Function, Evolution, and Classification of Macromolecular Transport Systems

2014 ◽  
pp. 189-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Planet ◽  
David H. Figurski ◽  
Rob DeSalle
Keyword(s):  
Transport Systems ◽  
Macromolecular Transport

scholarly journals STATISTICAL PROBABILITY EVALUATION OF OPERATING ITS

Transport ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfas Baublys ◽  
Aldona Jarašūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Description ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Statistical Probability ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Loop Detectors ◽  
Probability Evaluation ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
And Control

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) work with information and control technologies providing the core of ITS functions. Some of these technologies like loop detectors are well known to transportation professionals. However, there are a number of less familiar technologies and system concepts that are keys to ITS functions. Although information and control technologies act as a technical core of ITS, human factors also remain vitally important and potentially very complex issues. The process of operating ITS is influenced by a number of random factors. Along with an assessment of dependence upon separate random factors, the classification of those in the whole hierarchical structure of operating ITS is presented. Statistical information on operating ITS is renewed and replenished in the course of time. With the growth of information amounts, the costs of storing them also increase. Therefore, the article presents relevant algorithms for obtaining required statistical assessments with the least statistical information. It is deduced that while modelling the process of operating ITS, an analytical description of random factors applying non‐parametric assessment is suitable.

scholarly journals Research of the economic risk factors of the functioning of the Ukrainian transport system

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Nataliia Bogdan ◽  
Sergii Pogasiy ◽  
Iryna Pysareva ◽  
Iuliia Krasnokutska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
External Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Economic Risk ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Resources And Capabilities

The purpose of this article is to research and to evaluate the risk factors of the transport system of Ukraine. The article examines the state of the transport system of Ukraine. The classification of specific risks of the transport system has been developed in two areas: the nature of occurrence and in relation to the transport system. The conceptual model of comprehensive research of the factors of economic risk has been proposed. It includes 4 modules. The approaches to the identification of the factors and indicators for assessing the economic risks of transport systems at the national and regional levels have been formed. In the result the comprehensive evaluation of the risk factors of regional transport system of Ukraine has been carried out. Identification of risks at the national and regional transport system is necessary for the effective strategy of the industry development through quantitative risk analysis which enables to give a real assessment of their own resources and capabilities in relation to the state (and needs) of the external environment. The rational choice of the strategies from a variety of options should be made on this basis.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Analysis of Bicycle Sharing Systems as Public Transport Systems Based on a Trip Index Classification

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4315
Author(s):  
Mark Richard Wilby ◽  
Juan José Vinagre Díaz ◽  
Rubén Fernández Pozo ◽  
Ana Belén Rodríguez González ◽  
José Manuel Vassallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Last Mile

Bicycle Sharing Systems (BSSs) are exponentially increasing in the urban mobility sector. They are traditionally conceived as a last-mile complement to the public transport system. In this paper, we demonstrate that BSSs can be seen as a public transport system in their own right. To do so, we build a mathematical framework for the classification of BSS trips. Using trajectory information, we create the trip index, which characterizes the intrinsic purpose of the use of BSS as transport or leisure. The construction of the trip index required a specific analysis of the BSS shortest path, which cannot be directly calculated from the topology of the network given that cyclists can find shortcuts through traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, etc. to reduce the overall traveled distance. Adding a layer of complication to the problem, these shortcuts have a non-trivial existence in terms of being intermittent, or short lived. We applied the proposed methodology to empirical data from BiciMAD, the public BSS in Madrid (Spain). The obtained results show that the trip index correctly determines transport and leisure categories, which exhibit distinct statistical and operational features. Finally, we inferred the underlying BSS public transport network and show the fundamental trajectories traveled by users. Based on this analysis, we conclude that 90.60% of BiciMAD’s use fall in the category of transport, which demonstrates our first statement.

scholarly journals Analysis of assessment criteria for selected systems of transport means operation

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Łukasz Muślewski ◽  
Leszek Knopik ◽  
Bogdan Landowski ◽  
Oleh Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Time Moment ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sociotechnical System ◽  
Human Driver ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
Technical Systems

The problems discussed in the study are connected with evaluation of complex technical systems functioning, in particular, transport systems. It was assumed that evaluation of their functioning depends on fulfilment degree of selected criteria. Therefore, it is important to determine a set of criteria including their type, number and importance. Since the research object is a public city transport system considered to be a sociotechnical system of the type: human (driver) –machine (vehicle) and the environment <H-M-E>, the criteria to be used for the assessment must include behavior of humans, operation of transport means, and the environmental impact. Thus, selection and determination of importance of significant, time variable, measurable and independent characteristics whose values, in a given time moment or a given time interval, define fulfillment degree of the criteria provide the basis for evaluation of such systems functioning. The quality of technical systems functioning in time is assessed on the basis of the criteria fulfilment degree or comparison and classification of different systems of the same type. It needs to be emphasized that the choice of optimal methods for selection of relevant criteria and determination of their impact on the analyzed system functioning is the research subject of study.

Mapping of the transport-ecological complex of the Baikal lake basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
T.B. Dashpilov
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Semantic Classification ◽  
Baikal Basin ◽  
Water Transportation ◽  
Lake Baikal Basin ◽  
Transport Maps ◽  
Transport Complex ◽  
The Impact

To create transport maps, we need detailed mapping of all objects, processes, phenomena, and interactions of the transport complex. For these purposes a semantic classification of cartographic signs transport systems of the region was developed. We analyzed a large number of maps of various geographical atlases of different territorial level. This semantic classification of transport maps ordered the structure of their thematic layers and the system of transport mapping in general. To display the impact of transport on the environment by several semantic parameters were selected. They characterize directly the transport complex and its separate indicators of impact of transport on the environment. A map of transport impact on the environment within the Lake Baikal basin was created. Using the maps, as well as other literary and statistical sources, we analyzed the transport impact within the Baikal basin. This analysis led to the conclusion that the greatest pollution of Lake Baikal basin comes from road and water transportation means.

scholarly journals Systems analysis of the issue of ensuring reliable operation of vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 03002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Tikhii ◽  
Viktor Kashkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Control Structures ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Effective Use

The paper describes relevance of the issue of ensuring reliable operation of vehicles for providing the required level of economic efficiency and safety of transportations via transport systems. Systems analysis method is used for solving the scientific problem. The place of vehicles is defined in the general classification of technical systems on the basis of systems analysis. The study proposes to divide the criteria of operational efficiency in accordance with the groups of properties of technical objects and shows their interrelation. As a result of the study, the generalized structure of integrated complexes of on-board equipment (ICOE) of vehicles is formed. Analysis of ICOE properties and their effect on the complex reliability is performed from the standpoint of systems approach is performed. Theoretical substantiation is provided for the necessity and the possibility of implementing the principles of survivability and fault tolerance of ICOE to ensure their effective use. The application of mutual control structures for the organization of on-board computer system diagnostics as a central part of ICOE is substantiated.

scholarly journals On the Principles of Design of Transport Nodes

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
P. A. Kozlov ◽  
S. P. Vakulenko ◽  
V. P. Kozlova ◽  
N. Yu. Evreenova
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Principles Of Design ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The methodology developed by the authors refers to designing, calculating, and optimising transport nodes based on the original systemic approach as a main method. The use of the methodology will make it possible to design transport nodes more rationally and to evaluate their development projects more correctly.A «system» is understood as a general natural form of structuring organised substance, which enables it to function stably in a changeable environment. The basic principles are formulated as follows: the system consists of elements, each of which is also a system; active self-maintenance is developed in the system, that is, active actions are counteracting external adverse influences; it is shown that self-maintenance is provided by adaptability, and in transport systems the self-maintenance is particularly provided by adaptive technology.A contradiction (a dialectical one) arises: on the one hand, the elements are independent systems that have their own system parameters and mechanisms for their active maintenance, and on the other hand, they are subordinate creatures capable of flexibly changing their work to maintain the parameters of the supersystem. It is necessary to find harmony between the levels of development of these opposite properties. Transport nodes are also considered from these systemic positions. Exposition of several definitions of nodes by leading national scientists is followed by a statement showing that they all contradict the new systemic approach.Suggested system definition of a node describes it as a set of stations. The authors also propose a new classification of transport nodes, formulate criteria for their rational design depending on the classes, and propose correct design and optimisation principles. 

Pediatric Emergencies

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 879-887
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Injured Child ◽  
Term Care

PREAMBLE The purpose of these guidelines for the classification of pediatric emergency services is (a) to allow any given community to identify the level of care available for the critically injured or ill pediatric patient, and (b) provide guidance to hospitals and EMS systems as to the resources necessary to provide optimal care to these children. This is a necessary step in the development of EMS systems that meet the needs of the pediatric patient. These systems require (1) patient and parent recognition of when to access the system and knowledge of how to access the system; (2) prehospital care providers with appropriate expertise in the assessment and treatment of infants, children, and adolescents; (3) regional networking of hospitals at varying levels of pediatric sophistication with transport systems to ensure that the critically ill or injured child is promptly identified, stabilized, and brought to the tertiary pediatric center; (4) primary and secondary centers that have the level of expertise to care for the bulk of pediatric patients; (5) the development of pediatric tertiary care facilities with pediatric subspecialist availability for the complex patients; (6) pediatric rehabilitation and long term care programs; and (7) audit and quality assurance programs to review the care rendered. This document only addresses one part of a system, the classification of hospital capabilities. The systems implementation process involves a triphasic approach: 1. The identification of the capabilities of an institution by that institution which will provide information on its compliance with the guidelines. 2. Verification of a given hospital's compliance or noncompliance with the guidelines by outside, noninvolved individuals, the verification site review.

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