Drought Analysis for the Seyhan Basin with NDVI and VCI Vegetation Indices

Vegetation Indices ◽

Condition Index ◽

Drought Indices ◽

Drought Risk ◽

Management Plans

Abstract Various drought indices have been developed to monitor the drought, which is one of the results of climate change and mitigates its adverse effects on water resources, especially agriculture. Vegetation indices determined by remote sensing have been the subject of many studies in recent years and shed light on drought risk management. This study is examined in the Seyhan River Basin, a basin with Turkey’s considerable population density counts and is situated south of the country. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) are the most widely used vegetation indices and are very useful because they give results only based on satellite images. This study examined the Seyhan Basin by using satellite data in which the vegetation transformation occurring due to the decline of agricultural and forest areas was also seen. An increase in drought frequency was detected in the Seyhan Basin using NDVI and VCI indices. It was determined that climate change and drought increased with a linear uptrend. It is recommended that decision-makers should take the necessary measures by considering the drought risk maps and that long-term drought management plans should be made and implemented.

Impacts of Drought on Vegetation Assessed by Vegetation Indices and Meteorological Factors in Afghanistan

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs12152433 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (15) ◽

pp. 2433 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Iman Rousta ◽

Haraldur Olafsson ◽

Md Moniruzzaman ◽

Hao Zhang ◽

Yuei-An Liou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Surface ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Vegetation Indices ◽

Condition Index ◽

Vegetation Coverage ◽

P Value ◽

Human Society ◽

Time Series Regression ◽

Drought Conditions

Drought has severe impacts on human society and ecosystems. In this study, we used data acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) sensors to examine the drought effects on vegetation in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2018. The MODIS data included the 16-day 250-m composites of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) with Land Surface Temperature (LST) images with 1 km resolution. The TRMM data were monthly rainfalls with 0.1-degree resolution. The relationship between drought and index-defined vegetation variation was examined by using time series, regression analysis, and anomaly calculation. The results showed that the vegetation coverage for the whole country, reaching the lowest levels of 6.2% and 5.5% were observed in drought years 2001 and 2008, respectively. However, there is a huge inter-regional variation in vegetation coverage in the study period with a significant rising trend in Helmand Watershed with R = 0.66 (p value = 0.05). Based on VCI for the same two years (2001 and 2008), 84% and 72% of the country were subject to drought conditions, respectively. Coherently, TRMM data confirm that 2001 and 2008 were the least rainfall years of 108 and 251 mm, respectively. On the other hand, years 2009 and 2010 were registered with the largest vegetation coverage of 16.3% mainly due to lower annual LST than average LST of 14 degrees and partially due to their slightly higher annual rainfalls of 378 and 425 mm, respectively, than the historical average of 327 mm. Based on the derived VCI, 28% and 21% of the study area experienced drought conditions in 2009 and 2010, respectively. It is also found that correlations are relatively high between NDVI and VCI (r = 0.77, p = 0.0002), but slightly lower between NDVI and precipitation (r = 0.51, p = 0.03). In addition, LST played a key role in influencing the value of NDVI. However, both LST and precipitation must be considered together in order to properly capture the correlation between drought and NDVI.

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

INVESTIGATING MANGROVE FRAGMENTATION CHANGES USING LANDSCAPE METRICS

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w18-159-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol XLII-4/W18 ◽

pp. 159-162

Author(s):

M. Baharlouii ◽

D. Mafi Gholami ◽

M. Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Landscape Metrics ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Landsat Images ◽

Surrounding Water ◽

Maximum Likelihood Classification ◽

High Degree ◽

Drought Occurrence

Abstract. Generally, investigation of long-term mangroves fragmentation changes can be used as an important tool in assessing sensitivity and vulnerability of these ecosystems to the multiple environmental hazards. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal the trend of mangroves fragmentation changes in Khamir habitat using satellite imagery and Fragstats software during a 30-year period (1986–2016). To this end, Landsat images of 1986, 1998, and 2016 were used and after computing the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to distinguish mangroves from surrounding water and land areas, images were further processed and classified into two types of land cover (i.e., mangrove and non-mangrove areas) using the maximum likelihood classification method. By determining the extent of mangroves in the Khamir habitat in the years of 1986, 1998 and 2017, the trend of fragmentation changes was quantified using CA, NP, PD and LPI landscape metrics. The results showed that the extent of mangroves in Khamir habitat (CA) decreased in the period post-1998 (1998–2016). The results also showed that, the NP and PD increased in the period of post-1998 and in contrast, the LPI decrease in this period. These results revealed the high degree of vulnerability of mangroves in Khamir habitat to the drought occurrence and are thus threatened by climate change. We hope that the results of this study stimulate further climate change adaptation planning efforts and help decision-makers prioritize and implement conservative measures in the mangrove ecosystems on the northern coasts of the PG and the GO and elsewhere.

IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT EXTENT BASED ON VCI USING SENTINEL DATA: A CASE STUDY OF THE EASTERN OF IAŞI COUNTY

Present Environment and Sustainable Development ◽

10.15551/pesd2019132013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 179-186

Author(s):

Paul Macarof ◽

Florian Statescu ◽

Cristian Iulian Birlica ◽

Paul Gherasim

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Index ◽

European Space Agency ◽

Condition Index ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Natural Phenomena ◽

Space Agency ◽

Sentinel 2

In this study was analyzed zones affected by drought using Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), that is based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). This fact, drought, is one of the most wide -spread and least understood natural phenomena. In this paper was used remote sensing (RS) data, kindly provided by The European Space Agency (ESA), namely Sentinel-2 (S-2) Multispectral Instrument (MSI) and wellkonwn images Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). The RS images was processed in SNAP and ArcMap. Study Area, was considered the eastern of Iasi county. The main purpose of paper was to investigating if Sentinel images can be used for VCI analysis.

Spectral Index-Based Monitoring (2000–2017) in Lowland Forests to Evaluate the Effects of Climate Change

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences9100411 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 411 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ferenc Kovács ◽

András Gulácsi

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Vegetation Indices ◽

Climate Extremes ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Great Plain ◽

Data Series ◽

Water Shortages

In the next decades, climate change will put forests in the Hungarian Great Plain in the Carpathian Basin to the test, e.g., changing seasonal patterns, more intense storms, longer dry periods, and pests are expected to occur. To aid in the decision-making process for the conservation of ecosystems depending on forestry, how woods could adapt to changing meso- and microclimatic conditions in the near future needs to be defined. In addition to trendlike warming processes, calculations show an increase in climate extremes, which need to be monitored in accordance with spatial planning, at least for medium-scale mappings. We can use the MODIS sensor dataset if up-to-date terrestrial conditions and multi-decadal geographical processes are of interest. For geographic evaluations of changes, we used vegetation spectral indices; Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), based on the summer half year, 16-day MODIS data composites between 2000 and 2017 in an intensively forested study area in the Hungarian Great Plain. We delineated forest areas on the Danube–Tisza Interfluve using Corine Land Cover maps (2000, 2006, and 2012). Mid-year changes over the nearly two-decade-long period are currently in balance; however, based on their reactions, forests are highly sensitive to abrupt changes caused by extreme climatic events. The higher occurrence of years or periods with extreme water shortages marks an observable decrease in biomass production, even in shorter index time series, such as that between 2004 and 2012. In the drought-stricken July-August periods, the effect of a dry year, subsequent to years with more precipitation, immediately pushes back the green mass and the reduction in the biomass production could become persistent, according to climatology predictions. The changes of specific sub-periods in the vegetation period can be evaluated even in a relatively short, 18-year data series, including the change in the growing values of the vegetative growth in spring or the increase in the summertime biomass production. Standardized differences highlight spatial differences in the biomass production; in response to years with the highest (negative) biomass difference; typically, the northern and southwestern parts of the Danube–Tisza Interfluve in the study area have longer lasting losses in biomass production. A comparison of NDVI and EVI values with the PaDI drought index and the vegetation indices of LANDSAT Operational Land Imager sensor respectively confirms our results.

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

THE ESTIMATE OF THE SPATIAL-TEMPORAL FEATURES OF VEGETATION COVER OF KAZAKHSTAN BASED ON TIME SERIES SATELLITE INDECES IN 2000-2015

10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b8-1067-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol XLI-B8 ◽

pp. 1067-1071

Author(s):

I. Vitkovskaya ◽

M. Batyrbayeva ◽

L. Spivak

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Vegetation Indices ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Condition Index ◽

Negative Trend ◽

Positive Trend ◽

High Productivity ◽

Temporal Features

The article presents the evaluation of spatial-temporal characteristics of Kazakhstan arid and semi-arid areas' vegetation on the basis of time series of differential and integral vegetation indices. It is observed the negative trend of integral indices for the period of 2000-2015. This fact characterizes the increase of stress influence of weather conditions on vegetation in Kazakhstan territory during last decade. Simultaneously there is a positive trend of areas of zones with low values of IVCI index. Zoning of the territory of Kazakhstan was carried out according to the long-term values of the normalized integral vegetation index, which is characteristic of the accumulated amount of green season biomass. Negative trend is marked for areas of high productivity zones, long-term changes in the areas of low productivity zones have tend to increase. However long-term values of the area of the middle zone are insignificantly changed. Location boundaries of this zone in the latitudinal direction connects with a weather conditions of the year: all wet years, the average area is located between 46°- 49°N, and the all dry years - between 47°30'- 54°N. The map of frequency of droughts was formed by low values of the integral vegetation condition index which calculated from satellite data.

Development of forest cover mask to monitor the health condition of forests in Poland using long-term satellite observations

Forest Research Papers ◽

10.1515/frp-2016-0016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 141-150

Author(s):

Maciej Bartold

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Index ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Vegetation Indices ◽

Forest Health ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Forest Regions ◽

The Impact

Abstract The work presented here aims at developing cover mask for monitoring forest health in Poland using remote sensing data. The main objective was to assess the impact of using the mask on forest condition monitoring combined with vegetation indices obtained from long-term satellite data. In this study, a new mask developed from the CORINE Land Cover 2012 (CLC2012) database is presented and its one-kilometer pixel size matched to low-resolution data derived from SPOT VEGETATION satellite registrations. For vegetation mapping, only pixels with a cover ≥ 50% of broad-leaved and mixed forests defined by CLC2012 were taken into account. The masked pixels were used to evaluate spatial variability in eight Natural-Forest Regions (NFRs). The largest coverages by masked forests were obtained in Sudetian (65.7%), Carpathian (65.9%) and Baltic (51.3%) regions. For other forest regions the coverage was observed to be around 30-50%. Time-series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) comprising SPOT VEGETATION images from 1998 until 2014 were computed and cross-comparison analyses on ≥ 50% and < 50% forest cover masks brought up frequent differences at a level higher than 0.05 NDVI in seven out of eight NFRs. An exception is the Sudetian region, where the data was highly consistent. Furthermore, the Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test revealed statistically significant differences in two regions: Baltic and Masurian-Podlasie NFR. The comparative analysis of NDVI confirmed that there is a need for additional investigation of the quality of newly developed forest mask combined with vegetation and meteorological data.

Effects of Droughts on Vegetation Condition and Ecosystem Service Delivery in Data-Poor Areas: A Case of Bobirwa Sub-District, Limpopo Basin and Botswana

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12198185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (19) ◽

pp. 8185

Author(s):

Ephias Mugari ◽

Hillary Masundire ◽

Maitseo Bolaane

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Index ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Condition Index ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Rainfall Anomaly ◽

Wet Season ◽

Vegetation Condition ◽

Drought Occurrence

Understanding the effects of droughts on vegetation and ecosystem services (ES) is important for climate change adaptation. However, drought occurrence varies across space and time. We examined drought dynamics and impacts on vegetation and ES in the semi-arid Limpopo Basin of Botswana. Weather station precipitation, remotely sensed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and participatory mapping exercises provided data for the analyses. Results show that between 1980 and 2015, rainfall anomaly indices of potential drought years ranged between −4.38 and −0.12. The longest spell of below-average rainfall occurred between 1992 and 1996. On average, drought events lasted for 1.9 years and recurred every 2.3 years. Although the overall drought frequency was 3.7 times in every 5 years, drought prevalence increased to 50%, 60% and 70% between 1981–1990, 1991–2000, and 2001–2010, respectively. The wet season average vegetation condition index between 2000 and 2015 revealed the occurrence of severe-to-extreme droughts in 2002–2003, 2005, 2008–2009 and 2012–2013 and light-to-moderate droughts in 2004, 2006–2007 and 2011, giving a drought prevalence of 73.3%. The increased frequency and severity of droughts is diminishing natural vegetation, crop productivity and several provisioning ES through moisture stress and drought-induced agricultural expansions. There exists an urgent need for smallholder irrigation development in Bobirwa sub-district to improve crop productivity and reduce the drought-induced conversion of woodlands to agriculture.

Is Drought Increasing in Maine and Hurting Wild Blueberry Production?

Climate ◽

10.3390/cli9120178 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 178

Author(s):

Kallol Barai ◽

Rafa Tasnim ◽

Bruce Hall ◽

Parinaz Rahimzadeh-Bajgiran ◽

Yong-Jiang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Index ◽

Vegetation Indices ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Water Conditions ◽

Wild Blueberries ◽

The Impact ◽

Wild Blueberry

A few severe drought events occurred in the Northeast (NE) USA in recent decades and caused significant economic losses, but the temporal pattern of drought incidents and their impacts on agricultural systems have not been well assessed. Here, we analyzed historical changes and patterns of drought using a drought index (standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI)), and assessed drought impacts on remotely sensed vegetation indices (enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)) and production (yield) of the wild blueberry fields in Maine, USA. We also analyzed the impact of short- and long-term water conditions of the growing season on the wild blueberry vegetation condition and production. No significant changes in the SPEI were found in the past 71 years, despite a significant warming pattern. There was also a significant relationship between the relatively long-term SPEI and the vegetation indices (EVI and NDVI), but not the short-term SPEI (one year). This suggests that the crop vigor of wild blueberries is probably determined by water conditions over a relatively long term. There were also significant relationships between 1-year water conditions (SPEI) and yield for a non-irrigated field, and between 4-year-average SPEI and the yield of all fields in Maine. The vegetation indices (EVI and NDVI) are not good predictors of wild blueberry yield, possibly because wild blueberry yield does not only depend on crop vigor, but also on other important variables such as pollination. We also compared an irrigated and a non-irrigated wild blueberry field at the same location (Deblois, Maine) where we found that irrigation decoupled the relationship between the SPEI and NDVI or EVI.

Vegetation condition index pattern (2002-2007) over Indian agro-climate regions, using of GIS and SPOT sensor NDVI data

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v4i2.252 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 214-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kishan Singh Rawat ◽

Anil Kumar Mishra ◽

Rakesh Kumar ◽

Jitendra Singh

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Index ◽

Condition Index ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Climatic Region ◽

Time Data ◽

Data Set ◽

Vegetation Condition ◽

Satellite Sensor

This study describes the Vegetation Condition Index in the near-real-time with help of SPOT based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for Agro climatic-region of India and gave the development pattern in last six year (2002-2007) over the study area of India using decadal time data set from SPOT satellite sensor for 2002-2007 time periods. The each Agro-climatic region of study, 1°x1° degree in area, part of India agro-climate regions, has been taken for analysis using remote sensing and Geographical Information System (RS and GIS)methods, SPOT satellite sensor NDVI data, and from processed data set (geo-referenced data set), cut out 1°x1° degree of area by preparing a layers representing Agro-climatic region of India as base mapping units (BMU),The results indicated that NDVI index is only water stress over vegetation while VCI is an appropriate index for vegetation pattern monitoring over study area. As satellite observations provide better spatial and temporal coverage, the VCI based system will provide efficient tools for management of the improvement of agricultural planning. This system will serve as a prototype in the other parts of the world where ground observations are limited or not available.