scholarly journals TRIBOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY OF HARD MACHINED SURFACES

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Viktor Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Hard Turning ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Hard Machining ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Industrial Practice ◽  
Oil Retention ◽  
3D Surface Roughness ◽  
Topographic Characteristics ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Topographic Parameters

In machining automotive industrial parts by hard machining procedures, the topographic characteristics of high accuracy surfaces have high importance. In this paper 2D and 3D surface roughness features of gear bores machined by hard turning and grinding are demonstrated. The 3D roughness parameters, which are considered as more exact than the 2D parameters, were compared to the 2D ones, which are used more widely in industrial practice. The analyzed machining procedure versions were ranked based on the topographic parameters determining the tribological (wear and oil-retention capability) characteristics of the different surfaces.

Possibilities of the Generation of Hardened Steel Parts With Defined Topographic Characteristics of the Machined Surfaces

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wit Grzesik ◽  
Krzysztof Żak
Keyword(s):  
Hard Turning ◽  
Cubic Boron Nitride ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Turning Operations ◽  
Topographic Characteristics ◽  
Grinding Operations ◽  
Hard Cutting

The main objective of the comparison of precision hard cutting and abrasive processes in terms of the surface texture is to facilitate the decision whether to possibly replace grinding operations by hard turning with low feed rates. In this study, hard turning operations with Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) cutting tools and grinding operations using electrocorundum Al2O3 and CBN wheels were performed in order to generate surfaces with the Sa roughness parameter of about 0.2 μm. 3D roughness parameters and the frequency, fractal and motif characteristics were analyzed.

Effects of Technological Parameters on Surface Characteristics in Face Milling

2017 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyula Varga ◽  
János Kundrák
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
3D Surface Roughness ◽  
High Level ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Further Development

The experimental and theoretic examination of conventional manufacturing procedures continue to be a topic of modern research. It is assisted, to a great extent, by the spread and the possibility of the application of high level software and more accurate measuring equipment. The research results obtained by the use of new equipment can open new ways for further development of conventional manufacturing procedures and their more intensive, more productive application. In this paper, an experimental method is used for examination of the surface features (e.g. flatness, 2D and 3D surface roughness parameters) of face milled aluminium parts. The aim of experiments was to determine the effect of change of the technological parameters (feed rate and cutting speed) on flatness and surface roughness features in of face milling of aluminium parts.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF GEOMETRIC FEATURES OF THE 316L STEEL SURFACE AFTER DIFFERENT SURFACE TREATMENT METHODS

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Mariusz Kłonica
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Functional Attributes ◽  
3D Surface Roughness ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
316L Steel ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Intensive Development

The paper presents the selected results of surface quality. The selected 2D and 3D surface roughness parameters are analyzed. An intensive development of various surface topography measuring techniques allows the prediction of the functional attributes of the surface and also evaluation of its quality. The measurement strategy highly influences the results of the evaluation of surface roughness. Finally, some general conclusions are given.

scholarly journals Study on Fabric Surface Roughness and its Influence on Worsted Fabric Abrasion Resistance

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000
Author(s):  
Sara Asghari Mooneghi ◽  
S. Mohammad Hosseini Varkiyani ◽  
Siamak Saharkhiz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
3D Surface Roughness ◽  
Strong Linear Correlation ◽  
Fabric Surface ◽  
2D And 3D

Surface roughness is of paramount importance in predicting tactile properties of fabrics. This study aimed at investigating surface roughness and the effect of this property on the abrasion resistance of worsted fabrics. Nine different groups of worsted fabrics were produced. The fabrics had three weave types and three areal densities. A non-contact laser based system was developed to scan the surface of the fabrics. In order to extract the surface roughness profile, a new method of data analysis was presented. Several two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) roughness parameters were introduced and calculated. Statistical analysis proved that the effect of weave type and weft density was significant on all of the 2D and 3D surface roughness parameters at a confidence range of 95%. However, the 3D parameters provided the surface roughness with just one number in comparison with the 2D ones (warp and weft directions). Therefore, the 3D parameters provided a better indication for the surface roughness which had the effect of both warp and weft directions. Results showed that there was a strong linear correlation between the abrasion resistance and the 3D roughness parameters.

scholarly journals Development of Surface Roughness in Hard Turning of 100Cr6 Using Mixed Ceramic Cutting Tool with Wiper Geometry and Conventional Geometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (Special-Issue) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Michaela Samardžiová ◽  
Miroslav Neslušan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Hard Turning ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Hard Machining ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Ceramic Tool ◽  
Mixed Ceramic

Abstract Hard turning has been applied in machining since the early 1980s. There is an effort to substitute finish grinding by hard machining, because of machining by cutting tool with defined geometry. For machining of hardened steels (up to 45 HRC) are used two different cutting materials. PCBN are used the most for discontinuous machining of hardened steel (up to 63 HRC) and mixed ceramic tools, which are used in the experiment. This paper reports a development of surface roughness parameters when using wiper tool geometry of mixed ceramic tool and conventional geometry of mixed ceramic tool in hard turning. Roughness parameters (Ra, Rz, Rsk, Rku, RSm, Rdq) are measured when changing the feed, depth of cut and cutting speed are constant.

scholarly journals Cutting Mechanics and Surface Finish for Turning with Differently Shaped CBN Tools

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-357
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Żak
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Hard Turning ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Material Distribution ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Turning Operations ◽  
Cutting Power ◽  
Finish Turning ◽  
Corner Radius ◽  
Relevant Material

Abstract In this paper, the basic cutting characteristics such as cutting forces, cutting power and its distribution, specific cutting energies were determined taking into account variable tool corner radius ranging from 400 to 1200 µm and constant cutting parameters typical for hard turning of a hardened 41Cr4 alloy steel of 55±1 HRC hardness. Finish turning operations were performed using chamfered CBN tools. Moreover, selected roughness profiles produced for different tool corner radius were compared and appropriate surface roughness parameters were measured. The measured values of Ra and Rz roughness parameters are compared with their theoretical values and relevant material distribution curves and bearing parameters are presented.

Magnetic field assisted finishing process for super-finished Ti alloy implant and its 3D surface characterization

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwesa Barman ◽  
Manas Das
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Process Parameter ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Optimum Process Parameter ◽  
Joint Implant ◽  
3D Surface ◽  
3D Surface Roughness

Titanium alloy is used in medical industries due to its biocompatibility. Requirement of implant’s surface roughness and surface topography depends mainly upon its application. In the present study, application of titanium alloy is considered as femoral knee joint implant. The capability of magnetic field assisted finishing (MFAF) process and the polishing tool to provide implant worthy surface is analyzed here. In MFAF process, magnetorheological fluid mixed with abrasive powder in acidic base medium is used as the finishing medium. Characterization of the finished surface is carried out by analyzing 3D surface roughness parameters. The selected 3D surface parameters ( Sa, Spk, Sk and Svk) are considered due to their importance concerning load-bearing articulating surface of knee joint implant. Statistical design of experiment is used for experimental study and subsequently process parameters are optimized. From experimental investigation, the values of Sa, Spk, Sk and Svk are obtained as 11.32 nm, 15.82 nm, 6.51 nm and 41.15 nm, respectively, at optimum process parameter condition. The optimum process parameter values are 901 rpm of the tool, 0.60-mm working gap and 4.30 hrs of finishing time. The obtained values of 3D surface roughness parameters are in the nanometer range and the surface topography will render better wear properties, performance and longer implant life. Further confirmation experiments support the optimized values. The effect of individual process parameter on output responses is also analyzed.

EVALUATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS PRODUCED BY NANOCUTTING COPPER STRUCTURE USING A LEAST SQUARE MEAN METHOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950081 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUNHUI JI ◽  
SHUANGQIU SUN ◽  
BIN LIN ◽  
TIANYI SUI
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Surface Roughness Parameters ◽  
3D Surface ◽  
3D Surface Roughness

This work performed molecular dynamic simulations to study the 2D profile and 3D surface topography in the nanometric cutting process. The least square mean method was used to model the evaluation criteria for the surface roughness at the nanometric scale. The result showed that the cutting speed was the most important factor influencing the spacing between the peaks, the sharpness of the peaks, and the randomness of the profile. The plastic deformation degree of the machined surface at the nanometric scale was significantly influenced by the cutting speed and depth of cut. The 2D and 3D surface roughness parameters exhibited a similar variation tendency, and the parameters Ra and Rq tended to increase gradually with an increase in the cutting speed and a decrease in the depth of cut. Finally, it is concluded that at the nanometric scale, the 3D surface roughness parameters could more accurately reflect the real surface characteristics than the 2D parameters.

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