistent Guidelines for the Reprocessing of Sheathed and Unsheathed Rigid Laryngoscopes

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence F. Muscarella
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Protective Barrier ◽  
Guidelines And Standards ◽  
High Level ◽  
Current Practices

Neither a consensus statement nor a formal set of step-by-step guidelines for reprocessing rigid laryngoscopes have been published or endorsed by professional organizations. Several published guidelines, standards, and clinical reports were reviewed to evaluate the risk of nosocomial infection associated with the use of rigid laryngoscopes, to determine their minimum reprocessing requirements. This review found that the recommendations of some guidelines and standards for reprocessing rigid laryngoscopes are incomplete, inadequate, and inconsistent with one another, and that current practices for reprocessing rigid laryngoscopes are reported to be inadequate and lack standardization. It is recommended that a consensus statement be developed that standardizes the reprocessing of rigid laryngoscopes and requires cleaning followed by high-level disinfection (or sterilization) and drying of the rigid laryngoscope's blade and handle to prevent nosocomial infection, regardless of whether a protective barrier or sheath is used during the procedure.

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