scholarly journals Effects of High Fiber Ingredients with Enzyme/Phytoadditive Addition on Laying Hens Productive Performances, Egg Nutritional Quality and Intestinal Morphology

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-23
Author(s):  
Tatiana Dumitra Panaite ◽  
Maria Gabriela Cornescu ◽  
Mihaela Saracila ◽  
Mariana Ropota ◽  
Silviu Ionuţ Beia
Keyword(s):  
Egg Quality ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
High Fiber

Abstract Fibre inclusion in laying hen diets it is considered a solution to reduce feed formulation costs by improving nutrients absorption and metabolization within the gastrointestinal tract. A 5-wk study was conducted on 200, Tetra SL layers (28 weeks) randomly allocated in 5 groups (C, E1, E2, E3, E4, respectively), with initial average weights of 1732.26±109.35 g/hen, housed (4 hens/cage; 10 cages/group; 40 hens/group). All groups had the same basic feed compound structure (corn, oil, soybean meal and sunflower meal). The conventional diet (C group) contained 2780 kcal/kg Metabolizable energy (ME); 17.5% Crude protein (CP); 4.39% Crude fibre (CF). The experimental diets added 16.56% sunflower meal and 20% rice bran, increasing the dietary cellulose up to 7%. The fibre digestibility was improved using on E2 (0.015% enzyme); E3 (0.015% phytoadditive) and E4 (0.015% enzyme + 0.015% phytoadditive). The high fibre diets had no negative impact on productive performances and egg quality parameters. Yolk cholesterol significantly decreased (P<0.05) on E1, E3 and E4 groups compared to C, E2 groups. Villi height increased significantly (P<0.05) on E2 group compared to all other groups. In conclusion, the high dietary crude fibre (7%), additional enzymes/phyto additives, can improve the nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology with beneficial effects on health and egg quality.

scholarly journals Effects of Collection Durations on the Determination of Energy Values and Nutrient Digestibility of High-Fiber Diets in Growing Pigs by Total Fecal Collection Method

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengqun Liu ◽  
Ruqing Zhong ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Fei Xie ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fecal Collection

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of collection durations on the energy values and nutrient digestibility of high-fiber diets in growing pigs with a time-based total fecal collection method. A total of 24 barrows (body weight (BW): 31.1 ± 1.5 kg) were allotted to a completely randomized design with three diets. Diets included a corn–soybean meal (CSM) basal diet and two additional diets containing 20% sugar beet pulp (SBP) or defatted rice bran (DFRB) by replacing corn, soybean meal, and soybean oil in the CSM diet, respectively. Each diet was fed to eight barrows for a 7-day adaptation period followed by a 7-day total feces and urine collection period. The 7-day collection duration was divided into three collection phases, namely, phase 1 (days 8 to 11), phase 2 (days 11 to 13), and phase 3 (days 13 to 15). Then, similar portions of feces and urine from the different collection phases were composited into three additional samples (days 8 to 11, days 8 to 13, and days 8 to 15, respectively). The results showed that the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and nutrient in experimental diets decreased linearly as the collection durations increased from a 3-day to a 7-day collection (p < 0.05). However, there were no differences in the energy values, GE, and nutrient digestibility of diets and of high-fiber ingredients between the 5-day and 7-day collection durations. In conclusion, this study suggests that a 5-day collection duration is adequate to determine the energy values and nutrient digestibility of high-fiber diets containing SBP or DFRB in growing pigs by the time-based total fecal collection method.

scholarly journals Effect of different phosphorus levels on the performance and egg quality of laying hens fed wheat- and maize-based diets

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 420-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Skřivan ◽  
M. Englmaierová ◽  
V. Skřivanová
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Diet Type ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The effects of diet type (wheat- or maize-based) and concentration of available phosphorus (AP; about 4, 3 and 2 g/kg) on the parameters of hen performance and egg quality as well as shell calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) contents were examined. Two experiments were carried out in which 240 and 120, respectively, older ISA Brown hens were housed in enriched cages. The interaction of diet type and AP concentration was ascertained for all evaluated characteristics except the amount of Ca and P deposited in shells in the first experiment. In the second experiment, the interaction of diet type and AP concentration was found for feed intake, egg weight, shell thickness and weight as well as the albumen quality parameters. Furthermore, Ca deposition in shells increased (P &lt; 0.001) with the wheat diet. Hens fed a maize-based diet (P &lt; 0.001) laid heavier eggs. The highest level of AP (4.1 g/kg) in the wheat-based diet significantly (P &lt; 0.001) decreased albumen height, albumen index and Haugh units (HU). These trends were the same in both experiments. The results indicate that 0.27% AP in wheat-based diet and 0.30% AP in maize-based diet are adequate for hens with the intake 115 g of feed with 3.5% of Ca without a negative impact on performance or egg quality.

Effect of the bacterial or fungal origin of exogenous xylanases supplemented to a wheat-based diet on performance of broiler chickens and nutrient digestibility of the diet

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vandeplas ◽  
R D Dauphin ◽  
P. Thonart ◽  
A. Théwis ◽  
Y. Beckers
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Two identical experiments were carried out to study the effects of four xylanases from bacterial or fungal origin supplemented to a wheat-based diet, on growth performance of broiler chickens and nutrient digestibilities. Experimental treatments consisted of a control basal diet containing 600 g kg-1 wheat (C), and the basal diet supplemented with 0.1 g kg-1 Grindazyme G from Aspergillus niger (G), 0.1 g kg-1 Belfeed B1100MP from Bacillus subtilis (B), 0.1 g kg-1 Roxazyme G from Trichoderma viride (R), or 0.0125 g kg-1 of a xylanase from Aspergillus aculeatus (A). Each experimental diet was given to four groups of six chickens each. Growth performance and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly, from 7 to 21 d of age. In the second experiment, a digestion balance trial was performed from 27 to 31 d of age to evaluate the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) and the digestibilities of nitrogen, crude fat, starch and crude fibre. From 7 to 21 d of age, xylanase supplementation led to increased final body weight and daily weight gain, by 3.7 and 4.5 % (P < 0.05), respectively, without significant difference according to the xylanase origin. Xylanase supplementation significantly increased the AMEn (+2.6 %), and the digestibilities of crude fibre (+58.9 %) and nitrogen (+1.6 %). Increase in AMEn as well as in crude fat and starch digestibilities were significantly different according to the xylanase, but were not dependent on fungal or bacterial origin. In conclusion, the microbial origin of xylanases supplemented to wheat-based diets influenced neither the performance of broiler chickens nor the improvement in nutrient digestibilities.Key words: Broiler, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, wheat, xylanase

scholarly journals Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, metabolizable energy, and intestinal morphology of growing turkeys fed diet supplemented with arginine

2017 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O. Oso ◽  
G.A. Williams ◽  
O.O. Oluwatosin ◽  
A.M. Bamgbose ◽  
A.O. Adebayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Intestinal Morphology

scholarly journals Is Palm Kernel Cake a Suitable Alternative Feed Ingredient for Poultry?

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Mohammad Naeem Azizi ◽  
Teck Chwen Loh ◽  
Hooi Ling Foo ◽  
Eric Lim Teik Chung
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
High Fiber

Palm kernel cake (PKC), a by-product of oil extracted from palm nuts through expeller press or solvent extraction procedures is one of the highest quantities of locally available and potentially inexpensive agricultural product. PKC provides approximately 14–18% of crude protein (CP), 12–20% crude fiber (CF), 3–9% ether extract (EE), and different amounts of various minerals that feasible to be used as a partial substitute of soybean meal (SBM) and corn in poultry nutrition. Poultry’s digestibility is reported to be compromised due to the indigestion of the high fiber content, making PKC potentially low for poultry feeding. Nevertheless, solid-state fermentation (SSF) can be applied to improve the nutritional quality of PKC by improving the CP and reducing CF content. PKC also contains β-mannan polysaccharide, which works as a prebiotic. However, there is a wide variation for the inclusion level of PKC in the broiler diet. These variations may be due to the quality of PKC, its sources, processing methods and value-added treatment. It has been documented that 10–15% of treated PKC could be included in the broiler’s diets. The inclusion levels will not contribute to a negative impact on the growth performances and carcass yield. Furthermore, it will not compromise intestinal microflora, morphology, nutrient digestibility, and immune system. PKC with a proper SSF process (FPKC) can be offered up to 10–15% in the diets without affecting broilers’ production performance.

scholarly journals Weight for weight replacement of wheat offal with cassava root sievate in growing rabbit diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
L. T Egbeyale ◽  
O. M. O. Idowu ◽  
O. M Sogunle ◽  
T. A. Amole ◽  
B. O Ogundipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Cassava Root

A ten week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the dietary effect of Cassava Root Sievate (CRS) based diet on the performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters and carcass characteristics of weaner rabbits. Forty-eight (48) crossbred, 7 weeks old weaner rabbits were used in the feeding trial in a completely randomized design. The CRS replaced wheat offal at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%, respectively resulting in seven dietary treatments, respectively. No significant (P>0.05) difference was observed between the rabbits fed the CRS and control diets in all the performance indices except the daily and final body weight. Weight gain however decreased significantly (P<0.05) as the CRS level increased in the diet. The treatment effect was significant (P<0.05) with the highest crude protein, crude fibre and dry matter digestibility values recorded for the rabbit in the control group. Daily energy intake and retained, digestible energy, metabolizable energy and gross energy were similar (P>0.05) across treatments. Biological value and apparent nitrogen digestibility were significantly (P<0.05) decreased with increased CRS level. Blood serum metabolites of the rabbits were also positively (P<0.05) influenced by the treatments. The carcass characteristics showed significance (P<0.05) in terms of carcass yield percentage with 20% CRS treatment group having the highest carcass yield percentage. It was concluded in this study that CRS could be included in weaner rabbit diets up to 20% without compromising performance, carcass yield, digestibility and nutrient utilization.

scholarly journals Potential of acha (Digitaria spp.) grains as feedstuff for chicken diets in the wake of Covid-19 pandemic challenges: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
C. I. Ukim ◽  
E. K. Ndelekwute ◽  
O. O. Kennedy ◽  
A. A. Ayuk ◽  
L. N. Agwunobi
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
High Price ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
Cereal Grain

Current fall in supply of feedstuff and high price of feed ingredients is mainly due to Covid-19 pandemic which has put farmers out of farms. Maize, sorghum and millet the major cereal grains used in poultry feed production have become more expensive and strategies need to be adopted to ameliorate this. Hence a review study was carried out to unravel the potentials of acha grains as a feedstuff which is in the class of maize in poultry feeds. Acha is a tiny cereal grain grown in Northern part of Nigeria which is not popular in poultry feeds. Its starch content (80%) is high, low crude fibre (1.0%), appreciable level of lysine (more than 1.0%) and methionine (0.40%) and higher metabolizable energy (3700 Kcal_ME/kg) compared to maize. Its nutrient digestibility is high in terms of starch, crude protein and crude fibre. Though acha contains anti-nutritional factors such as tannins, saponin and phytic acid, the levels of the anti-nutritional factors are comparable to maize and are tolerated by chickens. Both the polished and unpolished acha grains could be used in place of maize, sorghum and millet. With vast area of land in Northern part of Nigeria, production and supply of acha to feed millers could be sustained, which could lead to a reduction in the price of maize and improved profit maximization by farmers.     La baisse actuelle de l'offre d'aliments pour animaux et le prix élevé des ingrédients alimentaires sont principalement dus à la pandémie de Covid-19 qui a poussé les agriculteurs à quitter les fermes. Le maïs, le sorgho et le millet, les principales céréales utilisées dans la production d'aliments pour la volaille, sont devenues plus chères et des stratégies doivent être adoptées pour y remédier. Par conséquent, une étude de revue a été menée pour démêler le potentiel des grains d'acha en tant qu'aliment qui appartient à la classe du maïs dans les aliments pour volaille. Acha est une minuscule céréale cultivée dans la partie nord du Nigéria qui n'est pas populaire dans les aliments pour volaille. Sa teneur en amidon (80%) est élevée, faible en fibres brutes (1.0%), un niveau appréciable de lysine (plus de 1.0%) et de méthionine (0.40%) et une énergie métabolisable plus élevée (3700 Kcal_ME / kg) par rapport au maïs. Sa digestibilité des nutriments est élevée en termes d'amidon, de protéines brutes et de fibres brutes. Bien que l'acha contienne des facteurs antinutritionnels tels que les tanins, la saponine et l'acide phytique, les niveaux des facteurs antinutritionnels sont comparables à ceux du maïs et sont tolérés par les poulets. Les grains d'acha polis et non polis peuvent être utilisés à la place du maïs, du sorgho et du millet. Avec une vaste superficie de terres dans la partie nord du Nigéria, la production et la fourniture d'acha aux meuniers pourraient être soutenues, ce qui pourrait entraîner une réduction du prix du maïs et une meilleure maximisation des profits par les agriculteurs.

scholarly journals The Composition, Nutrient Digestibility and Energy Value of Maize Cobs, Yam Peels and Plantain Peels for Three Weight Groups of Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
B. L. Fetuga ◽  
G. M. Babatunde ◽  
O. A. Olusanya ◽  
V. A. Oyenuga
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Weight Groups ◽  
Maize Cobs ◽  
Proximate And Mineral Composition ◽  
Better Than

THE proximate and mineral composition of yellow maize (YM), maize cobs (MC), yam peels (YP) and plantain peels (PP) were determined. Their digestion coefficients for dry matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fibre (CF) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) were determined with 48 pigs at 18, 45 and 65 kg liveweight. In a second trial 60 pigs of similar weights were used to determine the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and nitrogen corrected ME (ME) for a basal diet and these feeds in diets in which 40; by weight of the test ingredients were added to the basal diet. The digestion coefficents of DM, CP, CF and EE for YM (92.0, 86.0, 76.7 and 88.6% respectively) were significantly better than the values of 83.4, 54.2, 71.7 and 38.4 and 79.5, 57.7, 70.2 and 55.7{ observed for YP and PP respectively. MC had significantly the least digestion coefficients for these nutrients (27.9, -18.5, 51.7 and 17.1%). The 18 kg pigs digested DM and CF to a lesser extent than the 45 or 65 kg pigs. There were no significant differences in CP, EE and NFE digestibility between weight groups. The DE and ME values of 3.14 and 2.98 and 3.15 and 2.94 kcals/g for YP and PP respectively were identical but significantly lower than the values of 4.0 and 3.68 for YM, MC had significantly the least DE, ME and ME% values. The ME values of 3.49, 2.95 and 2.94 kcal/g for YM, YP and PP were not significantly different, There were no significant differences in DE, ME or ME between the weight groups.

scholarly journals Effects of Sunflower Meal Supplementation as a Complementary Protein Source in the Laying Hen’s Diet on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Nutrient Digestibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3557
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Saleh ◽  
Ahmed El-Awady ◽  
Khairy Amber ◽  
Yahya Z. Eid ◽  
Mohammed H. Alzawqari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The practical usage of untraditional feedstuffs such as sunflower meal (SFM) in laying hens nutrition in developing countries has received considerable attention. SFM is a by-product of the sunflower oil industry and has been progressively added to bird’s diets. Sunflower meal (SFM) is gaining great interest as a feed ingredient due to its eminent crude protein content, low anti-nutritional compounds, and low price. The current experiment was aimed to assess the production efficiency, egg quality, yolk fatty acids composition, and nutrient digestibility of laying hens fed SFM. A total of 162 Bovans Brown laying hens aged 60 weeks old were randomly allocated using a completely randomized design into three experimental groups of nine replicates each (n = six/replicate) for eight weeks. The dietary treatments involved a control (basal diet) and two levels of SFM, 50 and 100 g/kg feed. The dietary treatments did not influence live weight gain, feed intake, and egg mass. On one hand, the laying rate was increased; on the other hand, the feed conversion ratio and broken eggs rate of laying hens were decreased (p < 0.05) by the dietary inclusion of SFM. Dietary treatments had no effect on the egg’s quality characteristics except the yolk color and yolk height were larger (p = 0.01) for laying hens fed SFM compared with those fed the control. Dietary inclusion of SFM decreased (p < 0.05) the content of cholesterol in the egg yolk. Still, it increased the yolk contents of vitamin E, calcium, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and oleic acid (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the dietary inclusion of SFM increased crude protein and calcium digestibility, but decreased the ether extract digestibility. In conclusion, our results suggested that the dietary inclusion of SFM, up to 100 g/kg at a late phase of laying, could improve the production performance, some of the egg quality traits, and nutrient digestibility while decreasing egg yolk cholesterol.

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