Alternative environment activities on both sides of the Atlantic: A Canada-Ireland consideration and comparison

2021 ◽  
pp. 1356336X2098588
Author(s):  
Daniel B Robinson ◽  
Nathan Hall ◽  
José da Costa ◽  
Brent Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Traditional Sports ◽  
Development Participation ◽  
Ice Water ◽  
Nova Scotian

Due to the overemphasis of traditional sports at the expense of other movement domains in physical education (PE) programmes, there is a need to consider what factors might enable or limit PE teachers’ incorporation of some of these other domains that can support student learning. The focus of this article is on one such marginalized domain – alternative environment activities (AEAs). AEAs can afford students a breadth of opportunities for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in different environments (i.e. land, snow and ice, water, air) and improve environmental awareness and stewardship. This article reports on a comparative investigation of Nova Scotian (Canadian) and Irish PE teachers’ incorporation of AEAs in their PE programmes. To understand what similarities or differences might exist with respect to these PE teachers’ incorporation of AEAs, along with existing enablers and barriers, a self-selected sample of current PE teachers (Nova Scotia = 53; Ireland = 64) completed a 22-item online questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were employed to conduct comparisons among the two data sets. PE teachers’ understandings of curricular requirements for AEAs were found to be an issue in both Nova Scotia and Ireland. Reported significant differences include: AEA-related professional development participation; most important factors for deciding not to include AEAs; and feelings of school administrative support towards AEA incorporation. Findings also suggest that various issues may be hindering incorporation of AEAs in PE programmes, and that some of these issues do differ based on where the PE programme is situated.

Eighteenth-Century Sierra Leone English

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
African American ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
American English ◽  
African American English ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nova Scotian

This essay examines the language of an expatriate community as found in letters and petitions written by African Americans who migrated to Sierra Leone by way of Nova Scotia in 1792. These documents provide some of the earliest first-hand evidence of African American English and contribute to debates about the history of that variety. The paper compares selected grammatical features in that variety to modern-day African Nova Scotian English for insights to the history of African American English and develops a case for the principled use of manuscript documents for reconstructing earlier stages of colloquial English.

scholarly journals Overview and sample applications of SMILES and Odin-SMR retrievals of upper tropospheric humidity and cloud ice mass

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 12613-12629 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Eriksson ◽  
B. Rydberg ◽  
H. Sagawa ◽  
M. S. Johnston ◽  
Y. Kasai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Models ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Monte Carlo Integration ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Retrieval Scheme ◽  
Cloud Ice ◽  
Ice Water

Abstract. Retrievals of cloud ice mass and humidity from the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES) and the Odin-SMR (Sub-Millimetre Radiometer) limb sounder are presented and example applications of the data are given. SMILES data give an unprecedented view of the diurnal variation of cloud ice mass. Mean regional diurnal cycles are reported and compared to some global climate models. Some improvements in the models regarding diurnal timing and relative amplitude were noted, but the models' mean ice mass around 250 hPa is still low compared to the observations. The influence of the ENSO (El Niño–Southern Oscillation) state on the upper troposphere is demonstrated using 12 years of Odin-SMR data. The same retrieval scheme is applied for both sensors, and gives low systematic differences between the two data sets. A special feature of this Bayesian retrieval scheme, of Monte Carlo integration type, is that values are produced for all measurements but for some atmospheric states retrieved values only reflect a priori assumptions. However, this "all-weather" capability allows a direct statistical comparison to model data, in contrast to many other satellite data sets. Another strength of the retrievals is the detailed treatment of "beam filling" that otherwise would cause large systematic biases for these passive cloud ice mass retrievals. The main retrieval inputs are spectra around 635/525 GHz from tangent altitudes below 8/9 km for SMILES/Odin-SMR, respectively. For both sensors, the data cover the upper troposphere between 30° S and 30° N. Humidity is reported as both relative humidity and volume mixing ratio. The vertical coverage of SMILES is restricted to a single layer, while Odin-SMR gives some profiling capability between 300 and 150 hPa. Ice mass is given as the partial ice water path above 260 hPa, but for Odin-SMR ice water content, estimates are also provided. Besides a smaller contrast between most dry and wet cases, the agreement with Aura MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder) humidity data is good. In terms of tropical mean humidity, all three data sets agree within 3.5 %RHi. Mean ice mass is about a factor of 2 lower compared to CloudSat. This deviation is caused by the fact that different particle size distributions are assumed, combined with saturation and a priori influences in the SMILES and Odin-SMR data.

STUDIES ON THE APOIDEA OF WESTERN NOVA SCOTIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO VISITORS TO APPLE BLOOM

1933 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Atwood
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Simple Type ◽  
Nest Construction ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Nova Scotian

This paper describes the results of studies on the wild bees of Nova Scotia, which were carried out in connection with apple pollination investigations in the Annapolis-Cornwallis Valley, Nova Scotia.The biology of the Apoidea in general is reviewed from the literature, and a list of bees taken on apple bloom is given. As the members of the genera Halictus and Andrena were found to be the most important native pollinators, the greater part of the paper is devoted to accounts of the habits and life histories of representative species.The members of the genus Andrena were found to have a simple type, such as is generally found among solitary bees. The females provision the nest and then die; the larvae develop to the pupal stage in their underground cells, then emerge as adults the following season. All Nova Scotian species studied were one-generation forms.The bees of the genus Halictus show a primitive social organization, more complex in some species than in others. The first brood consists of females only, which are apparently sterile and work at nest construction, the gathering of pollen, etc. They are followed later in the season by a brood of males and females; these females, after being fertilized, hibernate for the winter, while the males die in the fall. The hibernating habits of different species are described, and notes are given on some parasites and inquilines of the two genera.

scholarly journals Understanding Online Fast Fashion Evaluative Cues Used By Generation Y and Z Consumers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Chan
Keyword(s):  
Generation Y ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Generational Cohorts ◽  
Online Retailing ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Fast Fashion ◽  
Shopping Behaviour ◽  
Spss Software

Fast fashion and online retailing are growing at incredible rates. Simultaneously, Generation Y and Z consumers are becoming increasingly important generational cohorts to understand due to their population size and growing spending power. This quantitative research study explores the salient apparel and key online retailing cues used during decision-making by a Canadian consumer sample of 416 individuals, from both generational cohorts, when shopping online for fast fashion. Data collected is also used to make preliminary findings on online promotional and advertising cues used by both generational cohorts. Shopping behaviour is clustered to provide actionable insight, and retailer recommendations are made based on data collected from this study. An online questionnaire survey has been used to collect data, and IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to analyze all data sets.

Thermal history and subsidence of rifted continental margins—evidence from wells on the Nova Scotian and Labrador Shelves

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Keen
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Time History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tectonic Subsidence ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Thermal Cooling ◽  
Nova Scotian ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Cooling Model

The subsidence histories of the Labrador and Nova Scotian rifted continental margins have been determined from biostratigraphic data for 11 deep exploratory wells off Nova Scotia, for five wells off Labrador, for three wells northeast of Newfoundland, and for one well off the northeast coast of the United States of America. The components of subsidence, due to sediment loading, and when possible due to loading by changes in eustatic sea level, were removed, leaving that part of the subsidence, the tectonic subsidence, caused by cooling of the lithosphere or by other deep seated processes. The thermal cooling model theoretically predicts a linear relationship between tectonic subsidence and t½, where t is the time since subsidence began. This relationship should be obeyed during the first tens of Ma of subsidence. The slope of this curve depends upon the temperature to which the crust and upper mantle were heated during the initial rifting stage and can be used to derive the temperature–time history within the sediments, the present temperature distribution, and geothermal gradient. The data show that the observed subsidence curves behave in accordance with the thermal cooling model, at least during the first 80 Ma after subsidence began and obey the equation y = 300(± 80)t1/2 m, where y is the tectonic subsidence. The slopes of the subsidence curves are similar for the Labrador Shelf, the Nova Scotian Shelf, and the shelf off the northeastern U.S.A. More rapid and variable subsidence occurs northeast of Newfoundland and this may be associated, in a way yet to be established, with the anomalous foundered continental crust near the Orphan Knoll and Flemish Cap micro-continents which lie close to this area. After about 80 Ma, the subsidence appears to depart from the linear t1/2 law in a manner similar to the subsidence curves for oceanic crust, but this is not well established by the data. The present temperatures and temperature gradients computed using the slope of the subsidence curves show good agreement with measured values; geothermal gradients of 17.5 °C km−1 and 26 °C km−1 are calculated off Nova Scotia and Labrador respectively, and mean values of about 23 °C km−1 are observed. The computed temperature–time history within the sediments was used to estimate values of vitrinite reflectance, an indicator of the degree of organic metamorphism. These values show reasonable agreement with the measured values and suggest that only the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sediments off Nova Scotia and the Paleocene sediments off Labrador are sufficiently mature to be good sources of petroleum. The linear t1/2 behaviour of the subsidence, and the good agreement between predicted and observed temperatures support the contention that cooling is largely responsible for the observed tectonic subsidence. The similarity of results from different areas suggests that the usefulness of the method is not restricted to a particular geographical area and may be applied to other rifted continental margins. Comparisons between the subsidence rates, thermal histories, and crustal structure at rifted margins on a worldwide scale may provide insights concerning the processes controlling their development. The temperature–time histories of the sediments estimated from the subsidence may be useful in establishing the potential of a rifted margin area for petroleum generation when little other information is available.

scholarly journals Evidence for the Collection of a Reddish Egret (Egretta rufescens) in Nova Scotia During the 19th Century and its Association with the McCulloch Collection of Birds

2013 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Eric L. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Historical Society ◽  
Egretta Rufescens ◽  
Annapolis Valley ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Nova Scotian ◽  
Lines Of Evidence ◽  
Thomas Mcculloch

Based on several lines of evidence, a specimen of an adult white-morph Reddish Egret (Egretta rufescens) now on display in the Macdonald Museum of the Annapolis Valley Historical Society in Middleton, Nova Scotia, probably originated from the 19th-century Nova Scotian bird collections of Thomas McCulloch senior (1776–1843) and his son Thomas (1809–1865), likely between 1838 and 1865. The only other records of this species in Canada are sightings in Nova Scotia in 1965 and 1966. This may therefore be the first specimen evidence of the species in Nova Scotia and Canada. Historical evidence links the specimen with the McCulloch collection of birds, part of which has survived at Dalhousie University.

scholarly journals A statistical analysis for pattern recognition of small cloud particles sampled with a PMS-2DC probe

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 840-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fouilloux ◽  
J. Iaquinta ◽  
C. Duroure ◽  
F. Albers
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Ice Water Content ◽  
Dimensional Shape ◽  
Exact Shape ◽  
Ice Water

Abstract. Although small particles (size between 25 µm and 200 µm) are frequently observed within ice and water clouds, they are not generally used properly for the calculation of structural, optical and microphysical quantities. Actually neither the exact shape nor the phase (ice or water) of these particles is well defined since the existing pattern recognition algorithms are only efficient for larger particle sizes. The present study describes a statistical analysis concerning small hexagonal columns and spherical particles sampled with a PMS-2DC probe, and the corresponding images are classified according to the occurrence probability of various pixels arrangements. This approach was first applied to synthetic data generated with a numerical model, including the effects of diffraction at a short distance, and then validated against actual data sets obtained from in-cloud flights during the pre-ICE'89 campaign. Our method allows us to differentiate small hexagonal columns from spherical particles, thus making possible the characterization of the three dimensional shape (and consequently evaluation of the volume) of the particles, and finally to compute e.g., the liquid or the ice water content.

scholarly journals NOTES ON SOME INSECTS OF NOVA SCOTIA AND CANADA

1871 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Walker
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Concentric Circles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nova Scotian ◽  
And Diffusion

The following communication is introductory to a few remarks on the Nova Scotian and Canadian Insects which I have received through the kindness of J.M. Jones, Esq., W. Saunders, Esq., and Prof. Croft.The study of the geographical distribution of Insects has become more interesting by the differnece of opinion as to the origin and diffusion of species. The insects of seperate arctic regions have a great muttual resemblance, and the difference between them increases in the successive concentric circles from the above regions towards the equator.

A NEW SPECIES OF ANARTA FROM NOVA SCOTIA

1870 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
The Editor
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
Nova Scotian ◽  
A New Species

In the Proceedings and Transactions of the Nova Scotian Institute of Natural Science (1868-9, p. 78-87), I have given a list of some specimens of Nova Scotian Lepidoptera, sent me for determination by the esteemed President of the Institute, J. Matthew Jones, Esq., of Halifax. Among these was included a new species of Anarta, the description of which I reprint here, as many of those interested in this department of Entomology may not have access to the original publication.

Syllable reduction and articulation rates in Danish, Norwegian and Swedish

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanna Haug Hilton ◽  
Anja Schüppert ◽  
Charlotte Gooskens
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Radio News

This investigation compares articulation rates of phonological and phonetic syllables in Norwegian, Swedish and Danish to investigate differences in degrees of syllable deletion (reduction) among these three languages. For the investigation two sets of data are used: one consisting of recorded speech from radio news and another consisting of sentences read aloud. The results of the comparative investigation show that in both data sets Danish exhibits a much larger degree of syllable reduction in speech than Norwegian and Swedish. The finding that certain syllable deletion processes take place in Danish but not in Norwegian and Swedish is viewed as typological. The results indicate that Danish words are shorter than their Norwegian and Swedish counterparts. This could be a contributing factor to problems that arise in inter-Scandinavian communication.

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