KEBIJAKAN POLITIK KERUKUNAN ANTARAGAMA DI INDONESIA ERA REFORMASI

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-424
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
New Order ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Accommodation Space ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Reality

Indonesian reformation era begins with the fall of President Suharto. Political transition and democratic transition impact in the religious life. Therefore, understandably, when the politic transition is not yet fully reflects the idealized conditions. In addition to the old paradigm that is still attached to the brain of policy makers, various policies to mirror the complexity of stuttering ruler to answer the challenges of religious life. This challenge cannot be separated from the hegemonic legacy of the past, including the politicization of SARA. Hegemony that took place during the New Order period, adversely affected the subsequent transition period. It seems among other things, with airings various conflicts nuances SARA previously muted, forced repressive. SARA issues arise as a result of the narrowing of the accommodation space of the nation state during the New Order regime. The New Order regime has reduced the definition of nation-states is only part of a group of people loyal to the government to deny the diversity of socio-cultural reality in it. To handle the inheritance, every regime in the reform era responds with a pattern and a different approach. It must be realized, that the post-reform era, Indonesia has had four changes of government. The leaders of every regime in the reform era have a different background and thus also have a vision that is different in treating the problem of racial intolerance, particularly against religious aspect. This treatment causes the accomplishment difference each different regimes of dealing with the diversity of race, religion and class that has become the hallmark of Indonesian society.

scholarly journals Suara Mahasiswa dari Dua Kota: Perbandingan Pandangan Isola Pos di Bandung dan Balairung di Yogyakarta terhadap Isu Politik di Indonesia, 1991-1998

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Nisa Rizkiah ◽  
Andi Suwirta ◽  
Encep Supriatna
Keyword(s):  
New Order ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Education Politics ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Government ◽  
Student Press

ABSTRAKSI: Pers mahasiswa menjadi media alternatif pada masa pemerintahan Orde Baru (1966-1998). Pers mahasiswa mampu dan berani melakukan kritik terhadap pemerintah melalui tulisan dalam media yang diterbitkannya. Dengan menggunakan metode historis, hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pers mahasiswa Indonesia, pada periode tahun 1990-an, mulai menunjukan kembali jatidiri dan perannya. “Isola Pos” di Bandung lebih menitikberatkan pemberitaan pada isu-isu besar pendidikan, hal ini karena pendidikan harus dikelola secara benar, jangan dipolitisir, dan harus sesuai dengan cita-cita para pendiri negara-bangsa. Sedangkan “Balairung” di Yogyakarta lebih dominan pada isu-isu politik, karena ianya merupakan langkah untuk melakukan perubahan dalam konteks sosial-politik sebuah negara-bangsa. Meskipun dari segmentasi berita yang diambil berbeda, namun ada benang merah di antara keduanya, yakni sama-sama memiliki tujuan untuk perubahan Indonesia ke arah yang lebih baik, serta melakukan perlawanan terhadap suatu rezim yang dianggap menyimpang dari kebijakan dan cita-cita bersama.KATA KUNCI: Pers Mahasiswa; Pendidikan; Politik; Pemerintah Orde Baru; Kritik Sosial. ABSTRACT: “Students’ Voice of Two Cities: Comparison on Views of Isola Pos in Bandung and Balairung in Yogyakarta toward Political Issues in Indonesia, 1991-1998”. The student’s press was an alternative media during the New Order government (1966-1998). The student’s press was capable and daring to criticize the government through the publication of articles in the media. By using the historical method, this study shows that student press in the period of 1990s, began showed again its identities and roles. The “Isola Pos” in Bandung was choosing more dominant on educational issues, due to that education must be managed properly, not be politicized, and must accordance with the ideals of nation-states’ founders. While “Balairung” in Yogyakarta was more dominant in political issues, due to it was as a step to make changes in the socio-political context. Although the news taken from different segments, but there are the common substances between them, namely they have a goal to change Indonesia into a better direction and the resistance to a regime that is wrong in policy and common ideals.KEY WORD: Student Press; Education; Politics; New Order Government; Social Critics.     About the Authors: Nisa Rizkiah, S.Pd. adalah Alumni Departemen Pendidikan Sejarah FPIPS UPI (Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia) di Bandung. Andi Suwirta, M.Hum. dan Dr. Encep Supriatna adalah Dosen di Departemen Pendidikan Sejarah FPIPS UPI di Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Penulis bisa dihubungi melalui emel di: [email protected] Citation: Rizkiah, Nisa, Andi Suwirta Encep Supriatna. (2018). “Suara Mahasiswa dari Dua Kota: Perbandingan Pandangan Isola Pos di Bandung dan Balairung di Yogyakarta terhadap Isu Politik di Indonesia, 1991-1998” in MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan, Volume 3(1), Maret, pp.11-30. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI [Indonesia University of Education] Press, ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online). Chronicle of the article: Accepted (January 15, 2018); Revised (February 17, 2018); and Published (March 30, 2018).

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION OF THE NEW REGIME TRANSITION TOWARDS THE REFORMATION ERA IN THE TEMBOK PAK RAMBO SHORT STORY BY TAUFIK IKHRAM JAMIL: INTERTEXTUALITY STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Ayu Sukmawati
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Order Transition ◽  
New Order ◽  
Regime Transition ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Government

The transition era between the New Order Era to the Reformation Era in Indonesia in 1998 became one of the popular themes for Indonesian writers. One of the works entitled Tembok Pak Rambo inserted elements of historical facts that occurred in Indonesia. The representation of the obscurity of the new order in this short story cannot be read only with heuristic readings, therefore a theory is needed to explore more profound the significance of the story. This paper utilizes the intertextuality approach in dismantling the veiled meanings in the story. The results showed that the short story represents two Indonesian leaders in the era of the new order transition to the reform era. This representation appears when aligned with a book called The Long Way of Indonesia Towards Democracy written by B. J. Habibie. Moreover, the short story titled Tembok Pak Rambo is not just about the hegemony between the ruler to his subordinates, but how the Indonesian writers were trying to criticism on the government and the historical facts that happened in 1998.

scholarly journals DINAMIKA LEMBAGA DEMOKRASI DESA DI INDONESIA (Sebuah Kajian Pustaka)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleh
Keyword(s):  
New Order ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Democratic Practices ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Current Reform ◽  
The Government ◽  
Consultative Body ◽  
The Village

The purpose of this study is to elaborate on the development of rural democratic practices in Indonesia. In the development of democratic practices in villages, there have been ups and downs recently as a result of the concept of government institutionalized by the government above it or supra village. This resulted in the loss of the main characteristics possessed by the village. The main characteristics referred to are the loss of local wisdom, mutual cooperation, and even the character of individualism has begun to penetrate the joints of village community life. This study uses literature study by parsing various theories, opinions across history both during the old order, the new order, up to the current reform era to get a comprehensive picture. The results of the study found that there are ups and downs of democratic practices in Indonesia which are caused by the implementation of the concept of a state from the regime that is currently in power. The ups and downs can be seen in the tug-of-war in village democratic institutions represented by the executive, namely the village head and the legislative body, namely the village consultative body (Law Number 5 of 1979, Law Number 22 of 1999, Law Number 32 of 2004, and Law Number 6 of 2014).  Keywords: democracy, village, local wisdom, local institutions   ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan ini adalah untuk melakukan elaborasi tentang perkembangan praktek demokrasi desa di Indonesia.  Dalam perkembangan praktek demokrasi di desa akhir-akhir ini terjadi pasang surut sebagai akibat dari konsep pemerintahan yang dilembagakan oleh pemerintah di atasnya atau supra desa.  Ini mengakibatkan hilangnya karakteristik utama yang dimiliki oleh desa. Karakterisitik utama dimaksud adalah hilangnya kearifan lokal/local wisdom, gotong royong, bahkan watak individualisme mulai merasuki sendi kehidupan masyarakat desa.  Studi ini menggunakan studi pustaka dengan mengurai berbagai teori, pendapat lintas sejarah baik pada masa orde lama, orde baru, sampai dengan pada masa reformasi saat ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang komprehensif.  Hasil penelitian ditemukan adanya pasang surut praktek demokrasi di Indonesia yang disebabkan oleh pelaksanaan konsep bernegara dari rezim yang sedang berkuasa.  Pasang surut ini dapat dilihat terjadi tarik ulur pada lembaga demokrasi desa yang diwakili oleh lembaga eksekutif yaitu kepala desa dan lembaga legislatif yaitu lembaga permusyawaratan desa (Undang-Undang Nomor 5 tahun 1979, Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1999, Undang-Undang Nomor 32 tahun 2004 dan UU Nomor 6 Tahun 2014). Kata kunci: demokrasi, desa, kearifal lokal, institusi lokal    

scholarly journals THE TELEVISION BUSINESS IN INDONESIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE OLD REGIME, THE NEW ORDER, AND THE REFORM ERA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rendra Widyatama
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
New Order ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Television Industry ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Library Studies ◽  
The Government

This article compares the television industry in Indonesia during the reign of the Old Order, the New Order, and the Reform Era. A full review of television broadcasting in all eras is still rarely carried out by Indonesian researchers. The author uses qualitative research methods in the form of comparative studies and library studies based on secondary data. In this comparison, the author focuses on eleven aspects of the problem, namely; the system of broadcasting, ownership, the form of broadcasting institutions, objectives, funding, broadcast coverage, control, and supervision, licensing, press freedom, media content trends, and society in relation to the television industry. The author found that although since independence Indonesia has been based on Pancasila democracy, in every era of government there have been differences in TV broadcasting arrangements. The Old Order period was more dominated by the role of government. This situation continued during the first 20 years of the New Order government, but in the last ten years of the New Order, the private sector dominated the TV industry. This dominance has continued into the reform era and treats society as a market and a political object. During all periods, it is the government which determines to license, and the implementation of the Broadcasting Act is not strictly enforced. A less strict attitude in the implementation of the Broadcasting Act indicates that the country is flexible and endeavours to find ways to compromise with stakeholders.

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH TENTANG LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH ERA REFORMASI

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itang Itang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
New Order ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Community Banking ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions ◽  
Academic Elite ◽  
Conventional Banks

Government  Policy  on  Islamic  Financial  Institutions  Reform  Era. Government  policies  on  Islamic financial institutions in the New Order were backgrounded in political accommodation, namely the accommodation of the Islamic academic elite within the state structure. This was used by the Islamic academic elite to broach ideas and opinions to conceive one of ideas as Islamic banking. Factors driving the process of policy formation of Islamic financial institutions was the support of policy makers, community banking, socio-cultural and juridical. Now, it so happens, that the inhibiting factors were that the policy makers were un-aspirational, public confidence in the conventional banks was still high and the lack of human resources and socialization. In the Reform era, many laws were conceived to support the development of Islamic financial institutions.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1280

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DALAM BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DARI ORDE LAMA SAMPAI ORDE BARU (Suatu Tinjauan Historis)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
As’ad Muzammil
Keyword(s):  
Political Islam ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
New Order ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Old Order ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Independence Era ◽  
The Government

Map of political Islam in Indonesia is always colored by the government political map. From the pre-independence era, the post-independence (old order), the new order and the reform era. Islamic education is still in a position that is generally not in favor of the empowerment of the people. Education is a tool for which the government used it to escort people and people to the desired political objectives, theoretically it is not wrong if the government wants the product graduate of educational institutions contribute to development. But at the same time the government should also give freedom to the world of education to determine its direction with permanent gets assistance, support, and facilitation from the government.

scholarly journals Kendala Pelaksanaan Landreform di Indonesia: Analisa terhadap Kondisi dan Perkembangan Berbagai Faktor Prasyarat Pelaksanaan Reforma Agraria

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
NFN Syahyuti
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
New Order ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
The Government

<strong>English</strong><br />Land reform program was once successful in Indonesia in 1960’s although it included only land area and limited number of receiving farmers. The New Order government never carried out land reform program explicitly, but it was substituted with programs of certification, transmigration, and Nucleus Estate Smallholders development. All of those programs aimed at enhancing people’s access to land ownership. The governments in the reform era improve some regulations related with agrarian reform but no real program of land reform. Theoretically, there are four imperative factors as prerequisites for land reform program, namely political will of the government, solid farmers’ organization, complete data, and sufficient budget. At present, all of those factors are still difficult to realize and, thus, land reform in Indonesia is hard to be implemented simultaneously. <br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Program landreform pernah dicoba diimplementasikan di Indonesia pada era tahun 1960-an, meskipun hanya mencakup luasan tanah dan petani penerima dalam jumlah yang sangat terbatas. Kemudian, sepanjang pemerintahan Orde Baru, landreform tidak pernah lagi diprogramkan secara terbuka, namun diganti dengan program pensertifikatan, transmigrasi, dan pengembangan Perkebunan Inti Rakyat, yang pada hakekatnya bertujuan untuk memperbaiki akses masyarakat terhadap tanah. Sepanjang pemerintahan dalam era reformasi, telah dicapai beberapa perbaikan dalam hukum dan perundang-undangan keagrariaan, namun tetap belum dijumpai program nyata tentang landreform. Secara teoritis, ada empat faktor penting sebagai prasyarat pelaksanaan landreform, yaitu kesadaran dan kemauan dari elit politik, organisasi petani yang kuat, ketersediaan data yang lengkap, serta dukungan anggaran yang memadai. Saat ini, kondisi keempat faktor tersebut masih dalam kondisi lemah, sehingga dapat dikatakan implementasi landreform secara serentak dan menyeluruh di Indonesia masih sulit diwujudkan.

A Study on Freedom of Speech Based on Politness Strategies Used by the Jakarta Post Readers

Humaniora ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1141
Author(s):  
Muhartoyo Muhartoyo
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
New Order ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
New Era ◽  
Printed Media ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Authoritarian Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Democratic Country

Freedom of speech or expression is an indication of a democratic country. Indonesia that has transformed itself from an authoritarian government during the New Order Era into a democratic country in the so called Reform Era. This study is an attempt to find out the existence of freedom of expression in the Indonesian printed media. The data were collected from the Jakarta Post Readers’Forum from 1 November 2010 to 28 February 2011. The data were then classified and analysed based on Brown and Levinson’s theory of politeness strategies. The data analysis shows that a lot of utterances can be classified under Politeness Strategy 1 (the least polite strategy out of the four strategies). This proves that people are now free to express their ideas and criticisms in the most direct manner without fear of being arrested or reprimanded by the government. Even the sensitive issues like SARA (Ethnic, Religion, Racial and Communal) conflicts can be freely discussed in the printed media. Thus freedom of expression is prevailing in Indonesia under the New Era government.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMASI GERAKAN SOSIAL KE PARTAI POLITIK KIPRAH POLITIK PARTAI RAKYAT DEMOKRATIK DI MASA REFORMASI

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gili Argenti
Keyword(s):  
Political Party ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Student Movement ◽  
The Political ◽  
New Order ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
The Government

In the New Order era (Orde Baru), the end of the 1970s until the early 1990s, the student movement is faced with repressive measures, a policy of limiting the political activities of students applied, then the search for a new format motion is a must. The study group is an option to avoid the political power. In the expansion, the study group turns into a political party, the People’s Democratic Party (PRD). The emergence of the PRD as an opposition party to the New Order Indonesian political public attention, because of their political program is so radical. Also, the communist stigma attached by the government to the party’s young people reap the reaction of pro and cons in the community. After the collapse of the New Order, PRD became an electoral party but failed to reap the support of voters. This paper describes the process of changing the format of the student movement of the 1990s, from the study group into action committees, later became a political party, in this paper also described the political progress of PRD in the reform era. 

scholarly journals EDUCATION POLITICS IN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL AND MADRASA: The Old Order, The New Order, and The Reform Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-372
Author(s):  
Jufri Naldo ◽  
Azhari Akmal Tarigan ◽  
Faisal Riza
Keyword(s):  
Boarding School ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Political Support ◽  
New Order ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Education Politics ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Education Today ◽  
The Government

Abstract: The development of Islamic boarding schools and madrasas in Indonesia cannot be separated from the political education policy of the government that is currently in power. Through a literature study, this study intends to reveal how the form of education politics carried out by the government towards these two institutions. The theoretical debate on education politics during the Old Order begins the explanation of this study. Then, the debate during the New Order is discussed, and the debate related to the Reformation era is discussed after that. This study illustrates that despite the politicization of Islamic boarding schools and madrasas, these indigenous Indonesian educational institutions must be preserved and their development should be considered. Furthermore, Islamic boarding schools and madrasas are important indicators for the progress of the religion and the nation. By looking at the realities of advanced education today, Islamic boarding schools and madrasas are a reflection of the superiority of scientific, intellectual, and cultural achievements. The government as a policymaker should provide full political support so that Islamic boarding schools and madrasas can compete at the world level.الملخص: لا يمكن فصل تطوير المدارس الداخلية الإسلامية والمدارس الدينية في إندونيسيا عن سياسة التعليم السياسي للحكومة التي تتولى السلطة حاليًا. تهدف هذه الدراسة ، من خلال دراسة أدبية ، إلى الكشف عن شكل السياسة التربوية التي تنفذها الحكومة تجاه هاتين المؤسستين. سيبدأ النقاش النظري حول سياسات التعليم في عهد النظام القديم في شرح هذه الدراسة ، ثم يتبعها في عهد النظام الجديد ، وينتهي خلال فترة الإصلاح. توضح هذه الدراسة أنه على الرغم من تسييس المدارس الداخلية الإسلامية والمدارس الدينية ، يجب الحفاظ على هذه المؤسسات التعليمية الإندونيسية الأصلية والنظر في تطويرها. علاوة على ذلك ، فإن المدارس الداخلية الإسلامية هي مؤشرات مهمة لتقدم الدين والأمة. بالنظر إلى واقع التعليم المتقدم حاليًا ، فإن المدارس الداخلية الإسلامية والمدارس الإسلامية هي انعكاس لتفوق الإنجازات العلمية والفكرية والثقافية. يجب على الحكومة كصانع للسياسة أن تقدم الدعم السياسي الكامل حتى تتمكن المدارس الداخلية الإسلامية والمدارس الإسلامية من المنافسة على المستوى العالمي.Abstrak: Perkembangan Pesantren dan madrasah di Indonesia tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kebijakan politik pendidikan pemerintah yang sedang berkuasa. Melalui studi literatur, kajian ini hendak mengungkap bagaimana bentuk politik pendidikan yang dijalankan oleh pemerintah terhadap kedua lembaga tersebut. Perdebatan teoritis politik pendidikan pada masa Orde Lama akan mengawali penjelasan kajian ini, kemudian disusul pada masa Orde Baru, dan diakhiri pada masa Reformasi. Kajian ini memberikan gambaran bahwa sekalipun terjadi politisasi terhadap pesantren dan madrasah, akan tetapi lembaga pendidikan asli Indonesia ini harus tetap dilestarikan dan diperhatikan perkembangannya. Selanjutnya, pesantren dan madrasah merupakan salah satu indikator penting untuk kemajuan agama dan bangsa. Dengan melihat realitas pendidikan yang sudah maju saat ini, pesantren dan madrasah adalah cerminan dari keunggulan capaian keilmuan, intelektual dan kultural. Pemerintah sebagai pemangku kebijakans udah sepatutnya memberikan dukungan penuh secara politik agar pesantren dan madrasah bisa bersaing di tingkat dunia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document