scholarly journals Fruit growth and proximate composition of deshi (Diospyros peregrina) and bilati gab (D. discolor)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
MM Hasan ◽  
MSA Fakir ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
S Naznin
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Total Carbohydrate

Fruit (berry) growth, maturity and nutritional composition of deshi (Diospyros peregrina Gurke) and bilati Gab (D. discolor Gurke) were investigated at the Botanical Garden of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh (24o26' and 24054' N and 90015' and 90030' E) between April and August, 2011. Flowers were tagged at first opening (days after flowering, DAF) and fruit growth was investigated up to maturity. Fruit size (length and diameter), individual fruit weight, AGR and proximate composition of matured fruits were investigated. Morphological and growth parameters were recorded at 7-days interval up to 63 DAF in deshi and 85 DAF in bilati gab. All the morphological characters of fruits were gradually increased with increasing DAF and followed sigmoid pattern. The length and diameter of the berry became 5.80 and 4.61 cm, respectively at 63 DAF in deshi gab, and 9.13 and 7.62 cm, respectively at 85 DAF in bilati gab. The fresh and dry weights of berries were also maximum at 63 DAF in deshi and at 85 DAF in bilati gab. The maximum dry weight of seed i.e. PM in deshi gab attained at 56 DAF and that of bilati gab at 83 DAF. The proximate composition of matured berries of deshi and bilati gab at PM showed little variation between the species and hence, average crude protein, crude fat, ash and total carbohydrate was 5.35, 1.08, 3.74 and 67.47%, respectively. It might be concluded that harvest maturity attained around two months after flowering in deshi gab with yellowish green colour on fruit coat and three months from flowering in bilati gab when fruits turn into deep red colour with average fruit fresh weight of 60 g and 220 g, respectively.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 261-266, December 2014

scholarly journals Temperature Has a Greater Effect on Fruit Growth than Defoliation or Fruit Thinning in Strawberries in the Subtropics

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Menzel
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Fruit size declines in strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) as the season progresses in many subtropical areas, possibly due to inadequate leaf area, over-cropping, or high temperatures. An experiment was conducted to investigate the importance of these factors on fruit growth in ‘Festival’ in Queensland, Australia. Groups of plants were defoliated to remove half of the mature leaves on each plant, thinned to remove all the inflorescences on each plant, or defoliated and thinned. Control plants were left intact. Defoliation, thinning, or defoliation + thinning decreased yield (total and/or marketable) by 15% to 24% compared with the control. Defoliation, or defoliation + thinning decreased average fruit weight (total and/or marketable fruit) by 1 to 2 g compared with the control, whereas thinning had the opposite effect. The incidence of small fruit increased towards the end of the season. There were strong relationships between fruit weight and average daily mean temperature in the seven weeks before harvest (R2s greater than 0.80). Fruit weight decreased from 24 g to 8 g as the temperature increased from 16 °C to 20 °C. This response was not affected by defoliation or thinning. The strong effect of temperature on fruit size indicates a problem for production in the future in the absence of heat-tolerant cultivars.

scholarly journals Growth, Yield, and Fruit Weight of Spur-bound `Delicious' Apple Trees following Spur-pruning and BA Plus GA4+7 Application

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Marini ◽  
Donald Sowers
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Spur Length ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight ◽  
All Treatment

Twenty-eight-year-old `Starkrimson Delicious' and 10-year-old `Fullred Delicious' apple (Malus domestics Borkh.) trees were spur-pruned in 1986 and 1987 and/or treated with 500 mg BA + GA4+7/liter in 1986 in an attempt to improve spur growth and increase fruit weight. All treatment combinations generally failed to improve yield or fruit size. BA + GA4+7 reduced yield and fruit weight and increased the number of pygmy fruit in 1986, but had little effect on fruiting or vegetative growth for 3 years after treatment. Spur-pruning reduced spur density in 1986 and 1987 and increased yield, but not fruit weight, in 1987. Although spur-pruning improved spur length, spur bud diameter, leaf area per spur, and leaf dry weight per spur, fruit weight was not improved. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H -purine-6-amine [benzyladenine (BA)]; gibberellin (GA4+7).

scholarly journals CULTIVAR VARIATION IN APPLE FRUIT GROWTH RATES, SORBITOL ACCUMULATION, AND TISSUE OSMOTIC POTENTIAL

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1070b-1070
Author(s):  
Dougles D. Archbold
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Uptake Rates

Absolute and relative fruit growth rates (AGR and RGR) of 5 cultivars were calculated from the oven-dry weights of fruits harvested periodically throughout the growing season. Both AGR and RGR were higher for larger fruit of different cultivars with similar days to maturity, and for summer- versus fall-ripening cultivars. Seasonal variability in AGR and RGR was observed, Apple fruit cortex disks were incubated in 14C-sorbitol solutions in vitro to determine if uptake rates at the cellular level varied between cultivars. Rates of sorbitol accumulation, expressed es μg sorbitol per mg dry weight cortex tissue, declined as the season progressed. Within a cuitivar, uptake rates were not relatad to fruit size, nor were differences found between cortex tissue samples from competing fruit on a spur. Sorbitol uptake rates were significantly lower for the more slowly-growing cultivar. The osmotic potential of the expressed cortex sap, sampled on several dates, was consistently lower for the more rapidly-growing cultivar. Thus, inherent differences in fruit growth rates among cultivars may be due to variation in regulation of osmotic potential.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF IRRIGATION STRATEGIES ON PEACH FRUIT GROWTH AND FINAL SIZE

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 572e-572
Author(s):  
R. Scott Johnson ◽  
Claude Phene ◽  
Charles Medawar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Peach Trees

Six irrigation strategies were imposed on a block of O'Henry peach trees irrigated by fanjets. Treatments received different percentages of ET during the various stages of fruit growth and postharvest. ET was estimated by a large weighing lysimeter containing 2 trees and located in the center of the block. Fruit diameters were measured weekly and final fruit weights were determined at harvest. Adjusted fruit weights were estimated by statistically adjusting each treatment to the same fruit load. Adjusted fruit weight correlated well with soil water content during the month before harvest but not during early stages of fruit growth. Treatments which applied 50% ET during early stages of fruit growth showed reduced fruit size at that time. However, with applications of 150% ET during the final fruit growth stage, fruit size recovered. Adjusted fruit weight also correlated with measures of tree water status including midday leaf water potential and canopy temperature.

scholarly journals Fruit Development in Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 682f-682
Author(s):  
Roisin McGarry ◽  
Jocelyn A. Ozga ◽  
Dennis M. Reinecke
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Growing Seasons

Saskatoon fruits, an emerging horticultural crop across the Canadian prairies, vary greatly in size among cultivars. In this study, we compare fruit development patterns among large, medium, and small fruited cultivars of saskatoon, and assess the role of seed number and pedicel diameter on fruit size. Fruit growth patterns of four cultivars (Thiessen, Northline, Regent, and Smoky) were determined from weekly measurements of fruit diameters and fresh and dry flower/fruit weights during two consecutive growing seasons. The developmental patterns of fruit growth determined using the above criteria were similar among cultivars and between years. At maturity, the largest fruits (fresh weight) obtained were from cv. Thiessen, followed by `Northline', `Smoky', and `Regent', in descending order. Pedicel diameters (one week prior to maturity) correlated linearly with increasing fruit diameter and fresh weight. At maturity, seed number per fruit correlated linearly with increasing fruit weight. Thiessen contained significantly more seeds per fruit (4.6) than `Northline' (3.7), `Smoky' (3.2), and `Regent' (3.2).

scholarly journals Effect of irrigation levels at different growth stages on growth parameters and yield of four selected chilli accessions

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAI Khan ◽  
AM Farooque ◽  
MA Hoque ◽  
MA Rahim ◽  
MA Haque
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Different Growth Stages

An experiment as conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University. Mymensingh in poly bags under glasshouse condition during October 1997 to March 1998 to know the effects of different water levels at different growth stages of four selected chilli accessions viz., C-027l, C-0272, C-0275, and C-0277. Six water treatments viz., watering once everyday (W1), watering twice everyday (W2). watering at 4 days interval (W3), watering at 8 days interval (W4), watering at 16 days interval (W5), and no watering (W0) were tested at three growth stages viz., Vegetable stage (S1), Flowering stage (S2), and Fruiting stage (S3). The accessions of chilli were selected from the results of a previous experiment where ten accessions of chilli collected from Spices Research Centre (SRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur were used. The primary selection was made on the basis of their tolerance and susceptibility to water stages. The results revealed that all the studied parameters viz., plant height, canopy diameter, root length, root volume, no. of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, individual fruit weight, no. of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, fruit yield per plant, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, root dry weight, fruit dry weight per plant, varied significantly among the accessions under different water treatments at different stages of growth. Out of four accessions, C-0271 and C-0277 were found as water stress tolerant and susceptible, respectively. Key Words: Water level; growth stage; chilli accessions DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i1.5764Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(1) : 143-155, March 2009

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in eggplant genotypes for heat tolerance

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Uddin ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MAK Mian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Total Divergence ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
High Diversity

Genetic divergence in eighteen eggplant genotypes was studied at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh during February 2007 to December 2008 using multivariate analysis. Eggplant genotypes were evaluated for different quantitative characters. Among the genotypes wide variations were observed for plant, flower and fruit size, shape and color. Out of 18 genotypes only 8 were found to be suitable for summer and summer rainy season cultivation as heat tolerance. The 18 genotypes were grouped into four distinct clusters. Cluster I comprised of 2 genotypes, cluster II had 3, cluster III had 3 and cluster IV had 10 genotypes. Clustering pattern of the genotypes was not correlated with their geographical distribution. The highest inter cluster distance was between cluster I and IV (764.67) while, it was the lowest between cluster II and III (213.30). The highest and lowest intra cluster distance was displayed in cluster II (94.14) and cluster I (28.79) respectively. Yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, plant canopy, fruit weight, fruit length and number of harvest had the highest contribution towards total divergence. Moderate to high Shannon-Weaver Diversity Indices (SWDI) was found among the genotypes for most of the studied qualitative characters. Quantitative vegetative characters had high diversity among the genotypes, while it was moderate to high diversity for both flower and fruit characters. Eight eggplant genotypes were selected as heat tolerance based on genetic diversity of morphological characters in eggplant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21914 SAARC J. Agri., 12(2): 25-39 (2014)

scholarly journals Agro-economic potential of capsicum with drip irrigation and mulching

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
VK Choudhary ◽  
MC Bhambri
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Net Returns

A field experiment was conducted during 2006-07 and 2007-08 at Precision Farming Development Centre, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, to evaluate the production, potential and economics of capsicum (Capsicum annum L.) as influenced by drip irrigation and mulches. Experiment was laid out in a split-plot design replicated thrice with irrigation levels 1.0 Epan (Pan evaporation) through drip, 0.8 Epan through drip, 0.6 Epan through drip and 1.0 Epan with flood irrigation (FI) in main plot and mulches (i.e. no mulch (Glyphosate @ 6.0 ml l-1 followed by 2 hand weedings), black polythene mulch (BPM: 40 ? thickness), transparent polythene mulch (TPM: 40 ? thickness), paddy straw mulch (PSM: 5 t ha-1) in sub plots. The growth parameters like plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, stem girth, leaf area, leaf area index, dry weight of leaf, stem, fruit and total dry weight were maximum with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan followed by drip irrigation at 0.8 Epan. Among the mulches the maximum values of the growth parameters were noticed with black polythene mulch followed by paddy straw mulch. The yield attributes like fruit length, fruit volume, fruit girth, per cent fruit set, fruits/plant, green capsicum fruit weight and yields were higher with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan followed by drip at 0.8 Epan. Among the mulches, all the yield attributes were found higher with black polythene mulch followed by paddy straw mulch; whereas least yield attributes were measured with no mulch. Marginal cost, marginal return, MR: MC, cost of cultivation, net returns and B: C were higher with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan followed by drip irrigation at 0.8 Epan. Among different mulches all the economic parameters were higher with black polythene mulch followed by paddy straw mulch except MR: MC and B: C ratio. Capsicum with paddy straw mulch produced higher values of MR: MC and B: C ratios. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18323SAARC J. Agri., 10(2): 51-60 (2012)

scholarly journals Biometric evaluation of twelve olive cultivars under rainfed conditions in the region of Calabria, South Italy

2017 ◽  
pp. 696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo M. Giuffrè
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Horizontal Diameter ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Table Olive ◽  
Harvest Year

Biometrics are widely considered in table olive and olive oil production. Fruit size, flesh content and flesh/pit ratio are among the most important parameters in table olive processing, whereas oil and water content are among the most important parameters in olive oil production. In this work, twelve parameters from drupes of 12 cultivars in three harvest years 2014, 2015, 2016 (Region of Calabria, South Italy) were studied. Fruit weight was highest in Nocellara Messinese cv (more than 5 g in all the three considered harvest years) for this reason these fruits are preferred for table olives processing. Ottobratica cv showed the lowest number of fruits/kg as a consequence of the high weight of its drupes. Pit or stone (endocarp) weight was lowest in Ottobratica, Pendolino and Roggianella cvs (less than 0.5 g). Fresh flesh (mesocarp) weight was highest in Nocellara Messinese cv (4.26 – 4.49 g) and in Picholine cv (3.68 – 3.88 g), whereas flesh dry weight was highest in Frantoio and in Roggianella (more than 40% on pitted fruit), these last two cvs also showed the lowest moisture content i.e. less than 60% on pitted fruit. The longest drupes (longitudinal diameter) were produced by Nocellara Messinese and Picholine cvs measuring more than 25 mm, these two cvs produced also the fruits showing the highest horizontal diameter more than 18 and more than 16 mm respectively. In 10 from 12 cvs the highest oil content was found on 2016 and Pendolino cv showed the lowest content on 2014 and 2015. Cultivar and harvest year showed a highly significant influence on the olive fruit biometrics.

scholarly journals Influence of salinity levels on vegetative development of landrace dwarf common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Kamile Ulukapi ◽  
Köksal Aydinsakir
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
The Common

In this study, plant growth parameters of 16 landrace dwarf common bean genotypes collected from Western Mediterranean region of Turkey at different salinity levels were investigated. The salt concentrations were applied 0.5 (regular irrigation water), 2, 4 and 6 dSm-1. The study continued until the first flowering was observed in the plants. The results of analysis of the variance revealed significant variations among different salinity levels, genotypes and interaction effects of salinity levels × genotypes for morphological characters. According to statistical analysis results, there was no correlation between stem diameter and other morphological characters. It was determined that there was a statistically significant positive strong correlation between plant height and plant dry weight (r=0.703). There was a moderately statistically significant positive correlation between all other characters. The increased salinity level negatively affected the vegetative growth of the common bean genotypes. However, low doses of salt have promoted development in some genotypes (AGB10, AGUN25, BY4, BY24, IYOZ10). However, a slight increase in salt level caused a sudden drop in development. These genotypes are thought to be suitable for soils with low salinity. The genotypes gave different responses to salt stress and ISGA1 and ISGA10 genotypes gave the best results. Besides them, prominent genotypes were detected as AGUN6, BKARA2, AGB10 and IYOZ10.

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