scholarly journals Influence of salinity levels on vegetative development of landrace dwarf common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Kamile Ulukapi ◽  
Köksal Aydinsakir
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
The Common

In this study, plant growth parameters of 16 landrace dwarf common bean genotypes collected from Western Mediterranean region of Turkey at different salinity levels were investigated. The salt concentrations were applied 0.5 (regular irrigation water), 2, 4 and 6 dSm-1. The study continued until the first flowering was observed in the plants. The results of analysis of the variance revealed significant variations among different salinity levels, genotypes and interaction effects of salinity levels × genotypes for morphological characters. According to statistical analysis results, there was no correlation between stem diameter and other morphological characters. It was determined that there was a statistically significant positive strong correlation between plant height and plant dry weight (r=0.703). There was a moderately statistically significant positive correlation between all other characters. The increased salinity level negatively affected the vegetative growth of the common bean genotypes. However, low doses of salt have promoted development in some genotypes (AGB10, AGUN25, BY4, BY24, IYOZ10). However, a slight increase in salt level caused a sudden drop in development. These genotypes are thought to be suitable for soils with low salinity. The genotypes gave different responses to salt stress and ISGA1 and ISGA10 genotypes gave the best results. Besides them, prominent genotypes were detected as AGUN6, BKARA2, AGB10 and IYOZ10.

Effect of Sodium Chloride on Growth, Gas Exchange, Protective Enzyme of Periploca Sepium Bunge

2012 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Jing Kuan Sun ◽  
Zhao Hua Lu ◽  
Tian Li ◽  
Jia Yi Tian
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Yellow River Delta ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Protective Enzyme ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Common ◽  
Periploca Sepium

Periploca sepium Bunge. was tested for salinity tolerance in pot experiments using three levels of salinity, 50, 100, and 200mmol/L.It was observed that the plant growth parameters and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) were enhanced under low salinity levels (50mm/L NaCl.),which reduced strongly with increasing salinity levels. Under 100mmol/L NaCl and 200mmol/L NaCl stress, the decline of Pn was mainly caused by non-stomatal factors.The water use efficiency (WUE), apparent light use efficiency (LUE) , apparent CO2 use efficiency (CUE) were enhanced under low salinity levels (50mm/L NaCl.), the maximum WUE was observed at 100mmol/L NaCl, the minimum WUE was observed at 200mmol/L NaCl, the LUE, CUE were reduced repectively by 52%,47% at 200mmol/L NaCl compared to control.Activities of the antioxidive enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD),and catalase (CAT) were enhanced by salts treatment (50mm/L NaCl.), but CAT activity decreased under 200 mmol/L NaCl salt stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was non-significant versus the control under low salinity levels (50mm/L NaCl.),the largest concentration exposing to 200 mmol/L NaCl. These results suggest a possible use of Periploca sepium Bunge in Yellow River Delta regions,where salinity is often the common major abiotic stress for plants.

scholarly journals Effect of salt stress on some sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Shtereva ◽  
Roumiana Vassilevska-Ivanova ◽  
Tanya Karceva
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Salt Stress Condition ◽  
Salinity Levels

An experiment was carried out hydroponically under laboratory conditions to investigate the effect of salt stress on several physiological and biochemical parameters of three sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) genotypes: lines 6-13, C-6 (pollen source) and their heterotic F1 hybrid ?Zaharina?. The degree of salinity tolerance among these genotypes was evaluated at three different sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations: 0 mM, 100 mM, 125 mM and 150 mM. Seed germination, plant growth and biochemical stress determining parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), proline content and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels were compared between seedlings of lines and hybrid. The obtained results indicated that both lines and hybrid have similar responses at different salinity levels for all examined traits. All the seedlings? growth parameters, such as germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root and shoot fresh and dry weight, decreased with increasing salinity level. MDA, proline and H2O2 increased at different saline conditions in comparison to the control. Based on the results, of the three genotypes examined, the hybrid Zaharina, followed by line C-6, was more salt-sensitive than line 6-13 in salt stress condition.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhiza of herbs colonizing a salt affected area near Kraków (Poland)

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Grzybowska
Keyword(s):  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Saline Area

The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) status of plants colonizing an area affected by leakage of salty water (Barycz near Kraków, Poland) was studied in 2000 and 2001. The occurrence of plants typical for soils of increased salinity was observed. Among the 13 examined plant species 7 were mycorrhizal. The abundance of mycorrhizal plant populations was increased in the second year of study. Strains of 4 species of AMF, including <em>Glomus caledonium</em>, <em>G. claroideum</em>, <em>G. geosporum </em>and <em>G. intraradices </em>were isolated using trap cultures. On the basis of morphological characters the presence of <em>G. tenue </em>was detected in plant roots of several species from the study area. The efficiency of mycorrhizal colonization and arbuscule formation by two strains of <em>G. geosporum </em>isolated from a saline area and a strain of <em>G. intraradices </em>from unaffected sites was tested in an experiment carried out on <em>Plantago lanceolata </em>cultivated on substrata of different salinity levels. The increase in mycorrhizal parameters with growing salt content was observed in the case of strains originating from the salt-affected area. At the highest salt level these strains formed better developed mycorrhiza than the strain from the non-saline site, suggesting a better adaptation of the strains from the saline area. The data on vitality (alkaline phosphatase test) of intraradical AM fungi gave a clearer picture than those obtained by the conventional aniline blue staining.

scholarly journals Influence of salt stress on ecophysiological parameters of Periploca sepium bunge

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Sun ◽  
T. Li ◽  
J.B. Xia ◽  
J.Y. Tian ◽  
Z.H. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Periploca Sepium

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of salt stress on Periploca sepium Bunge seedlings using three levels of salinity, 50 mmol/L, 100 mmol/L, and 200 mmol/L sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. The results showed that growth parameters and net photosynthetic rate (P<sub>n</sub>), stomatal conductance (G<sub>s</sub>) of Periploca sepium Bunge were enhanced under low salinity levels (50 mmol/L NaCl), which reduced strongly with increasing salinity levels. Under 100 mmol/L NaCl and 200 mmol/L NaCl stress, the decline of P<sub>n</sub> was mainly caused by non-stomatal factors. The water use efficiency (WUE), apparent light use efficiency (LUE), carboxylation efficiency (CUE) were enhanced under low salinity levels (50 mmol/L NaCl), the maximum value of WUE was observed at 100 mmol/L NaCl, the minimum value of WUE was observed at 200 mmol/L NaCl, the LUE, CUE were reduced by 52% and 47%, at 200 mmol/L NaCl, respectively, compared to control. Activities of the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were enhanced by low salinity treatment (50 mmol/L NaCl), but CAT activity decreased at 200 mmol/L NaCl stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was non-significant compared to the control under low salinity levels (50 mmol/L NaCl), the maximum value was observed at 200 mmol/L NaCl. These results suggest a possibility to improve saline soil utilization of Periploca sepium Bunge in Yellow River Delta region.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF INOCULATED COMMON BEAN IN RESPONSE TO DIFFERENT COVER CROPS AND DESICCATION TIMES

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 642-652
Author(s):  
ANA PAULA SANTOS OLIVEIRA ◽  
CEITON MATEUS SOUSA ◽  
ENDERSON PETRÔNIO DE BRITO FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Common

ABSTRACT The common bean requires high levels of nitrogen (N) to achieve high productivity, which can be supplied, at least partially, by the biological nitrogen fixation (BFN). Two field experiments were carried out in the winter season of 2015 aiming to evaluate the effects of different cover crops, desiccation times and the agronomic performance of the common bean inoculated with rhizobia. The experiments were assembled in a randomized block design with four replications, in a factorial split-plot arrangement with two additional treatments (5x4x2+2). The factors were composed of five cover crops, four desiccation times, two seed inoculation treatments and two additional controls (TN = 90 Kg N ha-1 and T0 = without N and without inoculation). The variables analyzed in the cover crops were dry mass (DM) and total nitrogen (Total-N). With the common bean, the chlorophyll content (CC), the number of nodules (NN), the nodule dry weight (NDW), the shoot dry weight (SDW), the root dry weight (RDW) and the grain yield (GY) were evaluated. The results showed that the agronomic performance of the common bean was not affected by the desiccation times of the cover crops, although the amount of Total-N accumulated by cover crops was influenced by sowing times. Inoculation of the common bean promoted an increase in the NN, NDW, CC and SDW. Higher GY of the common bean was achieved with its cropping after Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria ruziziensis, millet and fallow.

scholarly journals Effects of polyploidy on response of Dunaliella salina to salinity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Soltani Nezhad ◽  
Hakimeh Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Optimum Salinity

AbstractIn this study, effect of different percentages of polyploid cells of Dunaliella salina in culture medium, on growth and other biochemical parameters of algae under different salinity levels were investigated. The results indicated that concentration 3M NaCl is the optimal concentration of salt, since in this concentration, the highest enhancement in fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll and carotenoids, soluble sugar, glycerol, protein and starch content was observed in comparison with other concentrations. The amount of these metabolites declined in the concentrations under the optimum salinity. The least and highest amounts of MDA were observed at 1 and 4 M NaCl respectively. Polyploidy in optimum concentration of salt, caused further increment of the above growth parameters. In this relation, in most cases, treatment of 0.1% was more effective. The beneficial effects of polyploidy in non-optimal conditions were also found in some parameters such as biomass, chlorophyll, carotenoids, proteins and starch. The activity of antioxidant enzymes CAT, SOD and POD were maximum in 4 M NaCl. Polyploidy affected activity of these antioxidant enzymes in some concentrations of salt. Overall, our results suggest that the microalgae have significantly different responses to salt stress based on ploidy level of the algae.AbbreviationsAOSActive Oxygen ProductsCATCatalaseGPXGuaiacol PeroxidaseEDTAEthylene Diamine Tetraacetic AcidMDAMalondialdehydePMSFPhenyl Methanesulfonyl FluoridePVPPolyvinylpyrrolidoneSODSuperoxide Dismutase

scholarly journals Salinity Tolerance Evaluations in Micropropagated Potato

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 515C-515
Author(s):  
T. Khrais ◽  
Y. Leclerc ◽  
D. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Nodal Cuttings ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Multivariate Cluster

The relative salinity tolerance of 130 North American and European potato cultivars were assessed in vitro using nodal cuttings micropropagated in salinized medium. Each cultivar was evaluated twice, using five single-node cuttings, at each salt level (0, 40, 80, and 120 mM NaCl). After 1 month in culture, plantlets were destructively harvested for shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights, and the data corrected for differences in cultivar vigor. Multivariate cluster analysis was used to partition this population, based on the six relative growth parameters. Six cultivars were top-ranked at all salinity levels.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION SALICYLIC ACID ON CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS TOLERANCE TO SOIL SALINITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-hayany & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Root System ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin

This experiment was carried out  at the private nursery located at Baquba city/ Diyala governorate during 2015 agricultural season on three years old Citrus rootstocks seedlings to study the effect foliar application of salicylic acid  on  seedlings tolerance to soil salinity. The experiment included 24 treatment represented  three factors: soil salinity levels (1.14,4.62 and 5.30 dSm-1) , two levels of salicylic acid (0 and 250 mg.l -1) and four citrus rootstocks (Sour orange, Cleopatra mandarin, Volkamariana lemon and Troyercitrange ),and their interactions with three replications . The results showed that: increasing soil salinity  reduced most studied growth parameters (number and length of branches, number of leaves  and  fresh weight of the vegetative and root system). Salicylic acid application caused an increment in number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of root system. Citrus rootstocks Troyercitrange was superior on other rootstocks by giving highest values branches length, whereas Cleopatra mandarin rootstock was superior in the number of leaves.

scholarly journals Effect of Salinity on Growth and Some Photosynthetic Pigments of Improved Population in Puccinellia ciliata (Poaceae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkay Yavas ◽  
Yelda Emek ◽  
Aydin Unay
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Maximum Length ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Β Carotene

Puccinellia (Puccinellia ciliata Bor.) fairly resistant to salinity and used as forage for livestock in China, Australia, and Turkey. In this study, our objective was to determine the effects of salinity on growth and various photosynthetic pigments of an improved population of Puccinellia via recurrent selection. To accomplish this, effects of salinity on seedlings growth of homogenous Puccinellia was examined, one week after emerging of radicle from seeds. Seeds were germinated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 6% agar. Seedling growth was studied under different levels of NaCl salinity (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 μS/cm). Salinity applications were carried out for 6 weeks. Cultures were maintained in growth chambers at 24±2ºC and 16/8 light/dark conditions. Germination was scored during 2 weeks after culture initiation. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Plant growth parameters such as the number of radicle and tillers, maximum radicle and shoot length, plants fresh and dry weights were investigated. Photosynthetic pigments such as total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, b, chlorophyll a/b ratio, total carotenoid, β- carotene, lutein and neoxanthin were examined. The maximum values for tiller number per plant, the maximum length of shoot and chlorophyll b were found in the 20 µs/cm, while the maximum length of the radicle was recorded at 10 µs/cm NaCl treatment. It was concluded that low salinity levels (10-20 μS/cm) increased seedling growth, while high salinity levels (30 and 40 μS/cm) inhibited the growth significantly. These results indicate that P. ciliata is a promising salt-tolerant and can be grown productively under low to moderate saline conditions between 10-20 µs/cm.

scholarly journals Fruit growth and proximate composition of deshi (Diospyros peregrina) and bilati gab (D. discolor)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
MM Hasan ◽  
MSA Fakir ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
S Naznin
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Total Carbohydrate

Fruit (berry) growth, maturity and nutritional composition of deshi (Diospyros peregrina Gurke) and bilati Gab (D. discolor Gurke) were investigated at the Botanical Garden of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh (24o26' and 24054' N and 90015' and 90030' E) between April and August, 2011. Flowers were tagged at first opening (days after flowering, DAF) and fruit growth was investigated up to maturity. Fruit size (length and diameter), individual fruit weight, AGR and proximate composition of matured fruits were investigated. Morphological and growth parameters were recorded at 7-days interval up to 63 DAF in deshi and 85 DAF in bilati gab. All the morphological characters of fruits were gradually increased with increasing DAF and followed sigmoid pattern. The length and diameter of the berry became 5.80 and 4.61 cm, respectively at 63 DAF in deshi gab, and 9.13 and 7.62 cm, respectively at 85 DAF in bilati gab. The fresh and dry weights of berries were also maximum at 63 DAF in deshi and at 85 DAF in bilati gab. The maximum dry weight of seed i.e. PM in deshi gab attained at 56 DAF and that of bilati gab at 83 DAF. The proximate composition of matured berries of deshi and bilati gab at PM showed little variation between the species and hence, average crude protein, crude fat, ash and total carbohydrate was 5.35, 1.08, 3.74 and 67.47%, respectively. It might be concluded that harvest maturity attained around two months after flowering in deshi gab with yellowish green colour on fruit coat and three months from flowering in bilati gab when fruits turn into deep red colour with average fruit fresh weight of 60 g and 220 g, respectively.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 261-266, December 2014

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