scholarly journals Glomus mosseae and Pseudomonas fluorescens Application Sustains Yield and Promote Tolerance to Water Stress in Helianthus annuus L.

Stresses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-316
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Sharma ◽  
Anil Kumar Delta ◽  
Prashant Kaushik

The inoculation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can significantly enhance its growth and yield in a sustainable manner. Drought tolerance is mediated by a combination of direct AMF and PGPR benefits that boost the plant’s natural ability to cope with stress, whereas drought mitigation is mediated by indirect AMF and PGPR benefits and increased water uptake. An experiment was carried out to demonstrate the interactive effects of AMF (Glomus mosseae) alone or in association with PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) under water-stressed conditions in order to assess their biofertilizer efficiency. Accordingly, various morphological and biochemical parameters were studied, and the results suggested that all the co-inoculation treatments displayed beneficial effects. Still, the combination of G. mosseae + P. fluorescens showed the maximum increment in all the parameters considered, i.e., plant height and weight, leaves length and width, number of leaves per plant, specific leaf weight, relative leaf water content (RLWC), photosynthetic efficiency, seed length, width, and area, seed yield per plant, number of seeds per flower, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, flower and head diameter, harvest index, oil content, fatty acid composition (palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and linoleic acid), and total yield. The improvement in different parameters may be attributed to the increased availability of nutrients due to the symbiotic association of AMF and PGPR with plant roots along with enhanced root structures for more water absorption under stressed conditions. Therefore, the results suggested that they offer a promising bio-control strategy for crop protection as biofertilizers combined in one formulation.

Author(s):  
Ali Moutcher Murzah Al-Shamri - Najm Abdullah Juma Al - Zuba

A factorial experiment was applied according to Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications, during the spring season 2017 in Diyala / Baquba / Buhriz city, using silt loam soil to study the effect of four levels of foliar fertilization with humic acid 0, 2, 4, 6 ml.L-1 in the growth and yield of sunflower, Helianthus annuus  L. (LuLeo). The results showed significant differences for level of humic acid 6 ml.L-1 in plant height which gave an average 213.73 cm, leaf area of the plant 5597.32 cm2, chlorophyll index 48.64 SPAD, dry weight of the plant 215.0 g, number of seeds in the flowery disc 1494 seed.disc-1, 1000 seeds weight 88.3 g, plant yield 127.91 g.plant-1, total yield 6.81 ton.h-1 and oil percentage in the seeds 43.184%, while the level 4 ml.L-1 humic acid gave the highest average for the protein percentage in the seeds 18.34%.


2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Johnson

Growth compensation of dwarf sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids to low initial stands, later stand losses, or plant defoliation has not been reported regarding replanting decisions and crop insurance yield loss assessment. Three experiments were conducted to study the affect of stand reduction, defoliation, and row spacing on dwarf sunflower yield and quality when grown in eastern North Dakota. Experiment 1 evaluated stand reduction (0, 25, 50 and 75%) applied at growth stages (V4, R1 and R6) in 15, 45 and 76 cm spaced rows. Row spacing interactions with stand reduction and growth stage were not significant for yield indicating growth stage and stand reduction effects on yield response were independent of row spacing. In exp. 2, significant growth stage (V4, V8, R1, R2, R3, R5 and R6) by stand reduction (0, 12, 25, 37, 50, 62 and 75%) interaction showed stand reduction at vegetative growth stages not influencing yield, but as maturity progressed yield reductions became greater with increased stand reduction. Achene weight increased with increasing stand reduction at vegetative and early reproductive stages. A reciprocal relationship was noted between achene weight and achene oil content where oil content decreased as achene weight increased. Interaction of growth stage (R1 and R6) and defoliation (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) in exp. 3 indicated greater reduction in yield, test weight, 1000-achene weight, and achene oil conte nt as defoliatin increased at growth stage R6. Yield compensating ability of dwarf sunflower is dependent on type and level of damage and growth stage of occurrence, with total yield reduction considering all effects. Key words: Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., row spacing, stand reduction, defoliation


Author(s):  
Rehman Ali Keerio ◽  
Nighat Seema Soomro ◽  
Aijaz Ahmed Soomro ◽  
Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Tahir Khan ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1453-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashida Perveen ◽  
Yasir Jamil ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Qasim Ali ◽  
Munawar Iqbal ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Shahzad Ahmed Shah ◽  
Muhammad Ayub ◽  
Asif Tanveer ◽  
Haseeb-ur- Rehman


OALib ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 05 (07) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Oad ◽  
Muhammad Ali Ansari ◽  
Jagdesh Kumar ◽  
Dilpat Rai Menghwar

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