scholarly journals VOCABULARY OF FOREIGN ORIGIN: PROBLEMS OF NORM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN LITERARY LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
T. V. Gremalіuk
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Sound System ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Linguistic Evolution ◽  
Written Reflection

The article presents a multifaceted analysis of the dynamics of spelling and pronunciation of words of foreign origin in the Ukrainian literary language. The research expanded the range of knowledge about the phases of formation of the Ukrainian orthography, in particular, the part devoted to the orthography of foreign tokens and made it possible to explain the changes in the rules of spelling and pronunciation in diachrony. Linguistic and extralinguistic factors that influenced linguistic evolution are identified and the processes of normalization of borrowed vocabulary taking into account the historical context are highlighted. The views of Ukrainian linguists on the norms of spelling and pronunciation of words of foreign origin are generalized. It was stated that although there are few foreign words (approximately 10 percent), compared to other Ukrainian lexical collections, foreign words have provoked and are causing many discussions among linguists about their mastery of the Ukrainian literary language. After all, the legalization of the language norm, its written reflection and its organization in Ukraine is very difficult, which causes heterogeneity of spelling and pronunciation of words of foreign origin. Transformations in borrowed tokens over a long historical period are traced. A chronological description of all editions of the Ukrainian orthography is made and the most typical changes and establishments in the spelling and pronunciation of foreign words are systematized. It is proved that the lack of clearly formulated and formed rules for spelling borrowed words has led to variable spelling and pronunciation. After all, the phonetic system of the Ukrainian language can not fully reflect the peculiarities of the sound system of a foreign language, which indicates a complex process of stabilization of pronunciation and spelling norms of words of foreign origin in the Ukrainian literary language.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF PIANO SCHOOLS IN CHINA AND UKRAINE: HISTORICAL CONTEXT

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Boyuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Music Programs ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
International Level ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Piano Education ◽  
The Common ◽  
Education In China

The article identifies the historical context of the piano schools development in China and Ukraine. The factors that formed the basis of the periodization of the studied phenomenon in both countries are identified. The periodization of the piano schools development in China and Ukraine has been carried out. As a result of a comparative analysis of the historical development of piano education in China and Ukraine, the common features of training pianists during a certain historical period were clarified, such as: the influence on the development of piano education of Western European and Russian traditions; national basis for the development of piano schools in both countries; opening of a significant number of art education institutions, including higher education institutions; availability of a large number of music programs of international level; opening of factories for the production of piano; rapid introduction of conservatory piano education.

scholarly journals Pedagogical Stylistics as a Tool in the Classroom: An Investigation of EFL Undergraduate Students' Ability in Analyzing Poetic Language

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arab World English Journal ◽  
Eman Adil Jaafar ◽  
Fatimah Khudair Hassoon
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Teaching Literature ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Literary Awareness ◽  
Academic Year

This research paper draws on applying the tools of pedagogical stylistics in teaching literature in particular poetry to English as a foreign language (EFL) undergraduate Iraqi students. The language of literature is rich with social context, exquisite deviant forms, and vocabulary. This paper aims at examining to what extent pedagogical stylistics can be helpful in increasing students' literary awareness. In addition, to examine how it can help them to interpret and analyze selected poems that have been chosen for them to achieve this goal. For the purpose of gathering the required data a pre-test and a post-test are conducted. Verdonk's (2013) approach is adopted in teaching stylistic tools to the students. The participants were (40) second-year students of the academic year 2018-2017 from University of Baghdad, Iraq. Moreover, a questionnaire is distributed to know students' opinions about studying stylistics. The final results proved that (1-) pedagogical stylistics tools are of great significance to pay heed to the language of poetry or literary language in general, (2-)the questionnaire shows that most agreed on studying stylistics in the classroom. Thus, this study highly recommends that teachers of literary subjects should focus on stylistic tools in teaching literary texts.

scholarly journals From Maimonides to Microsoft: The Jewish Law of Copyright Since the Birth of Print, Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Netanel
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Property Right ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Fair Compensation ◽  
Jewish Learning ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Key Questions

In this book, Neil Netanel traces the historical development of Jewish copyright law. In so doing, he compares rabbinic reprinting bans with secular and papal book privileges and relays the stories of dramatic disputes among publishers of books of Jewish learning and liturgy, beginning with the early sixteenth century and continuing until today. He describes each dispute in its historical context and examines the rabbinic rulings that sought to resolve it. Remarkably, the rabbinic reprinting bans and copyright rulings address some of the same issues that animate copyright jurisprudence today: Is copyright a property right or just a right to receive fair compensation? How long should copyrights last? What purposes does copyright serve? While Jewish copyright law has borrowed from its secular counterpart at key junctures, it fashions strikingly different answers to those key questions.

scholarly journals An Attitudinal Study of English as a Foreign Language in Sukkur Sindh Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Ashfaque Hussain Soomro ◽  
Zaheer Ahmed Bango ◽  
Imran Khan Mahesar
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Learning Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Complex Process

<p><em>Foreign language learning is a complex process and is influenced by various factors. The attitude of students towards language learning is a major decisive factor in this process; therefore, the current study was carried out to explore this phenomenon. The students of English Works Program Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan were the target population for the current study. The said program was initiated by a Karachi based organization which enrolled fifty students for a 240 hours certificate course in English language. The students already had some formal education ranging from Intermediate to Masters level and belonged to different age groups. The aim of this quantitative study was to investigate their language learning attitudes from three aspects: behavioral, cognitive and emotional. For data collection purposes, a questionnaire comprising 30 closed-ended items was adapted from Eshghinejad, (2016), Boonrangsri, Chuaymankhong, Rermyindee, &amp; Vongchittpinyo, (2004) and Gardner (1985). This was followed by descriptive and inferential statistical analysis by using independent sample t-test (SPSS-22). The results show that the students have positive attitudes towards learning English as a foreign language.</em></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Ethnodifferentiating markers of ethnic identity of belarusians: historical aspect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilii Sakovici ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Religious Tolerance ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Historical Past

The article examines the difficulties of forming ethnic identity among Belarusians through their historical past. Identification features characteristic of Belarusians are highlighted: hard work, thrift, scrupulousness, perseverance, high morality, self-esteem, peacefulness, etc. The author considers such a feature as religious tolerance, or religious tolerance, which was formed over a long historical period, as ethnospecific. In conclusion, it is stablished that the process of formation of the ethnic identity of Belarusians was influenced by natural-historical conditions and inclusion in foreign ethnic state formations. It is noted that the process of formation of the Belarusian ethnic identity did not have the character of a deliberate construction of any predetermined properties and qualities. It crystallized from the values formed in the process of the historical development of the Belarusian nation.

scholarly journals THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE “LIGHT WORK” PROVISION OF CONVENTION NO. 138

Obiter ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rufaro Audrey Mavunga
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Child Work ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
General Wellbeing

The Minimum Age Convention no. 138 of 1973 in Article 7 provides that children between the ages of 13 and 15 years may be permitted to undertake a permissible form of child work, namely: light work. Such work should not prejudice the education, health or the general wellbeing of the child. Article 7 does not, however, define or clarify what actually qualifies as light work. The light work provision also seems incompatible with the realities of many developing countries and the values prioritized in different cultures as it seems to place an unnecessarily strict prohibition of work by children below the age of 13 years. Although there seems to be confusion regarding this concept the light work provision is best understood in its historical context. The light work provision first appeared in the Minimum Age (Agricultural) Convention no. 10 of 1921 and was further developed in the Minimum Age (Industry) Convention no. 33 of 1932. Convention no. 138 thereafter revised such conventions with a less detailed description of the concept causing confusion and uncertainty about permissible forms of child work.

scholarly journals Two Comparative Perspectives on Copyright's Past and Future in the Digital Age

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Copyright Policy ◽  
Digital Copyright ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
Contemporary Technology

This book review compares two recent titles on copyright law: THE COPYRIGHT WARS: THREE CENTURIES OF TRANS-ATLANTIC BATTLE by Peter Baldwin, and COPYFIGHT: THE GLOBAL POLITICS OF DIGITAL COPYRIGHT REFORM by Blayne Haggart. Both books are meticulously researched and carefully written, and each makes an excellent addition to the literature on copyright. Contrasting both titles in this joint review, however, helps to reveal a few respects in which each work is incomplete; indeed, each book occasionally reads as a critique of the other. Baldwin’s book places contemporary debates in a much deeper historical context, but in so doing overlooks some of the unique challenges contemporary technology poses to the law as well as the historically unprecedented obstacles that contemporary law raises to some forms of socially valuable innovation. Haggart’s book, in contrast, maintains a narrower focus on the contemporary era, yielding a superior accounting of the institutional and social interests now at stake in the global copyright debate, but fails in some respects to appreciate the ways in which the much lengthier course of historical development constrains future copyright policy-making. The review concludes by suggesting some respects in which both books might serve as valuable guides for copyright policy-makers at both the national and international levels.

Deutscher, Lenin and the East-European Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-28
Author(s):  
Tamás Krausz
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
October Revolution ◽  
State Socialism ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
East European ◽  
Marxist Analysis

The article introduces the reception of Isaac Deutscher’s work in Eastern Europe in a historical context and shows how deeply this reception was connected to the various transformations of the system, which had been established after the victory of the Russian October Revolution. The author gives a Marxist analysis of the historical development of state socialism and the various changes in Eastern-European Marxist thought which accompanied this history. He belongs to that school of thought which defines this system as state socialism, and he gives a theoretical analysis of its main characteristics, adding that 1989 failed to fulfil the expectations and hopes of many Western and Eastern-European Marxists.

Gāndhārī and the other Indo-Aryan languages in the light of newly-discovered Kharoṣṭhī manuscripts

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Salomon
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Great Scholar ◽  
First Time

This chapter focuses on a language whose very name was first proposed by the great scholar whose career is celebrated in this volume. For it was Harold Bailey's 1946 article whose title ‘Gāndhārī’ introduced that name for the first time. The discussion covers the varieties of literary Gāndhārī, the historical development of Gāndhārī as a literary language, the character of literary Gāndhārī, and Gāndhārī and the modern language of the northwest.

To Whom Do We Write?

2015 ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaker Ali Al-Mohammadi ◽  
Emira Derbel
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Composition Classes ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Audience Awareness ◽  
The Relationship

Writing is a complex process and used of course for an incalculable range of purposes and audiences. Teaching students to write in their mother tongue is hard, but teaching them to do this in a second or foreign language is even harder. This chapter focuses on the question of audience in teaching and learning writing, arguing that it is vital for students to be aware of an audience that eventually determines what, why, and how they will write. It seeks to provide a thorough understanding of Omani EFL students' conception of audience and their current level of audience awareness and also to explore the relationship between audience awareness and students' performance in composition classes and tests.

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