scholarly journals Konversi Lahan Sawah: Potensi Dampak, Pola Pemanfaatannya, dan Faktor Determinan

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Wetland Area ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Wetland Conversion

<strong>English</strong><br />Conversion of wetland area into non-agricultural uses raises economic, social, and environmental problems. This phenomenon is a serious problem for food security because it is unavoidable and its impact on food production decrease is permanent, accumulative, and progressive. To control wetland conversion the government launched many regulations but this formal approach seems ineffective due to various factors. Accordingly, policies revitalization including economic and social approaches should be developed. Principally, future policy of wetland conversion should be intended: (1) to reduce economic and social factors that stimulate conversion of wetland area, (2) to control the acreage, location, and type of wetland area conversed in order to minimize the negative impacts, and (3) to neutralize negative impacts through investments funded by the private companies involved in the conversion.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Konversi lahan sawah ke penggunaan nonpertanian seperti kompleks perumahan, kawasan industri, kawasan perdagangan, dan sarana publik dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif secara ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Bagi ketahanan pangan nasional, konversi lahan sawah merupakan ancaman yang serius, mengingat konversi lahan tersebut sulit dihindari sementara dampak yang ditimbulkan terhadap masalah pangan bersifat permanen, kumulatif, dan progresif. Banyak peraturan yang diterbitkan pemerintah untuk mengendalikan konversi lahan sawah tetapi pendekatan yuridis tersebut terkesan tumpul akibat berbagai faktor. Sehubungan dengan itu maka diperlukan revitalisasi kebijakan dalam mengendalikan konversi lahan melalui pengembangan pendekatan ekonomi dan pendekatan sosial. Pada intinya kebijakan pengendalian konversi lahan di masa yang akan datang perlu diarahkan untuk mencapai tiga sasaran yaitu : (1) menekan intensitas faktor sosial dan ekonomi yang dapat merangsang konversi lahan sawah, (2) mengendalikan luas, Iokasi, den jenis lahan sawah yang dikonversi dalam rangka memperkecil potensi dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan, dan (3) menetralisir dampak negatif konversi lahan sawah melalui kegiatan investasi yang melibatkan dana perusahaan swasta pelaku konversi lahan.

scholarly journals Meningkatkan Efektifitas Kebijakan Konversi Lahan

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Wetland Area ◽  
The Government ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Agriculture Development

<strong>English</strong><br />Conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural uses represents one of major issues of agriculture development because of its significant negative impacts on food production as well as other socio-economic and environmental aspects. Many regulations launched by the government to control wetland conversion but these policies seem ineffective.  This is reflected by the decreasing wetland area for food crops cultivation. Accordingly, policies revitalization on agricultural land conversion is essential for future agricultural development. This includes: reformulation of policy orientation and policy scope, reformulation of object of the policy, improvement of policy instruments used, improvement of organization structure of policy executives, and increasing policy socialization to stakeholders.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Konversi lahan pertanian ke penggunaan nonpertanian merupakan salah satu isu sentral pembangunan pertanian karena dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif yang signifikan terhadap produksi pangan disamping aspek sosial ekonomi lainnya dan masalah lingkungan. Berbagai peraturan telah diterbitkan pemerintah untuk mengendalikan konversi lahan sawah, tetapi kebijakan tersebut terkesan tidak efektif yang ditunjukkan oleh luas lahan sawah yang terus berkurang. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka diperlukan revitalisasi kebijakan konversi lahan dalam rangka mendukung pembangunan pertanian di masa yang akan datang. Kebijakan tersebut meliputi merumuskan kembali arah kebijakan dan lingkup kebijakan konversi lahan, merumuskan kembali obyek kebijakan konversi lahan, menyempurnakan instrumen kebijakan yang digunakan, menyempurnakan struktur organisasi pelaksana kebijakan konversi lahan, dan meningkatkan sosialisasi kebijakan kepada para stakeholder.

scholarly journals Do the determinants of food security differ in improved rice variety adoption? Evidence from Sierra Leone

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 466-484
Author(s):  
Bashiru Mansaray ◽  
Shaosheng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Switching Regression ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sierra Leonean ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe Sierra Leonean government has implemented the improved rice varieties directed at enhancing more rice production to reduce food insecurity. This paper evaluates the food security effect of improved rice variety adoption using cross-sectional data collected in 2017 from a randomly selected sample of 624 rice farmers in Sierra Leone. The analysis uses the endogenous switching regression and propensity score matching (PSM) approach. The results revealed that the adoption of improved rice varieties has a significant positive effect on food security. That confirms the crucial role of improved rice variety adoption in increasing food production and food security. Therefore, the study recommended the intensification of policies that promote improved rice variety adoption, if more food production and food security are to be realized. Further, the government should continue the lead in rice variety promotion and dissemination and in enhancing an enabling environment for the effective adoption of farmers. Given the preponderant evidence of the different factors of food security, appropriate policies that seek to promote formal education, more income generation for farmers, and easy and credible access to farmland for landless farmers would enhance food security.

scholarly journals Economic Feasibility of Solar Irrigation Pumps: A Study of Northern Bangladesh

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Md. Tawhidul Islam ◽  
Md. Elias Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Service Model ◽  
The Government

Bangladesh is the most densely populated country in the world. With a total population of around 165 million, the country has constantly been facing food security challenges and other problems. Therefore, increasing food production is one of the feasible solutions to this challenge, and proper agricultural land use for food production bears critical importance. Adopting sustainable irrigation systems and viable technologies would be vital for ensuring efficient use of agricultural land in Bangladesh to safeguard the country's food security. Solar irrigation pumps (SIPs) can be a reliable option in this regard. However, Bangladesh has experienced a prolonged growth rate of SIP installation in the last decade.  The countryhas set a target to install 10000 SIPs by the year 2027, albeit it is a tiny share of the 1.57 million conventional irrigation pumps operating in the country. This study aims to investigate the economic feasibility of the SIPs operating in the northern region of Bangladesh in terms of estimating financial feasibility and environmental benefits. The study is mainly based on primary data collected from the users of SIPs from two Upazilas of Dinajpur and Rangpur districts. A total of 14 SIPs, categorized into large, medium, and small pumps, are selected randomly from the available SIPs in the study areas. The financial analysis reveals that small SIPs are the most profitable option (20% IRR) for investment. Large SIPs are moderately profitable (10% IRR), and their profitability can be improved (10.50% IRR) by introducing additional uses of solar energy. However, medium SIPs are the worst (5% IRR) option for investment. In the study areas, large and medium SIPs are designed for the 'fees for service model', and small SIPs are designed for the 'fees for ownership model'. It is found that the 'fees for ownership model' is more profitable than the 'fees for service model'. Moreover, the net environmental benefit for all SIPs is found almost equal to the given subsidy for installing them. Also, the net environmental benefit per kilowatt peak (kWp) is highest for the small SIPs. This paper recommends that additional use (e.g., husking, grinding, supply excess electricity to grid, and so on) of solar energy can improve the profitability of investmenton SIPs. Further, the government should continue giving grants for installing SIPs and promote 'fees for ownership model' (small SIPs) for personal use. It would speed up the dissemination rate of SIPs and help increase the country's agricultural production and improve the environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Keragaan Galur Padi Lahan Sawah Pasang Surut Type C Melalui Teknologi Ratun Kabupaten Rokan Hilir

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-229
Author(s):  
Emi Sari Ritonga ◽  
Ida Nur Istina ◽  
Maizar Maizar
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Type C ◽  
The Government ◽  
Production Target

Ritonga ES, Istina IN, Maizar M. 2019. The performance of the c type of swamp rice line through ratoon technology at Rokan Hilir Regency. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands. 8(2):220-229.  To support food security, the government set a national rice production target of 10 million tons in 2014. Its a trigger in agricultural innovation. The utilization of sub-optimal lands such as tidal lowland for the purpose of increasing food production and self-sufficiency and making swamps as a national food barn continue to be pursued, both through innovation and excavation and the development of local wisdom. Various technological innovations have been produced by the IAARD on tidal lowland, including increasing crop intensity (IP), genetic improvement in rice, and ratoon planting systems. The aim of this research was to get the type C tidal rice lines through ratoon technology. The research has been conducted at Pematang Sikek Village, Rimbo Melintang sub District, Rokan Hilir Regency with  C type of tidal lowland using a Randomized Group Design with 4 replications. The rice strains tested included 11 tidal rice were with 11 types of tidal rice lines (G1, G3, G4, G6, G7, G8, G17, G20, G23, G45 , G53). The results showed that the best vegetative growth were G3 (118.33 cm), G7 (15.00 stems) Number of productive tillers was G4 (15.33 stems) while for generative growth G4 (2.50 t / ha), G53 ratoon (35.33 cm) 238.00 gram), weight of a thousand grains of G53 ratoon was (26.77 gram). G4 gives the highest production and adapted to Rokan Hilir tidal lowland.

scholarly journals Transmigration as a Strategy for Strengthening National Food Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-107
Author(s):  
Mas Wedar Haryagung Adji ◽  
Santi Yulianti ◽  
Syifaa Tresnaningrum ◽  
Erna Gustina Norrista
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
The Government ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
National Food Security

Indonesia is one of the largest agricultural countries in Southeast Asia, but it is also struggling with food security issues. The government's challenge is to ensure that domestic food needs are fulfilled. The covid-19 pandemic exacerbated this challenge, where countries faced the threat of food shortages due to limited movement of goods. Thus, Indonesia should focus on increasing the production and productivity of strategic food commodities. One of the alternative solutions is through the transmigration program. This research focused on how the transmigration program can contribute to food security. The study was carried out through a descriptive qualitative method. The result shows that transmigration contributes to food security because of its similarity to the food production process. However, this program faces five main challenges to support food security. Therefore, this study shows several pre-conditions that the government needs to fulfill to overcome these challenges.

scholarly journals Dismantling of Institutionalization and State Policies as Guarantors of Food Security in Venezuela: Food Safety Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Hernández ◽  
Andrés Carmona ◽  
Maria S. Tapia ◽  
Siloyde Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Local Supply ◽  
Security Infrastructure ◽  
The Government ◽  
Food Imports ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition

Historically, Venezuela was recognized as a country with solid government food safety policies, science-based legislation, clear national food security goals, strict standards for domestic food production and imports, and a system of institutions committed to ensuring safety and quality along each step of the food chain. Major institutions that aimed to insure people's welfare, nutrition and food availability, and safety were created between 1936 and 1949. Remarkable progress was achieved in terms of control of tropical maladies and fight against hunger and malnutrition. The National Institute of Hygiene set the standards for food safety and the continuous surveillance of available foods. The National Codex Alimentarius Committee was officially created in 2001. Nowadays, the situation has dramatically deteriorated as indicated by a severe decline of national food production and a strong dependence on food imports, whose prices make them inaccessible to the majority of Venezuelans. In response to the humanitarian crisis, the government created a food program, the so-called Local Supply and Production Committee (CLAP), to distribute basic foods at reduced prices but with clear intentions of social and political control of the population. Currently, CLAP products come from government imports at a preferential exchange rate. Under the umbrella of an economic emergency decree, many food safety regulations and surveillance protocols have been relaxed or eliminated, often resulting in the acquisition of low-quality items that do not meet Venezuelan food preferences or quality standards. The objective of this work is to describe, through the Venezuelan case, how the food security infrastructure of a country can be dismantled. We address (1) the development of institutions dedicated to promoting food security and nutrition and the recent dismantling of the sector; (2) the creation, characteristics, and weakness of the CLAP program; and (3) the current food insecurity crisis and the attempts to provide humanitarian help to the Venezuelan population.

scholarly journals Tinjauan tentang Alih Fungsi Lahan Sawah ke Non Sawah dan Dampaknya di Pulau Jawa

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
NFN Ashari
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Government ◽  
Wetland Conversion

<strong>English</strong><br />The objective the paper is to elaborate some aspects those related to wetland conversion in Java. Although the wetland conversion data are various, it is predicted that not less than 40,000 ha per year of wetland in Java are converted to non agricultural uses. This phenomenon could threaten food security because Java is well known as the main rice producing area in Indonesia. This study shows that Java still contributes significantly to national rice production, i.e., on average more than 50 percent per year. Nevertheless, the long term wetland conversion can create a serious problem, especially in the matter of rice self sufficiency, if it is not well managed immediately. To anticipate the effects of wetland conversion, the government has implemented an area extensification program on wetland outside Java. Furthermore, the government has released many rules to protect agricultural land in Java from conversion to non agricultural uses. However, implementation those rules are not effective.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Makalah ini bertujuan melihat beberapa aspek yang berkaitan dengan alih fungsi lahan sawah di Pulau Jawa. Terjadinya alih fungsi lahan dikhawatirkan dapat mengganggu produksi pangan di Indonesia, karena selama ini Pulau Jawa menjadi andalan dalam produksi beras nasional. Diperkirakan tidak kurang dari 40.000 ha per tahun lahan sawah terkonversi ke penggunaan non sawah. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa Pulau Jawa masih tetap menjadi lumbung padi nasional, terbukti dari kontribusinya yang selalu lebih besar dari 50 persen. Namun, dalam jangka panjang konversi lahan sawah di Pulau Jawa dapat mengancam kecukupan pangan di Indonesia. Untuk mengantisipasinya pemerintah telah mengambil langkah dengan program pencetakan lahan sawah di luar Jawa. Di samping itu juga telah diterbitkan berbagai peraturan/perundang-undangan untuk melindungi lahan pertanian, walaupun implementasinya belum berjalan dengan efektif.

scholarly journals A Country Scenarioes of Food Security and Governance in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Kashem ◽  
MAA Faroque
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Access To Food

The Government of Bangladesh has identified food security as an important factor contributing to its socio-economic stabilization and development. Bangladesh has made a steady progress in the expansion of food production. But because of the increasing population pressure there has been an extensive use of land to meet the growing demand for food. Despite the growth in food production and its availability, food insecurity is still a major problem mainly because of the lack of purchasing power and thus of access to food, especially for the ultra poor community. This paper focuses on the availability of food as an essential element of the concept of food security and role of government to get food sufficiency. In addition to rice and wheat that constitute the staple food of Bangladesh, the paper deals with the production and availability issues of other major food commodities, such as potato, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables and fruits, and fisheries and livestock products. The food production of the country both rice and wheat, was 10.46 million metric tons in the 1971-72. Bangladesh attained self sufficiency in food production in 2010-2011 with a gross production of rice and wheat of 35.3 million metric tons which marginally met the country’s requirement of 23.64 million metric tones for the population of 148.69 million, taking 453.6 g per capita per day requirement. Production of vegetables and fruits has increased, from 1.5 million tons and 1.46 million tons in 2001-02 to 7.19 million tons and 3.56 million tons in 2009-10 respectively. Fish production increase from 2.0 million tons in 2001-02 to 3.0 million tons in 2010-11. Livestock product (meat, milk and egg) has also increase 50% over that last ten years. Of these, domestic production is critical in ensuring food availability at both national and household levels. Government of Bangladesh is trying to integrate and address all the elements associated with food security to achieve touch the MDG setting for the country. However, in recent years, the Government is putting additional efforts to increase production of important food crops as well as fisheries and livestock. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v9i1-2.14646 J. Sci. Foundation, 9(1&2): 41-50, June-December 2011

scholarly journals Atributos de confianza, normas y certificación. Comparación de estándares para hortalizas

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Compés López
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Voluntary Standards ◽  
Independent Entity ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fresh Tomato ◽  
Optimal Quantity

European consumers are demanding more trust attributes for the safety of products and the origins or methods of the food production chain. The supply of these attributes in the optimal quantity makes it necessary and very often the participation of a third party: the government if there are externalities derived from consumption and production of these attributes, i.e. through obligatory standards, or an independent entity to certify the fulfilment of a voluntary standard. In the vegetable sector, in general, and in the fresh tomato production, in particular, the number of these obligatory norms and voluntary standards has raised considerably in the last few years. This proliferation has created a problem of information and knowledge for consumers and producers, who need to know the differences in order to decide what to do. By comparing the main voluntary standards, we see that the greatest coincidences are established in the food security chapter. Therefore, there are more demanding standards due to a greater number of fixed requirements and a higher exigency level. EUREPGAP and AENOR are the more complete standards. The first has the advantage of reducing the transaction costs between the promoting supermarkets and their vegetable suppliers and, at the same time, is becoming a barrier for selling to them.

scholarly journals Impacts of Agroforestry in Agricultural Sustainabilty and Food Security in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
A. O. Ogunsiji ◽  
T. O. Ibrahim ◽  
O. A. Oni
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agroforestry Practices

The first essential component of social and economic justice is adequate food production. Food plays a vital role in the life of mankind and it keeps the body functioning. Nigeria is a country richly blessed with abundant natural and human resources that if properly utilized can feed its people, yet it is experiencing persistent food crisis both in terms of quantity and quality. Food security is the ability of people to meet their required level of food consumption at all times. Food insecurity has been a major concern in Nigeria where peasant farmers lack the skill and capital to produce large quantity of farm produce that will meet the nation’s need. Agroforestry which combines growing of trees with the production of other crops or animal has been a widely used system for combating food insecurity which also reduces the risk of crop failure during adverse conditions such as prolong drought period and other natural calamities due to climate change. Through agroforestry practices, food production, improved soil fertility, health and increasing economic income of rural people can be properly tackled in the country. Research into agroforestry practices should be properly disseminated to rural farmers so that they can adopt the system. Also, government policies, research institute and other agricultural schemes that has been set up by the government should work towards making farmers adopt and apply agroforestry strategies in the country.

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