scholarly journals ADOPTION OF INTELLIGENCE LED POLICING STRATEGIES AND TECHNOLOGIES IN COMBATING INSECURITY IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 164-184
Author(s):  
Chiji Longinus Ezeji ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Information Gathering ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Intelligence Sharing ◽  
Role Players ◽  
The Military

The changing nature of communities and shifting trend of crime requires that the Nigeria police and role players seek effective strategies to address crime and insecurity in Nigeria. Fundamental changes are needed in the ways information are gathered, assessed, and redistributed by the criminal justice officials, the military and security agencies. The Nigeria police and role players have not been able to win war against crime due to the approaches adopted by them. Many have come up with different theories and recommendations to tackle insecurity in Nigeria, but the strategies were not effective. The paper focuses on the adoption of intelligence led policing strategies, approaches and technologies to combat insecurity in Nigeria. Data was obtained qualitatively; interview technique was used to elicit information from fifty-five participants. Findings reveals that, insecurity has spread to all states of Nigeria, criminals are in possession of sophisticated weapons, incessant killings and kidnappings of Nigerians are predominant, police still rely on reactive model of policing. Recommendations includes; need for increased collaboration, information gathering and intelligence sharing, need for adoption of intelligence led policing strategies, approaches methodologies, technique and technologies for tackling insecurity in Nigeria.

Religion and the Military

2018 ◽  
pp. 535-552
Author(s):  
Leana A. Bouffard ◽  
Haerim Jin
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Offending Patterns ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter provides an overview of the literature examining the role of religion and military service in the desistance process. It also identifies outstanding issues and directions for future research. It first presents an overview of research examining the role of religion in desistance and highlights measurement issues, potential intervening mechanisms, and a consideration of faith-based programs as criminal justice policy. Next, this chapter covers the relationship between military service and offending patterns, including period effects that explain variation in the relationship, selection effects, and the incorporation of military factors in criminal justice policy and programming. The chapter concludes by highlighting general conclusions from these two bodies of research and questions to be considered in future research.

Police Workforce Structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy M. Wilson ◽  
Justin A. Heinonen
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personnel Decisions ◽  
Police Organizations ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
Military Healthcare ◽  
Municipal Police ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Advance Theory ◽  
The Military

Research has long focused on the size of police agencies, giving little attention to the composition of the workforce itself. Literature in fields such as the military, healthcare, organizational psychology, and business, highlights the importance of workforce structures in meeting both organizational and staff needs. Using data from a national survey, we examine personnel cohorts (i.e., distribution of junior, midlevel, and senior sworn staff) as an element of workforce structure in the largest, U.S. municipal police organizations. We describe the importance of cohort structures for enhancing performance (meeting both organizational and individual needs) and assess variation in cohort structures. We discuss the cohorts in light of their effects on personnel management, and highlight the importance of existing cohort structures when considering major personnel decisions such as hiring freezes, furloughs, layoffs, and buyouts. We summarize future research that could advance theory and policy regarding workforce structures in police and other criminal justice organizations.

Introduction: Separate rules for a separate society

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene R. Fidell
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Military Justice ◽  
The Military

The military represents a specialized society within society as a whole. It has a specific purpose: the achievement of military goals that are in contrast to the goals of the larger society, which are, at least in democratic countries, aimed at maximizing individual autonomy. The Introduction outlines what military justice is and explains that the nature and scope of military justice in any particular country will tell a good deal about that country’s political values. It considers several questions: How does the military justice system differ from the civilian criminal justice system? What is a court-martial? What rights does a military accused have?

Military Service and Lifetime Arrests: Examining the Effects of the Total Military Experience on Arrests in a Sample of Prison Inmates

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika J. Brooke ◽  
Jacinta M. Gau
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Prison Inmates ◽  
Civilian Life ◽  
Military Experience ◽  
Entry Length ◽  
Life Trajectories ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Service in the military is an important event that may shape veterans’ life trajectories. Research has shown that military service is associated with increased risk of alcohol and substance abuse, mental illness, and antisocial behaviors, yet it remains unclear whether service places veterans at elevated risk of criminal justice involvement. In addition, most prior research treats military service as a dichotomous variable and does not consider the specific components of the military experience that might affect the impact that service has upon veterans. In the present study, a large sample of state prison inmates is utilized to test for the potential impact of military service, by itself, as well as age of entry, length of service, combat exposure, discharge type, and branch status on lifetime arrests. Results have implications for both military and criminal justice policies in ensuring that veterans have the assistance they need as they re-enter civilian life.

Harm

Liars ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 106-130
Author(s):  
Cass R. Sunstein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
False Statement ◽  
Tax System ◽  
The Military ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Public Health And Safety

A false statement might create risks to public health and safety. It might endanger the operation of the criminal justice system. It might make it difficult to run the tax system. How far should lawmakers and regulators, concerned about truth, go beyond libel? In the modern era, a pervasive concern is the dissemination of falsehoods about actual or potential public officials. Importantly, they might be positive, as, for example, in a statement that a particular candidate served with great distinction in the military, competed in the Olympics, performed heroic actions, or invented some technology. It is important here to focus on the question of harm; if the harm is great enough, regulation should be acceptable. Public officials should have considerable power to regulate deepfakes and doctored videos. They are also entitled to act to protect public health and safety, certainly in the context of lies, and if innocent falsehoods create sufficiently serious risks, to control such falsehoods as well.

scholarly journals Limited Intersectional Approaches to Veteran and Former Prisoner Reintegration: Examining Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Dernberger
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Sociological Imagination ◽  
Formerly Incarcerated ◽  
Prisoner Reintegration ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
The Military

This paper is published in Sociological Imagination. Citation: Dernberger, Brittany. 2017. “Limited Intersectional Approaches to Veteran and Former Prisoner Reintegration: Examining Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation.” Sociological Imagination 53(1): 100-131. Recent legal and policy changes within two prominent institutions, the military and criminal justice system, have profoundly altered the visibility – and subsequent rights – of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) service members and those currently incarcerated. Comparing these two institutions side-by-side illustrates how LGBT inequality mechanisms operate at both an individual and systemic level. Both the military and criminal justice system are total, hypermasculine institutions, both are socially concentrated experiences, both end with a changed relationship with the state, and both veterans and those formerly incarcerated have comparable challenges to reintegration upon returning to their communities. Intersectional analysis provides an apt tool to critically examine how reintegration processes differ for those identifying as LGBT. I examine ways in which existing literature is intersectional and highlight the lack of analyses about systems of power that amplify or moderate former prisoner re-entry and veteran transition for those identifying as LGBT. Finally, I discuss why there may be a lack of attention to intersectionality, and specifically to LGBT individuals, in the literature and address how an intersectional framework would contribute to both public policy and to expanding the existing literature on social inequality and stratification.

scholarly journals The Indonesia's Urgency on Adopting New Approach on Comprehensive Prevention in Countering Terrorism Strategy: Lesson Learnt from the Mako Detention Facility's Riot and East Java Bombs

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-122
Author(s):  
Indah Pangestu Amaritasari
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Suicide Bombing ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Sunday Morning ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Justice Model ◽  
The Military ◽  
New Strategies

Indonesia was confronted with a series of terror attacks in May 2018, among others: riot incidents accompanied by police hostage by terrorist prisoners at Mako Brimob Prison in Kelapa Dua, Depok on May 8, 2018, suicide bombing occurred in three churches simultaneously on Sunday morning, 13 May, suicide bombing at the entrance of Polrestabes Surabaya on May 14th. This series of events shows that terrorism remains a security threat in Indonesia. A number of terror attacks in Indonesia are believed to have been committed by terrorist groups baiting to ISIS. Indonesia in the context of countermeasures against acamanism has done a number of approaches both soft approach and hard approach by using criminal justice model. Nevertheless, Indonesia has modified the criminal justice approach by involving the role of the military. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the various forms associated with hard approach? and how do new strategies also need to be considered looking at existing threats? This paper attempts to explore possible new strategies adopted by Indonesia as a continuation of the UN response to the problem of violent extremism. This paper is a further development of the research results of the Center for National Security Studies (Puskamnas) Bhayangkara Raya University of Jakarta on the global map of terrorism.

Exploring Canadian Veterans’ priorities regarding chronic pain research: A qualitative study

2021 ◽  
pp. e20210045
Author(s):  
Natasha Kithulegoda ◽  
Patricia H. Strachan ◽  
Ramesh Zacharias ◽  
Norman Buckley ◽  
Jason W. Busse
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Pain Centre ◽  
Centre Of Excellence ◽  
The Military ◽  
Pain Care

LAY SUMMARY In 2020, the Canadian Federal Government launched the Chronic Pain Centre of Excellence for Canadian Veterans (CPCoE). A higher proportion of Veterans experience chronic pain than the general population and the Centre wanted to understand what research topics Veterans thought the new Centre should prioritize. One-on-one interviews were conducted with 11 Canadian Veterans living with chronic pain from five provinces. Eight priority areas for future research were determined: 1) pain care in the military, 2) postoperative care in the military, 3) coordination of services through Veterans Affairs Canada, 4) military-to-civilian transition, 5) primary care provider access outside the military, 6) knowledge of pain management among civilian health care providers, 7) engaging Veterans as partners in their care, and 8) identifying effective strategies for chronic pain management. These findings will help guide research efforts of the new CPCoE.

6. Non-interrogatory evidence and covert policing

2021 ◽  
pp. 275-321
Author(s):  
Ed Cape
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Information Gathering ◽  
Police Culture ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the main types of non-interrogatory evidence gathered through criminal justice processes. First we look at witness and identification evidence; like the interviewing of suspects, this is not as straightforward as it might appear. We then move onto entry of premises (eg suspects’ homes, places of work, etc), search of those places and seizure of ‘suspicious’ goods discovered by searches. Whereas most entry and search is known to the suspects and/or owners of the premises concerned, ‘covert’ policing is, by definition, not made known to the subjects of the policing. Covert policing takes many forms: eg, surveillance, ‘undercover’ policing, use of informers, interception of communications. Finally we examine scientific evidence which, like witness evidence, is far from straightforward. There are many problems common to all these types of information-gathering. These include the fragility and ambiguity of what often appears solid and objective; the way they erode human rights; the effect of ‘police culture’ on what is gathered and how it is interpreted; and the lack of accountability for what is done and how it is done.

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