scholarly journals Illness characteristics of COVID-19 in children infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Molteni ◽  
Carole Helene Sudre ◽  
Liane S Canas ◽  
Sunil S Bhopal ◽  
Robert C Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Variant Interpretation ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Similar Symptom ◽  
Illness Duration ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Symptom Prevalence ◽  
Alpha Variant ◽  
Delta Infection

Background The Delta (B.1.617.2) SARSCoV2 variant became the predominant UK circulating strain in May 2021. Whether COVID19 from Delta infection differs to infection with other variants in children is unknown. Methods Through the prospective COVID Symptom Study, 109,626 UK school-aged children were proxy-reported between December 28, 2020 and July 8, 2021. We selected all symptomatic children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were proxy-reported at least weekly, within two timeframes: December 28, 2020 to May 6, 2021 (Alpha (B.1.1.7) the main UK circulating variant); and May 26 to July 8, 2021 (Delta the main UK circulating variant). We assessed illness profiles (symptom prevalence, duration, and burden), hospital presentation, and presence of long (>28 day) illness; and calculated odds ratios for symptoms presenting within the first 28 days of illness. Findings 694 (276 younger [5 11 years], 418 older [12 17 years]) symptomatic children tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 with Alpha infection and 706 (227 younger and 479 older) children with Delta infection. Median illness duration was short with either variant (overall cohort: 5 days (IQR 2 9.75) with Alpha, 5 days (IQR 2 9) with Delta). The seven most prevalent symptoms were common to both variants. Symptom burden over the first 28 days was slightly greater with Delta compared with Alpha infection (in younger children, 3 (IQR 2 5) with Alpha, 4 (IQR 2 7) with Delta; in older children 5 (IQR 3 8) with Alpha and 6 (IQR 3 9) with Delta infection in older children). The odds of several symptoms were higher with Delta than Alpha infection, including headache and fever. Few children presented to hospital, and long illness duration was uncommon, with either variant. Interpretation COVID-19 in UK school-aged children due to SARSCoV2 Delta strain B.1.617.2 resembles illness due to the Alpha variant B.1.1.7., with short duration and similar symptom burden.

scholarly journals Illness duration and symptom profile in a large cohort of symptomatic UK school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Molteni ◽  
Carole Helene Sudre ◽  
Liane Santos Canas ◽  
Sunil S Bhopal ◽  
Robert C Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Illness Duration ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Using Data

Background In children, SARS-CoV-2 is usually asymptomatic or causes a mild illness of short duration. Persistent illness has been reported; however, its prevalence and characteristics are unclear. We aimed to determine illness duration and characteristics in symptomatic UK school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2 using data from the COVID Symptom Study, the largest citizen participatory epidemiological study to date. Methods Data from 258,790 children aged 5-17 years were reported by an adult proxy between 24 March 2020 and 22 February 2021. Illness duration and symptom profiles were analysed for all children testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 for whom illness duration could be determined, considered overall and within younger (5-11 years) and older (12-17 years) age groups. Data from symptomatic children testing negative for SARS-CoV-2, matched 1:1 for age, gender, and week of testing, were also assessed. Findings 1,734 children (588 younger children, 1,146 older children) had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result and calculable duration of illness with the study time frame. The commonest symptoms were headache (62.2%) and fatigue (55.0%). Median illness duration was six days (vs. three days in children testing negative); and was positively associated with age (rs 0.19, p<1.e-4) with median duration seven days in older vs. five days in younger children. Seventy-seven (4.4%) children had illness duration =>28 days (LC28); LC28 was more common in older compared with younger children (59 (5.1%) vs. 18 (3.1%), p=0.046). The commonest symptoms experienced by children with LC28 were fatigue (84.4%), headache and anosmia (both 77.9%); however, by day 28 the median symptom burden was two. Only 25 (1.8%) of 1,379 children experienced symptoms for ≥56 days. Few children (15 children, 0.9%) in the negatively-tested cohort experienced prolonged symptom duration; however, these children experienced greater symptom burden (both throughout their illness and at day 28) than children positive for SARS-CoV-2. Interpretation Some children with COVID-19 experience prolonged illness duration; reassuringly, symptom burden in these children did not increase with time, and most recovered by day 56. Some children who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 also had persistent and burdensome illness. Thus, a holistic approach for all children with persistent illness during the pandemic is required.

scholarly journals COVID-19 due to the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant compared to B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant of SARS-CoV-2: two prospective observational cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Klaser ◽  
Erika Molteni ◽  
Mark S Graham ◽  
Liane S Canas ◽  
Marc F Osterdahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Predominant Variant ◽  
Alpha Variant ◽  
Delta Infection

Background The Delta (B.1.617.2) variant became the predominant UK circulating SARS-CoV-2 strain in May 2021. How Delta infection compares with previous variants is unknown. Methods This prospective observational cohort study assessed symptomatic adults participating in the app-based COVID Symptom Study who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 from May 26 to July 1, 2021 (Delta overwhelmingly predominant circulating UK variant), compared (1:1, age- and sex-matched) with individuals presenting from December 28, 2020 to May 6, 2021 (Alpha (B.1.1.7) predominant variant). We assessed illness (symptoms, duration, presentation to hospital) during Alpha- and Delta-predominant timeframes; and transmission, reinfection, and vaccine effectiveness during the Delta-predominant period. Findings 3,581 individuals (aged 18 to 100 years) from each timeframe were assessed. The seven most frequent symptoms were common to both variants. Within the first 28 days of illness, some symptoms were more common with Delta vs. Alpha infection (including fever, sore throat and headache) and vice versa (dyspnoea). Symptom burden in the first week was higher with Delta vs. Alpha infection; however, the odds of any given symptom lasting ≥7 days was either lower or unchanged. Illness duration ≥28 days was lower with Delta vs. Alpha infection, though unchanged in unvaccinated individuals. Hospitalisation for COVID-19 was unchanged. The Delta variant appeared more (1.47) transmissible than Alpha. Re-infections were low in all UK regions. Vaccination markedly (69-84%) reduced risk of Delta infection. Interpretation COVID-19 from Delta or Alpha infections is clinically similar. The Delta variant is more transmissible than Alpha; however, current vaccines show good efficacy against disease. Funding UK Government Department of Health and Social Care, Wellcome Trust, UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK Research and Innovation London Medical Imaging & Artificial Intelligence Centre for Value Based Healthcare, UK National Institute for Health Research, UK Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation, Alzheimer's Society, and ZOE Limited.

scholarly journals Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Status and Its Association with Childhood Obesity among Chinese Children Aged 6–17 Years

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2211
Author(s):  
Qian Gan ◽  
Peipei Xu ◽  
Titi Yang ◽  
Wei Cao ◽  
Juan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Chinese School ◽  
And Control

Objective: There is a remarkable growth in sugar-sweetened (SSB) production and obesity prevalence among school-aged children in China. This paper describes SSB consumption and its association with obesity among Chinese children aged 6–17 years in 2012. Methods: in total, 25,553 children aged 6~17 years enrolled in the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2010–2013 were included in this study. Data of SSB consumption frequency and quantity were obtained from a food frequency questionnaire, and the children’s nutritional status was assessed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between SSB consumption and obesity status. Results: SSB intake was estimated as 181.0 g/day, occurring 2.2 times/week. Older children, males, children from urban areas, and children with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to consume SSBs. Children who consumed SSBs 1~<5 times/week (11.7%) and >5 times/week (12.9%) were more likely to be overweight/obesity than those who consumed SSBs less than once/week. Conclusion: SSB consumption was common among Chinese school-aged children, especially among males, older children, and children from urban areas. High consumption of SSBs was associated with a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity. Actions and plans are required to reduce SSB consumption and control childhood obesity in China.

Familiarity of Speaker Accent on Irish Children’s Performance on a Sentence Comprehension Task

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Claire O’Connor ◽  
Fiona E. Gibbon
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Older Children ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Comprehension Task ◽  
Computer Based

Objective: This study sought to determine whether children’s performance on a sentence comprehension task is affected when sentences are spoken in an unfamiliar native accent. Method: Fifty typically developing school-aged children living in Southern Ireland (Cork) participated; 25 in a younger group (mean 7;08 years) and 25 in an older group (mean 9;09 years). The children completed a computer-based comprehension task during which 20 sentences were spoken in a Cork accent (familiar) and 20 in a Tyrone accent (unfamiliar). The sentences were matched for syllable length and syntactic complexity. Main results: The younger children made significantly more errors when sentences were spoken in an unfamiliar accent. The older children made a similar number of incorrect responses to both familiar and unfamiliar accents. Conclusion: Younger children’s performance on comprehension tasks may be reduced when sentences are spoken in an unfamiliar accent. Possible explanations and the clinical implications are discussed.

Weighting of Amplitude and Formant Rise Time Cues by School-Aged Children: A Mismatch Negativity Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1322-1333
Author(s):  
Varghese Peter ◽  
Marina Kalashnikova ◽  
Denis Burnham
Keyword(s):  
Rise Time ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Standard Stimulus ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Deviant Stimulus ◽  
Cue Weighting ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Optimal Weights

Purpose An important skill in the development of speech perception is to apply optimal weights to acoustic cues so that phonemic information is recovered from speech with minimum effort. Here, we investigated the development of acoustic cue weighting of amplitude rise time (ART) and formant rise time (FRT) cues in children as measured by mismatch negativity (MMN). Method Twelve adults and 36 children aged 6–12 years listened to a /ba/–/wa/ contrast in an oddball paradigm in which the standard stimulus had the ART and FRT cues of /ba/. In different blocks, the deviant stimulus had either the ART or FRT cues of /wa/. Results The results revealed that children younger than 10 years were sensitive to both ART and FRT cues whereas 10- to 12-year-old children and adults were sensitive only to FRT cues. Moreover, children younger than 10 years generated a positive mismatch response, whereas older children and adults generated MMN. Conclusion These results suggest that preattentive adultlike weighting of ART and FRT cues is attained only by 10 years of age and accompanies the change from mismatch response to the more mature MMN response. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6207608

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of periportal fibrosis and Schistosoma mansoni infection among school-aged children in a hard-to-reach area of Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
Hannah J Russell ◽  
James M StJ Penney ◽  
Cortland Linder ◽  
Elizabeth C Joekes ◽  
Amaya L Bustinduy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Sonographic Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Periportal Fibrosis ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background A cross-sectional survey was performed to estimate the prevalence of periportal fibrosis in children based on ultrasound examination in the Marolambo district of the Atsinanana region of Madagascar. This is a remote area known to have a high prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis. Methods School-aged children (5–14 y) were selected from six villages for parasitological and sonographic examination. Circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) tests and Kato Katz (KK) stool microscopy were performed. Video-clips of liver views were recorded with a SonoSite iViz and interpreted in the UK by comparison with standardised images (WHO protocol). Results The prevalence of schistosomiasis according to CCA testing was 97.8% (269/275) and 73.8% (203/275) by KK. Sonographic evidence of periportal fibrosis was observed in 11.3% (31/275). The youngest children with fibrosis were aged 6 y. Fibrosis was more common in older children (p=0.03) but was not associated with either infection intensity category (p=0.07) or gender (p=0.67). Conclusions Findings of periportal fibrosis among children in these hard-to-reach villages suggests chronic Schistosoma mansoni infection from a very young age. This may reflect other similarly remote schistosomiasis-endemic areas and reinforces the need to investigate morbidity in neglected communities to understand the true extent of disease burden in endemic countries.

Strangulation in Childhood

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 171-190
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Neurologic Recovery ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Early School ◽  
Suicidal Attempts

Feldman et al reviewed 233 cases of childhood strangulation to define causes, clinical course, prognosis for neurologic recovery, and methods of prevention from strangulation Cribs, ropes, and cords were leading causes of childhood strangulation in accidental or suicidal injury. All age groups were affected. Pacifier cords, low hanging cradle gyms, and toy cords caused strangulations during infancy. Toddlers to early school-aged children strangled on window cords, plant holders, electric car windows, high chairs, and looped rope swings. Jackets, ponchos, and scarves caused accidental mechanical suffocation by entanglement with unsafe playground equipment. Strangulations in older children resulted from rope loops, cords, belts, neckties, and rope or chain swings. Most accidents were the result of unsafe play, attention-seeking activities, suicidal attempts, or partial asphyxiation during autoerotic stimulation.

Friendships and Social Interactions of School-Aged Children With Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 734-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Vannatta ◽  
EA Getzoff ◽  
DK Gilman ◽  
RB Noll ◽  
CA Gerhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Older Children ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
School Based ◽  
Behavioural Difficulties ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

We set out to evaluate the friendships and social behaviour of school-aged children with migraine. Concern exists regarding the impact of paediatric migraine on daily activities and quality of life. We hypothesized that children with migraine would have fewer friends and be identified as more socially sensitive and isolated than comparison peers. Sixty-nine children with migraine participated in a school-based study of social functioning. A comparison sample without migraine included classmates matched for gender, race and age. Children with migraine had fewer friends at school; however, this effect was limited to those in elementary school. Behavioural difficulties were not found. Middle-school students with migraine were identified by peers as displaying higher levels of leadership and popularity than comparison peers. Concern may be warranted about the social functioning of pre-adolescent children with migraine; however, older children with migraine may function as well as or better than their peers.

scholarly journals Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic UK school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Molteni ◽  
Carole H Sudre ◽  
Liane S Canas ◽  
Sunil S Bhopal ◽  
Robert C Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Illness Duration ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Symptom Profile

Symptom prevalence and severity in palliative cancer medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2020-002357
Author(s):  
Kath Webber ◽  
Andrew Neil Davies ◽  
Charlotte Leach ◽  
Melanie Waghorn
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Symptom Prevalence

ObjectivesTo establish symptom prevalence and associated distress in a large cohort of UK patients with cancer referred to a palliative care team.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of two large data sets of patients with advanced cancer. Each patient had completed the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form to assess 32 symptoms and related distress. Data frequencies were conducted in Excel.Results1507 patients were recruited. The most common symptoms were lack of energy (89%), pain (83%), feeling drowsy (77%) and dry mouth (70%). 67% of patients had psychological symptoms, with 31% of all patients having significant psychological distress.ConclusionsSymptom burden is significant in palliative patients with cancer. Structured symptom assessment with access to relevant supportive services is recommended.

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