scholarly journals The Wireless Control Bus: Enabling Efficient Multi-Hop Event-Triggered Control with Concurrent Transmissions

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Matteo Trobinger ◽  
Gabriel de Albuquerque Gleizer ◽  
Timofei Istomin ◽  
Manuel Mazo ◽  
Amy L. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Networked Control Systems ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Wireless Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Event Triggered

Event-triggered control ( ETC ) holds the potential to significantly improve the efficiency of wireless networked control systems. Unfortunately, its real-world impact has hitherto been hampered by the lack of a network stack able to transfer its benefits from theory to practice specifically by supporting the latency and reliability requirements of the aperiodic communication ETC induces. This is precisely the contribution of this article. Our Wireless Control Bus ( WCB ) exploits carefully orchestrated network-wide floods of concurrent transmissions to minimize overhead during quiescent, steady-state periods, and ensures timely and reliable collection of sensor readings and dissemination of actuation commands when an ETC triggering condition is violated. Using a cyber-physical testbed emulating a water distribution system controlled over a real-world multi-hop wireless network, we show that ETC over WCB achieves the same quality of periodic control at a fraction of the energy costs, therefore unleashing and concretely demonstrating its full potential for the first time.

scholarly journals A Head Formulation for the Steady-State Analysis of Water Distribution Systems Using an Explicit and Exact Expression of the Colebrook–White Equation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1163
Author(s):  
Mengning Qiu ◽  
Avi Ostfeld
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Exact Expression ◽  
Contamination Source

Steady-state demand-driven water distribution system (WDS) solution is the bedrock for much research conducted in the field related to WDSs. WDSs are modeled using the Darcy–Weisbach equation with the Swamee–Jain equation. However, the Swamee–Jain equation approximates the Colebrook–White equation, errors of which are within 1% for ϵ/D∈[10−6,10−2] and Re∈[5000,108]. A formulation is presented for the solution of WDSs using the Colebrook–White equation. The correctness and efficacy of the head formulation have been demonstrated by applying it to six WDSs with the number of pipes ranges from 454 to 157,044 and the number of nodes ranges from 443 to 150,630. The addition of a physically and fundamentally more accurate WDS solution method can improve the quality of the results achieved in both academic research and industrial application, such as contamination source identification, water hammer analysis, WDS network calibration, sensor placement, and least-cost design and operation of WDSs.

Understanding and forecasting taste-and-odour formation in a drinking water distribution system: case study of Lyon (France)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Corbi ◽  
Valérie Jacquemet ◽  
Alain Quendo ◽  
Francine Manciot ◽  
Adeline Lamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
First Results ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation

Lyon, France has the opportunity to distribute in abundance a groundwater resource with a good quality for drinking water. However, the length and the complexity of the distribution network can lead to consumer complaints in some areas of the water distribution system. In order to improve the organoleptic quality of distributed water, the water supplier wants to get a better understanding of potential taste and odour formation and to succeed in controlling it. Since 2006, activities have been taken with targeted analyses and sensory evaluation of water, taking into account both the consumers' private networks and the citywide distribution network. The first results were focused on the occurrence of bromophenols along the water distribution system, the understanding of the mechanisms of formation of such compounds, as well as their incidence on taste-and-odour events at the consumer's home.

scholarly journals Analisis Sistem Distribusi Air Bersih di Perumahan Ciomas Permai Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-120
Author(s):  
Kiki Rizky Fauziah ◽  
Nora Pandjaitan ◽  
Titiek Ujianti Karunia
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Customer Requirements

Water distribution systems are often problematic in terms of quantity, pressure, continuity and quality. The research aimed to analyze water distribution system of PDAM Tirta Kahuripan Kabupaten Bogor in Ciomas Permai Residence. The research was conducted by collecting primary and secondary data. Analysis of clean water distribution system was carried out using the EPANET 2.0. Ciomas Permai Residence was located in zone 6 of PDAM Tirta Kahuripan servive areas. The result showed that the quality of the distributed water was in accordance with the applicable standard and continuous for 24 hours even though there were significant discharge differences during peak hours. Based on the measurement on Sunday and Monday, the minimum discharge were 14.4 l/sec and 13.8 l/sec respectively, higher than customer requirements of 7.34 l/sec, The water distribution pressure ranged from 0.7 - 1.35 bar. The result of clean water distribution simulation using EPANET 2.0 showed that the velocity of water and headloss were not accordance with the applicable standards.

Collaborative & Multidiscipline Working - From Theory to Practice in 48 Hours

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Comiskey ◽  
Mark McKane ◽  
Eóin O'Shea ◽  
John Hughes ◽  
Sean McNiff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Collaborative Working ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time ◽  
Level 2

Latest statistics would indicate that the policy related to Building Information Modelling (BIM) implementation is working, with awareness and usage figures for both the UK and Ireland going over the 50% mark for the first time. However, whilst these results are positive, there is a realisation that there is still a distance to travel before BIM use could be considered comprehensive. This would suggest that there is still a need for a greater number of case studies to promote collaborative working practices, the BIM process and the benefits and challenges associated with its use. This paper intends to assist in this regard by documenting the outcomes from a 48-hour BIM competition in which the authors participated. Although the project was hypothetical, it allowed for collaborative working via a cloud based platform, simulating real world practice and many of the working methods required to deliver BIM Level 2. The paper will focus on providing critical analysis of the challenges faced and the lessons to be learnt from the implementation of BIM processes on this project.

THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER IN SIGHETU MARMAŢIEI, MARAMUREŞ, ROMANIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Valeria Mirela Brezoczki ◽  
◽  
Gabriela Maria Filip ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Baia Mare ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

This paper presents the analysis of the quality indicator of a subterranean raw water source, captured in Crăciunesti, Sighetu Marmatiei, followed by the description of the technological flow of capturing and chlorinating water with the aim of making it drinkable, and the analysis of the obtained values of the physical, chemical and bacteriological indicators. The period within which water quality was monitored for this paper covers four months (December 2016, March, April and May 2017). Within this period the analyses regarding water quality control were carried out by the laboratory of the Water Treatment Baia Mare. The analysis of the obtained results highlighted a series of problems regarding the existence of certain indicators/parameters with values above the legally admissible threshold with regard to water quality. The manganese found in raw water exceeds the admissible threshold by 160%, in December 2016, and by 120% in March 2017, but it is within limits during the months of April and May. The occurrence of colonies developed at 37 °C and 22°C in the raw water requires chemical treatment of the raw water aimed at disinfecting it. The parameters of drinking water correspond to the values admissible through the laws in force, the water being distributed to the consumers through the Drinking water distribution system in Sighetu Marmatiei.

scholarly journals The effect of the mixing of water from different sources in the water supply system on tap water quality – a full-scale technical investigation case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-312
Author(s):  
A. Szuster-Janiaczyk ◽  
J. Bylka
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Tap Water Quality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The paper presents a detailed analysis of the quality of water pumped into a network and sampled from 39 monitoring points located on the network. A difference in the quality of water sampled from two different sources was demonstrated, as well as the impact of the mixing of the two waters in the water distribution system (WDS) on tap water quality. A mathematical model was used to identify the zones of water mixing and the areas of unfavourable hydraulic conditions (low flow rates and long retention times).

scholarly journals Visualisation of the combinatorial effects within evolutionary algorithms: the compass plot

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Miaoting Guan ◽  
Wen Huang ◽  
Libing Wang ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Algorithms ◽  
Real World ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Effective Decision Making ◽  
Real World Problems

Abstract Applications of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) to real-world problems are usually hindered due to parameterisation issues and computational efficiency. This paper shows how the combinatorial effects related to the parameterisation issues of EAs can be visualised and extracted by the so-called compass plot. This new plot is inspired by the traditional Chinese compass used for navigation and geomantic detection. We demonstrate the value of the proposed compass plot in two scenarios with application to the optimal design of the Hanoi water distribution system. One is to identify the dominant parameters in the well-known NSGA-II. The other is to seek the efficient combinations of search operators embedded in Borg, which uses an ensemble of search operators by auto-adapting their use at runtime to fit an optimisation problem. As such, the implicit and vital interdependency among parameters and search operators can be intuitively demonstrated and identified. In particular, the compass plot revealed some counter-intuitive relationships among the algorithm parameters that led to a considerable change in performance. The information extracted, in turn, facilitates a deeper understanding of EAs and better practices for real-world cases, which eventually leads to more cost-effective decision-making.

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