AN ANALYSIS OF ABNORMAL RETURNS ASSOCIATED WITH STOCK SPLIT

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
JYOTI PANDEY ◽  
VINAY KANDPAL ◽  
NEERAJ NAUTIYAL
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Stock Splits ◽  
Event Window ◽  
Stock Split ◽  
Secondary Information ◽  
The Impact

A stock split is when a company’s outstanding shares are divided into multiple shares by issuing more shares to current shareholders without eroding their stake’s value. The company typically takes these actions to increase liquidity and marketability, lower stock prices, attract new investors and so on. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of stock splits on the stock returns during the study period. Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and those included in the S&P BSE 500 Index are included in the stock split data. The study period covers 14 years, between 2008 and 2021. Market model event study methodology is being employed to analyze the average abnormal returns (AARs), cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) and cumulative AAR (CAARs) using an event window period consisting of 31 days ([Formula: see text]). The study is largely based on secondary information from the CMIE Prowess IQ Database and the official BSE website. The [Formula: see text]-test, mean and standard deviation were used to investigate the influence of stock split announcements on share prices and the performance of stock splits before and after the announcement. The study found that on ([Formula: see text]), ([Formula: see text]), ([Formula: see text]) and ([Formula: see text]) and on the day of the announcement ([Formula: see text]), the market reacted favorably with significant positive abnormal returns. On ([Formula: see text]) and ([Formula: see text]) days, however, there were significant negative abnormal returns. The null hypothesis is accepted as the CAR for the whole 31-day event window, which is 0.0221, with a [Formula: see text]-statistic of 1.692, which is insignificant.

scholarly journals Impact of splits on stock splits ratios around announcement day: empirical evidence from India

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-359
Author(s):  
Anjali Gupta ◽  
Purushottam Kumar Arya
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Stock Splits ◽  
P Value ◽  
Share Prices ◽  
Stock Split ◽  
Percentage Basis ◽  
The Impact

Stock split should not have any impact on share prices, and there should be no value creation. The purpose of this study is to find any impact of stock splits announced in India between 1999 and 2019 on stock returns. The study aims to find differences in the impact of stock splits on stock returns with differences in stock split ratios. To examine the impact, the study includes 224 splits and adopts the standard event study methodology to find results. The presence of an abnormal return around split announcement day is the main factor, which determines the impact of stock split on the stocks. Average Abnormal Returns and Cumulative Average Abnormal Returns on percentage basis, z-test and p-value are used to statistically analyze the impact on stock prices around the announcement day of splits. These tests are used across different window periods (e.g., 20 days, 10 days and 5 days) around the event day (announcement day) to check if the impact of the event continues or decreases over time. The results point to a significant positive impact of stock splits on the returns of stock around the day the split was announced. The results also show that the impact is stronger for stock splits with ratios 10:1 (2.72 percent) and 10:2 (2.14 percent). It can be suggested that 10:1 and 10:2 are the most popular split ratios that receive maximum ongoing response to splits in the announcement window.

Impact of Stock Splits and Rights Issue Announcements on Market Price: Evidence from India

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babitha Rohit ◽  
Prakash Pinto ◽  
Shakila B.
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Stock Splits ◽  
Indian Stock Market ◽  
Rights Issue ◽  
The Impact

The current paper studies the impact of two events i.e stock splits and rights issue announcement on the stock returns of companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange. The study consists of a sample of 90 announcements for stock splits and 29 announcements for rights issue during the period 2011-2014. Market model is used to calculate the abnormal returns of securities. Positive Average Abnormal Returns were observed for the two events on the day their announcements, however they are not statistically significant. The study concludes that the Indian stock market is efficient in its semi-strong form.

The impact of qualified audit opinion on stock returns: an empirical study at Amman stock exchange

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Bayo Flees ◽  
Sulaiman Mouselli
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Going Concern ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Audit Opinions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of qualified audit opinions on the returns of stocks listed at Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) after the introduction of the recent amendments by the International Auditing and Assurance Standard Board (IAASB) on audits reporting and conclusions. It further investigates if results differ between first time qualified and sequenced qualifications, and between plain qualified opinion and qualifications with going concern. Design/methodology/approach Audit opinions’ announcements and stock returns data are collected from companies’ annual reports for the fiscal years 2016 to 2019 while stock returns are computed from stock closing prices published at ASE website. The authors apply the event study approach and use the market model to calculate normal returns. Cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) and average abnormal returns (AARs) are computed for all qualified audit opinions’ announcements. Findings The empirical evidence suggests that investors at ASE do not react to qualified audit opinions announcements. That is, the authors find an insignificant impact of qualified audit opinion announcements on stock returns using both CAR and AAR estimates. The results are robust to first time and sequenced qualifications, and for qualifications with going concern. Results are also robust to the use of risk adjusted market model. Research limitations/implications The insignificant impact of qualified audit opinions on stock returns have two potential conflicting research implications. First, the new amendments introduced to auditors’ report made them more informative and reduce the negative signals contained in the qualified opinions. That is, investors are now aware of the real causes of qualifications and not overreacting to the qualified opinion. Second, the documented insignificant impact confirms that ASE is not a semi-strong form efficient. Practical implications The apparent excessive use of qualifications should ring the bell on whether auditors misuse their power or companies are really in trouble. Hence, the Jordanian regulatory bodies need to warn auditors against the excessive use of qualifications on the one hand, and to raise the awareness of investors on the implications of auditors’ opinions on the other hand. Originality/value This study is innovative in twofold. First, it explores the impact of qualified audit opinions on stock returns after the introduction of new amendments by IAASB at ASE. In addition, it uses event study approach and distinguishes between first time qualified and sequenced qualifications, and between plain qualified opinion and qualifications with going concern. The results are consistent with efficient market theory and behavioral finance explanations.

scholarly journals Normal and reverse stock splits in the V4 countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Raisová ◽  
Martin Užik ◽  
Christian M. Hoffmeister
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Stock Splits ◽  
Announcement Date ◽  
Reverse Stock Splits ◽  
Stock Split ◽  
Reverse Stock Split ◽  
A Company

The economic crisis has forced managers of joint stock companies to look for short-term solutions for the sharp changes in stock prices of their companies. Even the companies of the V4 countries are not the exception. The authors have focused on those companies where have been used either reverse stock split or stock split. They analyzed the effects of the reverse stock split or stock splits on the abnormal returns of stocks. In this paper, the authors analyzed a dataset from 1993 until 2015 with 124 reverse stock splits and 184 stock splits in total focused on the stock market in V4. Based on their own research they conclude that when reverse stock splits were used stock returns significantly decreased one day around the announcement date. They conclude that managers of a company might use this instrument to move the stock price back to the optimal trading range outside of the penny stock area. In the case of stock splits, the authors concluded that the use of this tool results in a significant increase in the returns of a stock after the announcement date. However, the results are in contrast to some former studies which found no positive effect on the returns caused by stock splits. The authors conclude that managers of a company might use this instrument to transport information content of future (positive) performance of a company to the traders. Keywords: Vysegrad group countries, normal stock split, reverse stock split, abnormal returns. JEL Classification: G11, G23, G32

Individual investor attention to stock split and the disposition effect

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Kesuma ◽  
Irwan Adi Ekaputra ◽  
Dony Abdul Chalid
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Stock Splits ◽  
Disposition Effect ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Investor Attention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stock Split ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper investigates whether individual investors are attentive to stock splits and whether higher split ratios (stronger private information signals) reduce the disposition effect.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs stock split events and transaction data in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from January 2004 to December 2017. The authors measure individual investors' attention using buy-initiated trades. To test the effect of split signal on disposition effect, the authors regress individual investors' sell-initiated trades on past stock returns.FindingsUnlike Birru (2015), the authors find that individual investors are attentive to stock splits, especially when stock split ratios are high. In turn, stock splits tend to weaken the disposition effect. The higher the stock split ratios, the weaker the disposition effect.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has a limitation in that the authors exclude all stock splits with dividend events around the split date. These stock splits cover 37% of all splits in Indonesia.Practical implicationsPractically, individual investors should look for stock-related information to reduce disposition bias.Originality/valueTo the best of authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to test individual investors' attention on stock splits based on their buy-initiated trades. This study is also the first to test the impact of stock split ratios on the disposition effect reduction. This study's findings enrich the scant literature on individual investors' attention and how to reduce their disposition effect bias.

scholarly journals The Impact of Stock Dividends and Stock Splits on Shares’ Prices: Evidence from Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Abd ElKhalek El Ansary ◽  
Mervat Hussien El-Azab
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Stock Splits ◽  
Stock Split ◽  
Corporate Actions ◽  
Stock Dividends ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to examine the effect of two types of corporate actions,“Stock Split” and “Stock Dividends”, on the shares’ prices, liquidity changes, and price volatility; and to investigate the efficiency of the Egyptian stock market in response to the announcement of the corporate actions. The research provides the investors with a scientific tool to predict and explain changes in stock prices in response to announced corporate actions and to improve their investment decision-making process.The objective is to investigate whether the two actions collectively or independently have a positive impact on the prices of the related stocks listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange (EGX), and assess the similarities and dissimilarities between their individual impacts.We applied the “Event Study” approach to measure the impact of the stock splits and stock dividends announcement on the stock prices through measuring the cumulated average abnormal return (CAAR) resulted from events to assess their impact on the stock performance around the announcement day (for a period of 30 prior and 30 days post announcement) as applied before by Terhi (2011).  The analysis concluded that the announcement of both of stock split and stock dividend has a positive impact on stock prices. This positive impact drove the authors to test the efficiency of EGX in respect of the impact of the announcement the corporate actions to the public investors. A correlation analysis is performed to reflect this impact. 

scholarly journals The Impact of Tax Amnesty Announcement towards Share Performance and Market Reaction in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Lidya Agustina ◽  
Yuliana Gunawan ◽  
Windawaty Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Stock Return ◽  
Market Reaction ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Tax Amnesty ◽  
The Impact

The Indonesian Government reviewed back the tax amnesty in 2016. Various reactions came up along with the announcement of tax amnesty, the investors did not accept- which led to the announcement of the Tax Forgiveness regulation through the market reactions and stock market performances in Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research is to analyze event study using information based on government-related announcements to show the impact of the new regulation towards stock performance and market reaction. The effect of the announcement will be seen from the changes in stock-prices or stock-returns that provide abnormal returns in the event period as well as market reaction which reflected in trading volume. This research used stock-return data and trading volume from all companies listed in IDX in 2016 and analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test method. The result of this research shows there are differences among the average of stock-return, average abnormal-return of stock, and stock trading volume before and after the tax amnesty announcement.

The announcement and implementation reaction to China's margin trading and short selling pilot programme

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saqib Sharif ◽  
Hamish D. Anderson ◽  
Ben R. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Event Study ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Short Selling ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Short Sales ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pilot Programme ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the announcement and implementation of short sales and margin trading regulation affects Chinese stock returns and trading volume. On 31 March 2010, the Chinese regulators launched a pilot programme, allowing short sales and margin trading for 50 Shanghai Stock Exchange and 40 Shenzhen Stock Exchange stocks. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses an event study approach to compare market model abnormal returns (ARs) of the pilot firms with two distinct matched firm samples. A volume event study is also conducted to examine abnormal trading activity surrounding the key events in the pilot stocks. Findings – Negative ARs follow both the announcement and implementation of short selling and margin trading. This suggests the negative impact of short sales dominates the positive impact of margin trading on an average. Volume also declines, which is consistent with uninformed investors’ seeking to avoid trading against informed traders. Originality/value – The paper appears to be the first to address the impact of both the announcement and implementation of short selling and margin trading rule changes on returns and liquidity using individual stock data.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF DIVIDEND ANNOUNCEMENT ON STOCK RETURNS AMONG THE TEN TOP COMPANIES IN PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubair Tanveer ◽  
Muhammad Zul Azri Muhammad Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Insider Trading ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Market Abuse ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The study tested the response of stock prices around the dividend declaration dates in Pakistan stock exchange. It estimated the data of 1110 dividends announced by 91 firms of the highest ten active sectors of Pakistan Stock Exchange. To empirically investigate the relationship between stock returns and dividend announcement, the panel regression was employed by creating dummy variables for 61 days around the dividend declaration dates. Cumulative average abnormal returns and average abnormal returns were also stimated around the events with the help of event study methodology. Outcomes of the empirical analysis revealed strong evidence of market abuse in the term of insider trading and supported the argument of the information content hypothesis and semistrong form of efficient market. Moreover, the study also found a robust impact of the probable ex-dividend date. The study recommended that it is a responsibility of stock exchange regulatory authorities, whistleblowers, registered companies, and the investors collectively to detect and punish this white-collar financial crime.  

scholarly journals Can Analysts Really Forecast? Evidence from the Karachi Stock Exchange

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-109
Author(s):  
Haris Bin Jamil ◽  
Aisha Ghazi Aurakzai ◽  
Muhammad Subayyal
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Price Pressure ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of analysts’ recommendations on stock prices listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange for the period 2006–12. The recommendations are extracted from the daily Morning Shout report published by Khadim Ali Shah Bukhari Securities Ltd (KASB), which provides buy and sell recommendations for different stocks. We use the market model to estimate the abnormal returns around the recommendation dates for these securities. The study also investigates whether the abnormal returns are due to price pressure or information content. We find that investors earn abnormal returns on the basis of analysts’ recommendations for these securities. The results are robust in considering only the sub-sample subsequent to 2008’s global financial crisis, and are also consistent with the information content hypothesis and price pressure hypothesis.

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