scholarly journals Evaluation of the Use of Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) for Describing the Species Diversity of Two Coral Reefs in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Lilian A. Palomino-Alvarez ◽  
Xochitl G. Vital ◽  
Raúl E. Castillo-Cupul ◽  
Nancy Y. Suárez-Mozo ◽  
Diana Ugalde ◽  
...  

Autonomous reef monitoring structures (ARMS) have been proposed as a standardized, passive, nondestructive sampling tool. This study assessed the ability of ARMS to capture the cryptic species diversity of two coral reefs by recording species richness and taxonomic representativeness using conventional taxonomy. The capacity of ARMS, as artificial substrates, to favor the establishment of nonindigenous species over native species was also evaluated. The use of ARMS allowed the detection of 370 species morphotypes from nine phyla, yielding 13 new records of geographic distribution expansion, one exotic species for the Gulf of México and the Caribbean Sea, and six newly described species. It was also possible to make spatial comparisons of species richness between both reefs. ARMS captured cryptic diversity exceptionally well, with the exception of echinoderms. Furthermore, these artificial structures did not hinder the colonization ability of native species; in fact, the colonization patterns on the structures themselves represented the spatial differences in the structure of benthic assemblages. This study represents the first effort to make a conventional taxonomic description of the cryptic fauna of the Yucatan Peninsula using ARMS. It is recommended to assess coral reef species diversity, but more taxonomists specialized in marine invertebrates are needed.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3179
Author(s):  
José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni ◽  
Miguel Ángel Castillo-Santiago ◽  
Juan Andres-Mauricio ◽  
Carlos A. Portillo-Quintero ◽  
Fernando Tun-Dzul ◽  
...  

Integrating information about the spatial distribution of carbon stocks and species diversity in tropical forests over large areas is fundamental for climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation. In this study, spatial models showing the distribution of carbon stocks and the number of species were produced in order to identify areas that maximize carbon storage and biodiversity in the tropical forests of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. We mapped carbon density and species richness of trees using L-band radar backscatter data as well as radar texture metrics, climatic and field data with the random forest regression algorithm. We reduced sources of errors in plot data of the national forest inventory by using correction factors to account for carbon stocks of small trees (<7.5 cm DBH) and for the temporal difference between field data collection and imagery acquisition. We created bivariate maps to assess the spatial relationship between carbon stocks and diversity. Model validation of the regional maps obtained herein using an independent data set of plots resulted in a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.28 and 0.31 and a relative mean square error of 38.5% and 33.0% for aboveground biomass and species richness, respectively, at pixel level. Estimates of carbon density were influenced mostly by radar backscatter and climatic data, while those of species richness were influenced mostly by radar texture and climatic variables. Correlation between carbon density and species richness was positive in 79.3% of the peninsula, while bivariate maps showed that 39.6% of the area in the peninsula had high carbon stocks and species richness. Our results highlight the importance of combining carbon and diversity maps to identify areas that are critical—both for maintaining carbon stocks and for conserving biodiversity.


2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
V. N. Zlatarski

From 1983 to 1984, the Center for Advanced Studies and Research in Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico (CINVESTAV-Unidad Mérida) conducted an extensive study of reef scleractinians all around the Yucatán peninsula, from Cayos Arcas to the border of Belize. The results were not published. This article aims to preserve the unique information gathered in this study regarding scleractinian taxonomy, nomenclature and health, their species richness, community data and distribution, as well as their reef zonation. Scuba observations and collections were performed daily and nightly from the coast to a depth of 60 m, in 39 transects and 10 single stations, from a total of 141 sites and 174 stations. 4,579 coralla were collected, inventoried and identified. In total, 42 species and one hybrid of 27 genera were determined and four reef types were established: Campeche Bank reefs, reefs in the east coast of the Yucatán Peninsula, Cozumel Island coral reefs and Chinchorro Bank reefs. The severe negative impact of oil exploiation was evident in Cayos Arcas. Poorly conducted tourism and fishing damaged the reefs in Cozumel, Punta Brava and Isla Mujeres. Scleractinian health did not show significant anomalies. No epizootic phenomena were established. Recruits frequented non-damaged locations. The results obtained in less than 14 months of field work present a quarter-century-old snapshot and baseline for understanding scleractinian life and their role in the reef-building process, and assist in the formulation of recommendations for the conservation of coral reefs in southeastern Mexico. Escleractinios de la penínsutla de Yucatán, México: Resultados de la investigación 1983-1984 Durante 1983 y 1984, el Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Mérida, Yucatán, México (CINVESTAV-Unidad Mérida) condujo un estudio sobre los arrecifes de corales escleractinios alrededor de la península de Yucatán, desde Cayos Armas hasta la frontera con Belice; los resultados no fueron publicados. Este artículo está enfocado en preservar la única información obtenida de este trabajo sobre la taxonomía, nomenclatura, salud, riqueza de especies, datos de la comunidad y distribución, así como la localización por zonas en el arrecife, de los escleractinios. Las observaciones y recolectas fueron realizadas diariamente mediante buceo libre (día y noche), desde la costa hasta una profundidad de 60 m, en 39 lineas de muestreo y 10 estaciones, de un total de 141 sitios y 174 estaciones. Se recolectaron 4,579 corales, que fueron inventariados e identificados. Se determinaron 42 especies y un híbrido de 27 géneros; se establecieron cuatro tipos de arrecifes: arrecifes de banco de Campeche, arrecifes de la costa este de la península de Yucatán, arrecifes coralinos de Isla Cozumel y arrecifes del banco Chinchorro. El impacto negativo por explotación de petróleo fue evidente en Cayos Arcas. Y en Cozumel, Punta Brava e Isla Mujeres debido a turismo pobremente manejado y por pesca. La salud de los escleractinios no mostró anomalías significativas. No se determinaron fenómenos epizooticos. El reclutamiento fue frecuente en lugares sin daño. Con menos de 14 meses de trabajo de campo se presenta una fotografía de hace un cuarto de siglo y una línea base para entender la vida de los escleractinios y su papel en el proceso de la construcción del arrecife. Asimismo, coadyuva en las recomendaciones para la conservación de los arrecifes coralinos del sureste de México.


2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt M. Dreckmann ◽  
María Luisa Núñez Resendiz ◽  
Abel Sentíes

AbstractAlthough the genusGracilariais well represented on the Mexican coasts, there are few studies focused on the taxonomic aspects and the clarification of the relationships between species. The high morphological plasticity exhibited by several of its representatives could underestimate the true species richness. In the present study, a group of cylindrical specimens ofGracilariafrom the southeastern Gulf of Mexico, previously identified asG. cornea, was collected. Based on COI-5P andrbcL sequences, these samples formed an independent group closely related toG. ferox, a flat species. Morphologically, our specimens differed fromG. feroxand the other species ofGracilariaby the presence of very small cystocarps and a thick pericarp composed of many layers of cells. We proposeGracilaria microcarpasp. nov. as the name for this group of cylindrical specimens from the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico.


2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo A. Alvarado-Segura ◽  
Luz María Calvo-Irabién ◽  
Rodrigo Duno de Stefano ◽  
Henrik Balslev

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1615-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
WIRYONO . ◽  
YANSEN . ◽  
ADITYA . ◽  
DAVID JUARA LAMHOT ◽  
JURIAH HUTAHAEAN

Wiryono, Yansen, Aditya, Lamhot DJ, Hutahaean J. 2018. Short Communication: The species diversity and composition ofroadside trees in five cities in Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1615-1621. Roadside trees make living in a city more enjoyable dueto their aesthetic values and ecosystem services. The ecological benefits of roadside trees may be enhanced by increasing the speciesdiversity and the proportion of native species. The objective of this study was to know the species diversity and composition of roadsidetrees in the cities of Palembang, Bengkulu, Curup, Pematang Siantar and Argamakmur, in Sumatra Island, Indonesia, varying in size andaltitude. Data of trees were collected from selected streets and analyzed to determine the species richness (S), Shannon-Wiener index ofdiversity (Hʹ) and Ellenberg index of community similarity (ISE). The results showed that the species richness in a city ranged from 7 to26, with the diversity index between 1.05 and 2.08. The large and medium cities had higher S and Hʹ. More introduced species werefound, both in number of species and number of individuals, than the native ones. The similarity among cities in species compositionranged from 47 to 82%. Overall, Swietenia macrophylla, an introduced species, was the most abundant species. The S and Hʹ values ofall cities were considered low and the composition of tree species did not support the conservation of native species. It is, therefore,essential to increase the species diversity of street trees, especially by planting native species.


Author(s):  
Eliana Josefina Noguera Savelli ◽  
William Cetzal-Ix

Objective. To analyze the valuation, use, and preservation of native palms as a non-timber forest product (NTFP) of high economic importance for rural communities in the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach: The available literature on palms and their use in the Yucatán Peninsula (YP) was examined using the snowball method. Subsequently, different online flora databases were consulted in order to examine the taxonomic identities of palm species present in the YP. The reported uses were classified. Results: The YP has 20 native species that belong to 13 genera and three subfamilies. All of them are economically exploited as NTFPs, especially in construction (85%) and honey production (70%), followed by food and medicinal use (35% each), craftwork (30%), ornamental use (25%), and fodder (10%). These data confirm that native palms are an important livelihood means for the inhabitants of Mayan communities in the region. Study limitations/implications: The research faced a limited database of encyclopedias, anthologies, directories, books, or articles that interpret works or research about this topic. Findings/Conclusions: The local and regional use of palms represents an additional income for the people who use this natural resource on different productive scales, both in rural communities and city centers. An alternative to ensure the sustainability of palms would be to establish governmental programs for their reproduction


2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 961 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Kemp ◽  
W. McG. King ◽  
A. R. Gilmour ◽  
G. M. Lodge ◽  
S. R. Murphy ◽  
...  

The relationships between productivity and plant species diversity were assessed using data from the Sustainable Grazing Systems (SGS) 10 national experiment sites. Each site applied up to 7 different management treatments. Sites varied in the amount of data available for analysis. Plant species diversity was assessed in terms of both the total and native species present at each site. More than 200 plant taxa were recorded over the period of the experiment, about one-third of which were native. In the majority of cases, the native species present within a treatment remained there throughout the experiments, even when fertilised and oversown with introduced species. The number of native species increased by 1 or 2 over the 3–4 years of each experiment where grasslands were less intensively used (average herbage mass >2 t DM/ha), but decreased in more heavily grazed treatments. Native grasses made much greater contributions to herbage mass than other native species. Of the more than 70 native plant species found, the most numerous were broadleaf species, which tended to be more variable under management treatments. As total species richness increased, there was a tendency for pasture productivity to be less, for the mean standing herbage mass to be less and for seasonal growth to be less stable. This depended upon experiments and tended to apply at the sites with higher annual pasture growth rates. All treatments had >10 plant species within the small (about 1.5 ha) paddocks used and larger paddocks often had many more. It was apparent from the high plant species richness at each site (about 25–100 species) that many more niches exist in these paddocks than the number of species usually sown in a pasture. Opportunities to redesign pasture mixtures to exploit more of the resources available obviously exist. Understanding of the relationships among management practices, productivity and plant species diversity is limited, but will become important as we seek more sustainable grazing systems. The studies analysed here suggested that where the herbage mass was maintained between 2 and 4 t DM/ha then species were maintained and productivity was optimised.


2018 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Guillén-Hernández ◽  
C González-Salas ◽  
D Pech-Puch ◽  
H Villegas-Hernández

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