scholarly journals Apparent selectivity of sheep in deferred marandu palisadegrass pastures with variable initial heights

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1727-1734
Author(s):  
M.E.R. Santos ◽  
L.E.F. Afonso ◽  
B.H.R. Carvalho ◽  
A.C. Rêgo ◽  
G.J.S. Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selectivity Index ◽  
Selective Grazing ◽  
Morphological Component ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
In The Beginning

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the apparent selectivity of sheep in marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) pastures with four heights at the beginning of the deferment period (15, 25, 35 and 45cm). The deferment period was 92 days and started on 03/21/2014. Evaluations occurred in the beginning (first week), middle (45th day) and end (92nd day) of the grazing period, in winter (06/21/2014 to 09/21/2014). Deferred pastures with 15 and 25cm presented lower forage mass (FM), but higher live leaf (LL) percentage in FM than deferred pastures with 35 and 45cm. The live stem percentage in the FM and the apparent selectivity index (ASI) of the LL were superior in the deferred pasture with 45cm. The dead stem (DS) percentage in the grazing simulation (GS) and the ASI of this morphological component were lower in the pasture with 15cm, compared to the deferred pasture with 45cm. The FM and the LL percentages in FM and in the GS sample decreased, while the DS percentages in FM and in GS sample increased with the grazing period. Marandu palisadegrass with 15cm at beginning of the deferment period improves the morphology of the deferred pasture. Selective grazing is difficult during the grazing period.

scholarly journals Does the lowering strategy before the stockpiling period modify the marandu palisade grass production and structure?

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1403-1412
Author(s):  
M.E.R. Santos ◽  
G.O. Rocha ◽  
B.H.R. Carvalho ◽  
G.S. Borges ◽  
L.C. Adorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Grass Production ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
In The Beginning

ABSTRACT The objective was to identify lowering strategies for Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu in the beginning of the stockpiling period that increase forage production and improve the structure of stockpiled canopies. Three lowering strategies were evaluated: maintenance of marandu palisade grass with 15cm four months before the stockpiling period; maintenance of palisade grass with 30cm for four months, and lowering to 15cm before the stockpiling period; and maintaining of palisade grass at 45cm for four months, and lowering to 15cm before the stockpiling period. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications. At the end of stockpiling, the number of reproductive tillers and forage mass were higher in the canopy under 15/15cm than in the others; the percentage of live leaf was higher in the canopy under 45/15cm than under 15/15cm. Forage production during the stockpiling period was higher in the canopy under 15/15cm and lower in the under 45/15cm. Maintaining 15cm marandu palisadegrass for four months before the stockpiling period increases forage production during this period. The lowering of the marandu palisadegrass from 45 to 15cm at the beginning of the stockpiling period improves the structure of the stockpiled canopy.

scholarly journals Mowing and lowering the marandu palisadegrass sward height at late winter improve the sward structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Eduardo Rozalino Santos ◽  
Bruno Humberto Rezende Carvalho ◽  
Henrique Cesar Rodrigues Nogueira ◽  
Gabriel de Oliveira Rocha ◽  
Flávia de Oliveira Scarpino Van Cleef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Dead Leaf ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Leaf Lamina ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Volumetric Density ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

The structure of the sward is important because it influences the responses of plants and animals in grazing conditions. The objective with this work was to evaluate the structural characteristics of the Marandu palisade grass pasture (Brachiaria brizantha syn. Urochloa brizantha) during spring and summer, depending on the condition of the sward at the end of winter. Four grazing conditions at the end of winter were evaluated: short (24.1 cm), short (25.2 cm)/mown (8 cm), tall (49.0 cm) and tall (50.0 cm)/mown (8 cm). The foliar area index was lower in the tall pasture than in the tall/mown pasture. The mass and the volumetric density of dead stem were higher in the tall pasture, intermediate in the short pasture, and lower in mowed pastures. At the beginning of the grazing period, the live stem mass was higher in the tall pasture. At the beginning and middle of the grazing period, the volumetric density of dead leaf lamina was lower in mowed pastures. At the beginning of the pasture period, the short pasture had a higher tiller number (TN). In the middle of the grazing period, the short and short/mown pastures had higher TN. At the end of the pasture period, the lowest TN value occurred in the tall pasture. The tall pasture at the end of winter presents an unfavorable structure to the animal in grazing, while the mowing and reduction in the height of the marandu palisade grass improves the structure of the sward in spring and summer.

scholarly journals Sheep production during the rainy season in marandu palisadegrass swards previously utilized under deferred grazing

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 554-562
Author(s):  
D.O.C. Sousa ◽  
M.E.R. Santos ◽  
D.M. Fonseca ◽  
G.L. Macedo Junior ◽  
S.P. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Early Summer ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Simulated Grazing ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Dead Tissue ◽  
Plot Design

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu syn. Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu (Marandu palisadegrass) in late winter on pasture structure, apparent selectivity, and sheep production during spring and early summer. The conditions of deferred pastures at the end of winter were: low (15.1cm and 4600kg/ha of DM), medium (23.2cm and 5940kg/ha of DM), high (31.4cm and 7640kg/ha of DM) and high/mowed (31.3cm and 7200kg/ha of DM, mowed to 8cm). The experiment was conducted in split plot design (sward conditions at the end of winter: low, medium, tall and tall/lowered) during time (early, middle and late spring/summer) and completely randomized design with three replications. The percentages of live leaf laminae in available forage and in simulated grazing samples were higher in tall/lowered sward and lower in high sward, oppositely to percentage of dead tissue. Only at the beginning of the grazing period the high/lowered sward had lower forage mass and bulk density. This remained high in high sward during all the grazing period. The sheep performance and the animal production per area were higher in low sward and lower in tall swards. The low sward has better structure and higher sheep production starting at spring. The lower of the marandu palisade grass at late winter improves this structure and increases sheep production during spring and early summer.

scholarly journals How does the sward condition in late winter influence the Marandu palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) structure during spring and summer?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Manoel E.R. Santos ◽  
Bruno H.R. Carvalho ◽  
Flávia O.S. Van Cleef ◽  
Gabriel O. Rocha ◽  
Henrique C.R. Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Dead Material ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Favorable Structure ◽  
Animal Consumption

Height and mowing of a sward in late winter can change its structure during the subsequent spring and summer seasons, which influences plant growth and animal performance. This work was conducted to evaluate the structural characteristics of Urochloa brizantha (syn. Brachiaria brizantha) cv. Marandu (marandu palisadegrass) during spring and summer in relation to the following sward conditions in late winter: short (15 cm), medium (23 cm), tall (31 cm) and tall (31 cm)/mowed to 8 cm. Stages of the grazing period (beginning, middle and end) in spring and summer were considered measures repeated over time. Leaf area index was lower in the tall pasture than in the other pastures and was lower at the beginning than at the end of the grazing period. Dead material mass was highest in the tall pasture, intermediate in the short and medium pastures and lowest in the tall/mowed pasture. Live stem mass was higher at the end than at the beginning and middle of the grazing period of the short, medium and tall/mowed pastures, contrary to that observed in the tall sward. At the end of the grazing period, tiller number did not vary among pastures. The tall pasture in late winter presents a limiting structure to animal consumption. Short and tall/mowed pastures in late winter show a favorable structure for forage plant growth and, probably, animal performance.

scholarly journals Korzenie pamięci. O Mirabelce Cezarego Harasimowicza

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kwiatkowska
Keyword(s):  
Literary Studies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
City Space ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Dead ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The City ◽  
Plum Tree

The article attempts to interpret the novel Mirabelle in the light of hauntology, taken from Jacques Derrida’s works, existing in the Polish literary studies first and foremost thanks to the works of Jakub Momro and Andrzej Marzec. Harasimowicz’s novel recounts the history of Warsaw from the 1920s until the present-day period. The mirabelle plum tree growing on one of the backyards in Warsaw tells the story of the following generations of the city dwellers who fade away and fall into oblivion. The Holocaust, depicted in the beginning of the novel, does not, however, become the past. The recollection of the genocide is inscribed in contemporary Warsaw, in the city space and the consciousness of its inhabitants. The phantoms of the former dwellers of Nalewki, the Jewish district in Warsaw, visit their homes, little stores, and workshops, trying to end unfinished businesses and engaging with the representatives of the present-day citizens. The gesture of remembrance, which is the replanting and redeveloping a new mirabelle tree in the place of the damaged one, gives people hope for the restoration of balance and strengthens the bonds between the living and the dead.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Natural Regrowth of Axonopus aureus under rest periods in Roraima´s Savannas

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e56310918536
Author(s):  
Newton de Lucena Costa ◽  
Antônio Neri Azevedo Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Rainy Period ◽  
Rest Periods ◽  
Nutrition Value ◽  
The Dead ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Leaf Appearance

The natural regrowth of Axonopus aureus in native pasture of Roraima´s savannas was evaluate, during early rainy period. The experimental design was a completely randomized, with four replications. The treatments consisted of four pasture rest periods (14, 28, 42 and 56 days after beginning of the rainy period). Evaluations were carry out during the period of June to August of 2016. The parameters measured were dry matter (DM) yields and grass morphogenetic and structural characteristics. The green and total DM, number of tillers plant-1, number of axillary tillers plant-1, number of live tillers plant-1, number of live leaves tiller-1 and leaf area index were directly proportional to rest periods. The leaf appearance and elongation rate were negatively affect by rest periods, while the dead DM was not affect by rest periods. Considering the low green DM availability of A. aureus, its recommends the utilization of some management practice, preferentially grazing or mowing, to remove the dead DM with low nutrition value and permit a grass vigorous regrowth in the beginning of the rainy period.

scholarly journals The Imaginary and the Dead Media in the Works of the Kosmoplovci Collective

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Sekulić
Keyword(s):  
Media Studies ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Electronic Music ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
Media System ◽  
The Media ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
The Dead ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Archival Work

Drawing from a movement which aimed to re-activate the practices of the emancipation of cultural production established in Yugoslav cine-amateurism: Low-Fi Video (1997–2003), the Kosmoplovci Collective, established in 2001, developed various interdisciplinary experiments, contesting the elements of the media framework of production. In a specific osmosis of practices stemming from the computer demo scene, video, alternative comics, electronic music and design, Kosmoplovci contributed to the contemporary explorations of the media-archaeological art, which uses archival work and historical materials related to the shifts of media paradigms. The videos, computer demos and online interactive projects of Kosmoplovci produced in the beginning of the 2000s can be seen as the projections, emulations or anticipations of the imaginary or dead media, or even a future excavation and re-invention of media (Void, Selfaware, X21, Artificial Detection). The treatment of media machines in the tension of their imagined untimely existence, as in the description of imaginary media by Siegfried Zielinsky, and the imagined future recovery from their deep death which is another form of their dislocation, destabilizes the fixed positions of the elements of contemporary media art production: the camera, the internet, but also the parallel relation of the image and the sound. The practice of this overall destabilization of fixed elements of the media system puts the Kosmoplovci Collective in the line of continuity of the experiments of radical amateurism. Article received: December 28, 2017; Article accepted: January 10, 2018; Published online: April 15, 2018; Original scholarly paper How to cite this article: Sekulić, Aleksandra. "The Imaginary and the Dead Media in the Works of the Kosmoplovci Collective." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies 15 (2018): . doi: 10.25038/am.v0i15.233

Drug Induced Changes in Cell Organelles

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Luse
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
New Era ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Cellular Pathology ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact

In the mid-nineteenth century Virchow revolutionized pathology by introduction of the concept of “cellular pathology”. Today, a century later, this term has increasing significance in health and disease. We now are in the beginning of a new era in pathology, one which might well be termed “organelle pathology” or “subcellular pathology”. The impact of lysosomal diseases on clinical medicine exemplifies this role of pathology of organelles in elucidation of disease today.Another aspect of cell organelles of prime importance is their pathologic alteration by drugs, toxins, hormones and malnutrition. The sensitivity of cell organelles to minute alterations in their environment offers an accurate evaluation of the site of action of drugs in the study of both function and toxicity. Examples of mitochondrial lesions include the effect of DDD on the adrenal cortex, riboflavin deficiency on liver cells, elevated blood ammonia on the neuron and some 8-aminoquinolines on myocardium.

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