scholarly journals Sauropus androgynus(L.) Merr. Induced Bronchiolitis Obliterans: From Botanical Studies to Toxicology

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidun Bunawan ◽  
Siti Noraini Bunawan ◽  
Syarul Nataqain Baharum ◽  
Normah Mohd. Noor
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Bronchiolitis Obliterans ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Pulmonary Dysfunction ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Excessive Consumption

Sauropus androgynusL. Merr. is one of the most popular herbs in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and China where it was known as a slimming agent until two outbreaks of pulmonary dysfunction were reported in Taiwan and Japan in 1995 and 2005, respectively. Several studies described that the excessive consumption ofSauropus androgynuscould cause drowsiness, constipation, and bronchiolitis obliterans and may lead to respiratory failure. Interestingly, this herb has been used in Malaysia and Indonesia in cooking and is commonly called the “multigreen” or “multivitamin” plant due to its high nutritive value and inexpensive source of dietary protein. The plant is widely used in traditional medicine for wound healing, inducing lactation, relief of urinary disorders, as an antidiabetic cure and also fever reduction. Besides these medicinal uses, the plant can also be used as colouring agent in food. This review will explore and compile the fragmented knowledge available on the botany, ethnobotany, chemical constitutes, pharmacological properties, and toxicological aspects of this plant. This comprehensive review will give readers the fundamental, comprehensive, and current knowledge regardingSauropus androgynusL. Merr.

Amruthapala (Decalepis arayalpathra (J. Joseph and V. Chandras.) Venter): A Comprehensive Review on Diversity, Therapeutic Uses, and Valorization of Bioactive Constituents

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Mishra ◽  
Nupur Srivastava ◽  
Velusamy Sundaresan ◽  
Karuna Shanker
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Decalepis Arayalpathra

Background: Decalepis arayalpathra (J. Joseph and V. Chandras.) Venter is used primarily for nutrition besides its therapeutic values. Traditional preparations/formulations from its tuber are used as a vitalizer and blood purifier drink. The folklore medicinal uses cover inflammation, cough, wound healing, antipyretic, and digestive system management. A comprehensive review of the current understanding of the plant is required due to emerging concerns over its safety and efficacy. Objective: The systematic collection of the authentic information from different sources with the critical discussion is summarised in order to address various issues related to botanical identity, therapeutic medicine, nutritional usage, phytochemical, and pharmacological potentials of the D. arayalpathra. Current use of traditional systems of medicine can be used to expand future research opportunities. Materials and Methods: Available scripted information was collected manually, from peered review research papers and international databases viz. Science Direct, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Scopus, etc. The unpublished resources which were not available in database were collected through the classical books of ‘Ayurveda’ and ‘Siddha’ published in regional languages. The information from books, Ph.D. and MSc dissertations, conference papers and government reports were also collected. We thoroughly screened the scripted information of classical books, titles, abstracts, reports, and full-texts of the journals to establish the reliability of the content. Results: Tuber bearing vanilla like signature flavor is due to the presence of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (HMB). Among five other species, Decalepis arayalpathra (DA) has come under the ‘critically endangered’ category, due to over-exploitation for traditional, therapeutic and cool drink use. The experimental studies proved that it possesses gastro-protective, anti-tumor, and antiinflammatory activities. Some efforts were also made to develop better therapeutics by logical modifications in 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde, which is a major secondary metabolite of D. arayalpathra. ‘Amruthapala’ offers the enormous opportunity to develop herbal drink with health benefits like gastro-protective, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Results: The plant has the potential to generate the investigational new lead (IND) based on its major secondary metabolite i.e. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde. The present mini-review summarizes the current knowledge on Decalepis arayalpathra, covering its phytochemical diversity, biological potentials, strategies for its conservation, and intellectual property rights (IPR) status. Chemical Compounds: 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 69600), α-amyrin acetate (Pubchem CID: 293754), Magnificol (Pubchem CID: 44575983), β-sitosterol (Pubchem CID: 222284), 3-hydroxy-p-anisaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 12127), Naringenin (Pubchem CID: 932), Kaempferol (Pubchem CID: 5280863), Aromadendrin (Pubchem CID: 122850), 3-methoxy-1,2-cyclopentanedione (Pubchem CID: 61209), p-anisaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 31244), Menthyl acetate (Pubchem CID: 27867), Benzaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 240), p-cymene (Pubchem CID: 7463), Salicylaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 6998), 10-epi-γ-eudesmol (Pubchem CID: 6430754), α -amyrin (Pubchem CID: 225688), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehyde (Pubchem CID: 12127).

scholarly journals Pharmacological properties of glabridin (a flavonoid extracted from licorice): A comprehensive review

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 104638
Author(s):  
Chun-xiao Li ◽  
Tian-hao Li ◽  
Mei Zhu ◽  
Jiang Lai ◽  
Zhi-peng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Comprehensive Review

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on Solitary Fibrous Tumor: New Insights for New Horizons

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2913
Author(s):  
Javier Martin-Broto ◽  
Jose L. Mondaza-Hernandez ◽  
David S. Moura ◽  
Nadia Hindi
Keyword(s):  
Solitary Fibrous Tumor ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fusion Transcript ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
In Series ◽  
Prospective Phase ◽  
Fibrous Tumor

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal, ubiquitous tumor, with an incidence of 1 new case/million people/year. In the 2020 WHO classification, risk stratification models were recommended as a better tool to determine prognosis in SFT, to the detriment of “typical” or “malignant” classic terms. The risk for metastasis is up to 35–45%, or even greater, in series with a longer follow-up. Over the last few decades, advances in immunohistochemistry and molecular diagnostics identified STAT6 nuclear protein expression and the NAB2–STAT6 fusion gene as more precise tools for SFT diagnosis. Recent evidence taken from retrospective series and from two prospective phase II clinical trials showed that antiangiogenics are active and their sequential use from first line should be considered, except for dedifferentiated SFT for which chemotherapy is the best option. Since the fusion transcript driver’s first description in 2013, new insights have been brought on key molecular events in SFT. This comprehensive review mainly focuses on the superior efficacy of antiangiogenics over chemotherapeutic agents in SFT, provides the current knowledge of key molecules that could co-drive the SFT behavior, and suggests new target candidates that deserve to be explored in preclinical and clinical research in SFT.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Transfer in Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3245
Author(s):  
Luca X. Zampieri ◽  
Catarina Silva-Almeida ◽  
Justin D. Rondeau ◽  
Pierre Sonveaux
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cancer Cell Proliferation ◽  
Tunneling Nanotubes ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Cancer Cell Death ◽  
Mitochondrial Transfer ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Depending on their tissue of origin, genetic and epigenetic marks and microenvironmental influences, cancer cells cover a broad range of metabolic activities that fluctuate over time and space. At the core of most metabolic pathways, mitochondria are essential organelles that participate in energy and biomass production, act as metabolic sensors, control cancer cell death, and initiate signaling pathways related to cancer cell migration, invasion, metastasis and resistance to treatments. While some mitochondrial modifications provide aggressive advantages to cancer cells, others are detrimental. This comprehensive review summarizes the current knowledge about mitochondrial transfers that can occur between cancer and nonmalignant cells. Among different mechanisms comprising gap junctions and cell-cell fusion, tunneling nanotubes are increasingly recognized as a main intercellular platform for unidirectional and bidirectional mitochondrial exchanges. Understanding their structure and functionality is an important task expected to generate new anticancer approaches aimed at interfering with gains of functions (e.g., cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance) or damaged mitochondria elimination associated with mitochondrial transfer.

Comprehensive Review on Hydrogels

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitesh Chopra ◽  
Inderbir Singh ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Tanima Bhattacharya ◽  
Md. Habibur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Bone Engineering ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Repeated Dosing

: The conventional drug delivery systems have a long list of issues of repeated dosing and toxicity arising due to it. The hydrogels are the answer to them and offer a result that minimizes such activities and optimizes therapeutic benefits. The hydrogels proffer tunable properties that can withstand degradation, metabolism, and controlled release moieties. Some of the areas of applications of hydrogels involve wound healing, ocular systems, vaginal gels, scaffolds for tissue, bone engineering, etc. They consist of about 90% of the water that makes them suitable bio-mimic moiety. Here, we present a birds-eye view of various perspectives of hydrogels, along with their applications.

Gymnanthemum coloratum: Review of its Medicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties -

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 196-204
Author(s):  
Alfred Maroyi
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activities

Gymnanthemum coloratum is a shrub or a small tree widely used as traditional medicine throughout its distributional range in tropical Africa. The current study is aimed at reviewing the phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and medicinal uses of G. coloratum. Literature on pharmacological properties, phytochemistry and medicinal uses of G. coloratum was obtained from numerous internet sources such as Scopus, Elsevier, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, BMC and Web of Science. Other sources of information included pre-electronic sources such as journal articles, theses, book chapters, books and other scientific publications obtained from the university library. The articles published between 1964 and 2020 were used in this study. The current study showed that G. coloratum is used as an anthelmintic, and traditional medicine for reproductive problems, schistosomiasis, liver diseases, sexually transmitted infections, diabetes, sores and wounds, respiratory problems, malaria, skin diseases, fever and gastro-intestinal problems. Ethnopharmacological research identified glaucolides, lactones, amino acids, essential oils, alkaloids, anthocyanins, cardenolids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, leucoanthocyanins, phenols, quinones, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids and triterpenes from the aerial parts, leaves, roots and stems of G. coloratum. The aerial parts, leaves, roots and whole plant parts of G. coloratum and compounds isolated from the species exhibited anthelmintic, antimicrobial, anti-Blastocystis, anti-inflammatory, anti-sickling, insecticidal and larvicidal, antiplasmodial, antimalarial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-Toxoplasma, hypoglycaemic and antidiabetic and cytotoxicity activities. Gymnanthemum coloratum should be subjected to detailed phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological evaluations aimed at correlating its medicinal uses with its phytochemistry and pharmacological activities.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on Therapeutic Potential on Euphorbia hirta Lin

2021 ◽  
pp. 713-718
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi Kalode ◽  
Manish Gagarani ◽  
Devyani Awari ◽  
Swapnali Mankar ◽  
Ashwini Armarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Euphorbia Hirta ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
Plant Components

Euphorbia hirta Linn, a representative of the Euphorbiaceae family, is a widespread annual herb found in wastelands in humid conditions. The plant is high in phytochemicals such as tannin, quercetin, and phytosterol, however there are few phytopharmacological investigations on it. Plant components are normally employed in traditional medicine to treat respiratory problems, gastrointestinal issues, wound healing, and other ailments. The steroid of E. hirta was found to have CNS depressive and muscle relaxant effects, as well as a sub-maximal anti-stress and anxiolytic impact.

scholarly journals Medicinal Uses of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.): A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
pp. 668-675
Author(s):  
Fizza Mubarik ◽  
Sana Noreen ◽  
Fatima Farooq ◽  
Mudassir Khan ◽  
Ahasan Ullah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra L

Innumerable plants have been used widely as integral medicinal sources since the start of human civilization. The demand for herbal medicines is constantly increasing with time overtime. Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra family Leguminosae) is one of the most used herbal plants in foods, in medicinal forms, and substantially researched on a worldwide scale. It was used as traditional and complementary medicine against innumerable ailments including allergies, liver toxicity, gastric ulcer, lung diseases, skin disorders, oral health problems including tooth decay, and inflammation. The constituents of licorice include various essential oils, sugars, inorganic salts, resins, amino acids, and nucleic acids. Biological activity has been observed to be portrayed by active compounds of licorice including triterpene, flavonoids, and saponins. In recent years, licorice has been widely researched to discover its benefits, constituents, and its mechanism of action. The review summarizes the therapeutic and pharmacological benefits of licorice and its uses in different health-related conditions along with its toxicity and maximum levels of licorice consumption.

scholarly journals Bauhinia purpurea: An Updated Pharmacological Profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
SumitKArora ◽  
◽  
MaviyaHussain ◽  
SubhashRYende ◽  
KeshavMoharir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Cytoprotective Activity ◽  
Bauhinia Purpurea ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

Bauhinia purpurea (B. purpurea) (family: Fabaceae) commonly called as butter fly tree has vast medicinal uses and remarkable pharmacological potential. Various phytoconstituents, extracts and parts of this plant were possess significant pharmacological activities such as cardiac activity, antifungal, wound healing, antidiabetic, antiulcer, antioxidant, antinociceptive, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antidiarrhoeal, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, antimalarial, gastro protective and cytoprotective activity. The present study emphasizes the overview of recent studies and/or updates on pharmacological potential of B. purpurea.

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