scholarly journals Complex Assessment of Medical and Social Risk Factors and Their Effect on the Health Condition of Children Working at Industrial Waste Landfills

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
N. Kudaibergenov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
The Impact

The comprehensive assessment of medical and social risk factors and their impact on the health of children working at industrial waste landfills of the Kyrgyz Chemical Metallurgical Plant has presented. Various industrial and environmental factors were covered. To identify signs of environmental pollution by radioactive substances of natural and artificial origin the average values of gamma-radiation power levels have been examined. The hygienic, sociological, medical and statistical research methods are used. During the study, the social-hygienic and living conditions of life and work of children were studied. The selection of respondents conducted by random sampling. The health condition of children living in the region but not working at industrial waste landfills has studied to compare the data of a control group. An assessment of the physical and biological development of children in the experimental and control groups was carried out by measuring somatometric indicators (length and body weight, head circumference), as well as indicators of dynamometry and their external respiration function. The intensive morbidity rates of children have been studied. The article analyzes the impact of medical and social risk factors that adversely affect the health conditions of working children. It describes the various factors of the working environment and the labor process, which form the occupational risk of morbidity. An important part of the study was to assess the situation and identify possible causes that force families to involve children to work at industrial waste landfills.

Hygienic assessment of risk factors and health of forensic scientists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Timerzyanov ◽  
OA Ilina ◽  
EA Dubrvina ◽  
OYu Milushkina ◽  
DE Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Hygienic Measures ◽  
Rising Incidence ◽  
Forensic Scientists ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Labor Potential

The objective of the study was to develop and implement the system of hygienic measures eliminating (mitigating) the impact of risk factors in the work of forensic scientists and to estimate effectiveness of these measures and the program aimed at improvement of employment terms for forensic scientists [1, 2]. Forensic scientists were compared to a control group of other doctors. The following researches were carried out: survey of 303 forensic scientists, analysis of their employment terms based on employment terms special evaluation (2,736 materials of employment terms special evaluation), examination of forensic scientists’ health compared to other doctors by analyzing medical examination results (309 health records). Protection and promotion of working population’s health is the state priority. Its purpose is to preserve labor potential and create conditions for economic development of the country. Medical workers are exposed to a combined, complex, and associated effect of working environment conditions and parameters [3, 4]. Industrial and social factors can result in a rising incidence, reduction in life expectancy, ill health and medical staff performance increment, and require preventive measures. Those working for forensic expert organizations constitute a special population due to a large number of professional, medical and organizational, and social risk factors [5].

scholarly journals The phenomenon of social risk families and its dynamics in Lithuania

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Vide Gudzinskiene ◽  
Rimvydas Augutavicius
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Scientific Problem ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Social And Physical Environment ◽  
The Impact

Families at risk are definitely the urgent public concern that requires immediate solutions in Lithuania. It is important to mention that the children growing within the families at risk are in the centre of concern as their social and physical environment is not stimulating enough, leading to a number of different problems the families and children themselves are facing. In general, the number of such children makes about 4 percent of the total number of children in the country and this rate has remained stable for many years. Scientific problem – the problems experienced by children growing within social risk families and the impact of social risk factors on children's socialization and integration. Object – phenomenon of families at risk in Lithuania. Task of the article – to analyze the phenomenon of social risk families and its trends in Lithuania.

scholarly journals Presentation and healthcare delays among people with tuberculosis in London, and the impact on treatment outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000468
Author(s):  
Poppy Evenden ◽  
Anita Roche ◽  
Basel Karo ◽  
Sooria Balasegaram ◽  
Charlotte S Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
P Value ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Asian Ethnicity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Healthcare Visit

BackgroundA quarter of London’s pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients have over 4 months of delay. Late diagnosis increases disease severity and the risk of transmission. We aim to classify delays, identify associated risk factors and assess treatment outcome.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using London surveillance data, 2012–2018 on adults aged ≥18 years with pulmonary TB. We defined presentation delay (days from symptom onset to first healthcare visit) and healthcare delay (first healthcare visit to treatment commencement) as dichotomous variables; positive delay being days equal or greater than the third quartile. We applied logistic regression models to identify risk factors associated with delays and treatment outcome at 12 months.ResultsOf 7216 people, 4539 reported presentation and 5193 healthcare delays. The third quartiles for presentation and healthcare delay were 84 and 61 days, respectively. Presentation delay was associated with female sex (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.21; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.39), increasing age (aOR=1.004; 95% CI 1.001 to 1.008), white compared to Asian ethnicity (aOR=1.35; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.62), previous imprisonment (aOR=1.66; 95% CI 1.22 to 2.26) and alcohol misuse (aOR=1.44; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.89). Healthcare delay was associated with female sex (aOR=1.39; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.59), increasing age (aOR=1.014; 95% CI 1.009 to 1.018) and white ethnicity (aOR=1.41; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.68). 16% of 5678 people with known outcome did not complete treatment. Neither delay was associated with non-completion (p value <0.05).ConclusionsFemale, white and older people with TB were more likely to experience both presentation and healthcare delays. Social risk factors were also associated with delay in presentation. Early diagnosis and treatment remain critical to reduce transmission, regardless of whether delay affected completion.

scholarly journals REDUCING HEALTH DISPARITIES IN THE ERA OF VALUE-BASED CARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S562-S563
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Elham Mahmoudi ◽  
Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The US health care system is at a critical moment of transformation. The implementation of value-based models has made significant progress towards improving care quality and coordination, continuity of care and reducing cost. However, concerns have been raised regarding “cherry-picking” healthier people that may negatively impact patients with more complex needs and minority populations. Given that the US is becoming more diverse, there is a need for understanding the impact of social risk factors including ethnicity, immigration status, income and geography on health outcomes and issues of health care disparities. This panel brings together four studies that examine these phenomena in minority populations. These studies will provide novel insight regarding 1) healthcare utilization in Mexican-American Medicare beneficiaries and showing that social determinants of health are associated with a higher risk of hospitalization, emergency room admissions, and outpatient visits. 2) Mortality rates and predialysis care among Hispanics in the US, Hispanics in Puerto Rico, and Whites in the US demonstrating substantial disparities in access to recommended nephrology care for Hispanics in Puerto Rico; 3) Trends in age-adjusted mortality rates and supply of physicians in states with different nurse-practitioners regulation. 4) The impact of social risk factors on disenrollment from Fee-For-Service and enrollment in a Medicare Advantage plan in older Mexican-Americans. 5) Racial disparities in access to physician visits, prescription drugs, and healthcare spending among older adults with cognitive limitation. Studies in this panel will also discuss the effects of changes in care delivery and payment innovations in improving health equity.

scholarly journals Medical-social risk factors of cervical cancer development among women of reproductive age

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Female Population

Cervical cancer is one of the widespread diseases that have a negative impact on the reproductive health. However, medical-social risk factors which provoke this pathology aren't studied sufficiently yet. We have identified the most significant medical-social risk factors of cervical cancer's development and progression based on data analysis of a sociological study. Thus, it was found that cervical cancer can't be associated with predominantly late reproductive age of women in conditions of the Republic of Belarus: most of the patients with this pathology (more than 53%) were under the age of 35 years old. The group of patients suffered from cervical cancer was quite homogeneous in their social status, which was average and relatively stable in a large majority of them (more than 90%), despite employment in various sectors of the national economy. Social functioning of these patients wasn't significantly different from the main population of women in reproductive age. Thus, early sexual activity and random early sexual relations weren't characteristic for the majority of them: 86.1±4.46% (the control group – 87.3±5.51%, the comparison group – 78.2±3.96%) and 83.5±4.72% (the control group – 89.1±4.28%, the comparison group – 75.2±2.36%). Moreover, the married patients of the main group had the most ordered sexual behavior (p<0.01; tau=0.572) which determined the low prevalence of artificial abortions among them, including menstrual cycle regulation (less than 8%). However, the revealed different defects of health-saving behavior in the main group of patients (more than 70%), including an insufficient level of valeological knowledge, the presence of common harmful habits and low medical activity, indicate that there are significant reserves for improvement of the preventive activities of medical stuff in the field of primary medical care for the development of a healthy lifestyle among female population of reproductive age and providing clinical examination among this contingent of females in reproductive age with the purpose of cervical cancer prevention.

scholarly journals Examining the association of social risk with heart failure readmission in the Veterans Health Administration

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie M. Wray ◽  
Marzieh Vali ◽  
Louise C. Walter ◽  
Lee Christensen ◽  
Wendy Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Previous research has found that social risk factors are associated with an increased risk of 30-day readmission. We aimed to assess the association of 5 social risk factors (living alone, lack of social support, marginal housing, substance abuse, and low income) with 30-day Heart Failure (HF) hospital readmissions within the Veterans Health Affairs (VA) and the impact of their inclusion on hospital readmission model performance. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study using chart review and VA and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) administrative data from a random sample of 1,500 elderly (≥ 65 years) Veterans hospitalized for HF in 2012. Using logistic regression, we examined whether any of the social risk factors were associated with 30-day readmission after adjusting for age alone and clinical variables used by CMS in its 30-day risk stratified readmission model. The impact of these five social risk factors on readmission model performance was assessed by comparing c-statistics, likelihood ratio tests, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic. Results The prevalence varied among the 5 risk factors; low income (47 % vs. 47 %), lives alone (18 % vs. 19 %), substance abuse (14 % vs. 16 %), lacks social support (2 % vs. <1 %), and marginal housing (< 1 % vs. 3 %) among readmitted and non-readmitted patients, respectively. Controlling for clinical factors contained in CMS readmission models, a lack of social support was found to be associated with an increased risk of 30-day readmission (OR 4.8, 95 %CI 1.35–17.88), while marginal housing was noted to decrease readmission risk (OR 0.21, 95 %CI 0.03–0.87). Living alone (OR: 0.9, 95 %CI 0.64–1.26), substance abuse (OR 0.91, 95 %CI 0.67–1.22), and having low income (OR 1.01, 95 %CI 0.77–1.31) had no association with HF readmissions. Adding the five social risk factors to a CMS-based model (age and comorbid conditions; c-statistic 0.62) did not improve model performance (c-statistic: 0.62). Conclusions While a lack of social support was associated with 30-day readmission in the VA, its prevalence was low. Moreover, the inclusion of some social risk factors did not improve readmission model performance. In an integrated healthcare system like the VA, social risk factors may have a limited effect on 30-day readmission outcomes.

scholarly journals Аssessment of social risk factors of tuberculosis contamination in HIV-infected people according to epidemiological survey of epidemic foci

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
V. I. Sergevnin ◽  
O. V. Tukacheva ◽  
M. V. Kokorina ◽  
M. G. Мenshikova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Patient ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Infected People

Objective. Assessment of tuberculosis (TB) infection conditions for HIV-infected people.Materials and methods. Еpidemiological survey of 38 epidemic foci of HIV-associated tuberculosis, 28 foci of tuberculosis without HIV infection and 20 foci in which the diagnosis of tuberculosis wasn`t confirmed (control-group) were conducted.Results and its discussion. As it turns out that in the most cases of the development of HIV-associated TB, the primary diagnosis of HIV infection preceded the primary diagnosis of tuberculosis. According to the results of the case-control analytical epidemiological study, such risk factors of HIV-infected tuberculosis as lack of family, higher education and regular job, the fact of deprivation of liberty and drug users (as a reflection of the low social status of patients), as well as contact with tuberculosis patient were identified. Risk factors for mycobacteria infection in people without HIV infection were only the lack of family and contact with tuberculosis patients.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS INFLUENCING DENTAL HEALTH IN HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 721-732
Author(s):  
Farrukh Ismatov ◽  
Davron Ibragimov ◽  
Usmon Gaffarov ◽  
Zukhra Iskhakova ◽  
Farangiza Valieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
State University ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Carious Process ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to study the dental health of university students in Samarkand and assess the impact of organizational, medical and social risk factors on it. A comprehensive examination of the dental health of students in the city of Samarkand was carried out. The research took place between Institutions of Higher Education. The total number of students is 574. The following universities participated: Samarkand Medical Institute and Samarkand State University among which there were 193 students of the 1st year, 175 students of the 2nd year, 206 students of the 3rd year, respectively. The prevalence of dental caries was revealed, which was 91.87 ± 1.30%. ... The intensity of the carious process was 5.31 ± 0.14 teeth at 8.34 ± 0.26 of the surface, signs of periodontal tissue diseases were revealed with an intensity of 3.88 ± 0.06 segment. 53.05 ± 2.37% of students had dentoalveolar anomalies and deformities,

IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS ROLE IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-783
Author(s):  
Victor A. Ognev ◽  
Anna A. Podpriadova ◽  
Anna V. Lisova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
The Impact

Introduction:The high level of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease is largely due toinsufficient influence on the main risk factors that contribute to the development of myocardial infarction.Therefore, a detailed study and assessment of risk factors is among the most important problems of medical and social importance. The aim: To study and evaluate the impact of biological, social and hygienic, social and economic, psychological, natural and climatic risk factors on the development of myocardial infarction. Materials and methods: A sociological survey was conducted in 500 people aged 34 to 85. They were divided into two groups. The main group consisted of 310 patients with myocardial infarction. The control group consisted of 190 practically healthy people, identical by age, gender and other parameters, without diseases of the cardiovascular system. Results: It was defined that 30 factors have a significant impact on the development of myocardial infarction.Data analysis revealed that the leading risk factors for myocardial infarction were biological and socio-hygienic. The main biological factors were: hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The man socio-hygienic factor was smoking. Conclusions: Identification of risk factors provides new opportunities for the development of more effective approaches for the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals The impact of vascular risk factors on the thickness and volume of the choroid in AMD patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Krytkowska ◽  
Aleksandra Grabowicz ◽  
Katarzyna Mozolewska-Piotrowska ◽  
Zofia Ulańczyk ◽  
Krzysztof Safranow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Central Ring ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wet Amd

AbstractDisturbances in choroidal microcirculation may lead to the onset and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We aimed to assess changes in the choroidal volume and thickness in the macular region in AMD eyes and to investigate whether coexisting vascular risk factors alter choroidal status. We enrolled 354 AMD patients (175 dry, 179 wet AMD) and 121 healthy controls. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination and assessment of choroidal thickness and volume. A multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status revealed that wet AMD was an independent factor associated with higher average thickness of the central ring area (ATC) and average volume of the central ring area (AVC) and lower choroidal vascularity index (CVI) compared to controls (β =  + 0.18, p = 0.0007, β =  + 0.18, p = 0.0008, respectively) and to dry AMD (β =  + 0.17, p = 0.00003 for both ATC and AVC and β =  − 0.30 p < 0.0001 for CVI). ATC, AVC and average volume (AV) were lower in AMD patients with hypertension and ischaemic heart disease (IHD). The duration of hypertension was inversely correlated with ATC, AVC and AV (Rs =  − 0.13, p < 0.05; Rs =  − 0.12; p < 0.05, Rs =  − 0.12; p < 0.05, respectively) while IHD duration negatively correlated with AV (Rs =  − 0.15, p < 0.05). No such associations were observed in the control group. Our findings show that the choroidal vascular system in eyes with AMD is much more susceptible to damage in the presence than in the absence of systemic vascular disease.

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