scholarly journals Bacterial Profile and Antibiotic Resistance among Cancer Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in a National Tertiary Cancer Hospital of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Gambhir Shrestha ◽  
Xiaolin Wei ◽  
Katrina Hann ◽  
Kyaw Thu Soe ◽  
Srinath Satyanarayana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cancer Hospital ◽  
Tract Infections

Cancer patients are at high risk of antibiotic resistant bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs). In this study, we assessed the bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance among cancer patients suspected of UTI in B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Nepal through a cross-sectional study with routinely collected data. All cancer patients who had a recorded urine culture between July 2018–June 2019 were included in the study. Out of 308 patients who had undergone culture, 73 (24%) of samples had bacterial growth. The most common organisms isolated were E. coli (58%), Staphylococcus (11%) and Klebsiella (10%). These bacteria had undergone susceptibility testing to 27 different antibiotics in various proportions. Of the limited antibiotic testing levels, nitrofurantoin (54/66, 82%) and amikacin (30/51, 59%) were the most common. Among those tested, there were high levels of resistance to antibiotics in the “Access” and “Watch” groups of antibiotics (2019 WHO classification). In the “Reserve” group, both antibiotics showed resistance (polymyxin 15%, tigecycline 8%). Multidrug resistance was seen among 89% of the positive culture samples. This calls for urgent measures to optimize the use of antibiotics in UTI care at policy and health facility levels through stewardship to prevent further augmentation of antibiotic resistance among cancer patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Urine Isolated Bacteria and Their Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospitalized Patients in Ahvaz Golestan Hospital in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Ladan Fatahi ◽  
Mohammad Soleymani Zar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background and Objectives: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in the community and hospitalized patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections and their antibiotic resistance in hospitalized patients. Subjects and Methods In the this descriptive-cross-sectional study, the results of about 5,000 urine samples sent for culture from the hospitalized patients of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz in 2019 were examined. Relevant information was extracted from patients’ medical records. Results Out of 5000 samples studied (39.7% female and 60.3% male), about 468 samples (9.36%) showed positive urine culture. Of the patients with UTI, 205 patients were women (43.8%). The risk of UTI increased with age. The most common bacteria caused urinary tract infections were E. coli with 51.5%, followed by Klebsiella with 29.3%. It was also observed that bacteria isolated from urine samples of people with UTI had antibiotic resistance, and for each bacteria special groups of antibiotics were more effective. Conclusion The prevalence of UTI in the studied patients was 9.36%. In females and with increasing age, the prevalence of UTI was higher. The most common bacteria that caused UTI were E. coli and then Klebsiella. Due to the fact that the resistance and sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotic used, it is recommended that the most common bacterial agents of UTI must be diagnosed and then the most appropriate antibiotic must be prescribed

Local characteristics associated with higher prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in community-acquired urinary tract infections: an observational, cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Larramendy ◽  
Aurélie Gaultier ◽  
Jean-Pascal Fournier ◽  
Jocelyne Caillon ◽  
Leïla Moret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Animal Farming ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Objectives The prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli) in community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) has been increasing worldwide since 2000, but with large geographical variations. The aim of this study was to determine whether the ESBL-E. coli rate in urine samples from individuals with community-acquired UTI was associated with the local socio-economic, environmental, agricultural and healthcare characteristics. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in western France using data on antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli isolated from urine samples of individuals with community-acquired UTI analysed in non-hospital laboratories from 2015 to 2017. The ESBL-E. coli rate was calculated for each laboratory. Data on socio-economic characteristics, human antibiotic consumption, hospital bed density, animal farming density and percentage of agricultural land and surface water were retrieved at the municipality level and aggregated by study area. Their association with ESBL-E. coli prevalence was quantified using multivariate linear regression models with a backward selection. Results From 358 291 E. coli isolates from urine samples tested in 92 laboratories, the mean ESBL-E. coli prevalence for the study period was 3.30%. In an adjusted model, the ESBL-E. coli rate was significantly (P < 0.05) and positively associated with the local percentage of people >65 years old, third-generation cephalosporin use (DDD/1000 inhabitants), number of hospital beds/km2, poultry density, pig density and percentage of agricultural land. Lower deprivation was associated with a higher ESBL-E. coli rate. Conclusions Several anthropogenic factors (primary care, hospitals and animal farming) are associated with the local ESBL-E. coli rate in community-acquired UTI. These results could contribute to improve risk management, including identification of at-risk patient groups.

scholarly journals Multidrug-resistant urinary tract isolates of escherichia coli: Frequency and patient demographics in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
Salman Azhar ◽  
Muhmmad Wasif Baig ◽  
Shahid Rasool ◽  
Rizwan Rasool Khan ◽  
Talha Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major burden to the health care as it is estimated that around 150 million UTIs occur yearly worldwide. Enterobacteriaceae are the most common agent causing serious urinary tract infections; and MDR cases are increasing day by day. Objectives: To determine the frequency and patient demographics of multidrug resistant urinary tract isolates of Escherichia Coli in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study. Setting: Medicine Department of Madinah Teaching Hospital / The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad. Period: From May 2016 to Sep 2018. Material & Methods: 187 patients of age 15 to 90 years with positive E. coli on urine culture and sensitivity were included in this Retrospective cross sectional study. All those patients with history of dysuria (pain during urination) or frequent urination (more than 7 times per day) were advised urine complete analysis and those with >5 WBCs or pus cells /HPF or having positive for leukocyte esterase and/or nitrite, were advised urine culture and sensitivity. Main outcome variable was the frequency of MDRE cases among the culture positive E. coli UTI patients. Results: Among all the cases of E. coli UTI, frequency of MDRE UTI was 66.8% (n=125) and rest 33.2% (n= 62) cases were not MDR UTI. 97.3% patients were resistant to lactam antibiotics, 95.7% were resistant to quinolones and 68.4% were resistant to aminoglycosides.

scholarly journals BIOFILM FORMATION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF STROKE PATIENT’S URINARY CATHETER ISOLATES AT BETHESDA HOSPITAL, YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Christofer Sathya Wijaya Budi Sarwono
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli

Background: Antibiotic resistance currently challenges infectious disease management, specifically in combating biofilm formation. Biofilm might be developed on urinary catheter, in which stroke patients with urinary tract problem have higher risk of catheter associated urinary tract infection and problems related to antibiotic resistance. Aim: This study describes the microbe types from catheter isolates, measuring the antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm formation, especially in stroke patients at Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, describing findings of specimens from stroke patients at Bethesda Hospital, since December 2018 to January 2019. The isolates were identified with standard method, the antibiotic susceptibility were tested with antibiotic disc on MHA medium, and the biofilm formation were assessed using tissue culture plate method. All procedure were done in Microbiology Laboratorium, FK UKDW. Result: Thirty three microbes were isolated from 30 specimens of urinary catheter (63,3% male, 36,3% female). There is 76% isolates incapable of developing biofilm, while 15% is moderate biofilm producer and 9% is strong biofilm producer. The susceptibility test showed 100% resistancy of ampicillin-sulbactam, tetracyclin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and terbinafine. Around 50% of E. coli and 57% of K. pneumonias isolates is MDR, and 75% of A. baumanii is XDR. Conclusion: Isolated microbes from urinary catheter of stroke patients at Bethesda Hospital is dominated by E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and A. baumanii. Some of the microbes could form strong biofilm, and some of the antibiotics could not be used in the future due to their 100% resistancy on all specimens.

ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BACTERIAL STRAINS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN RURAL MAHARASHTRA

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Sunil Shivaputrayya Gidamudi ◽  
Gaurav V Salunke
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this study was to find out the etiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients attending B.K.L. Walawalkar Hospital,Dervan and to determine their antibiotic sensitivity pattern to currently used antimicrobial agents.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural hospital of Konkan Maharashtra, and urine samples were collected from368 clinically - suspected cases of UTIs using the mid-stream “clean catch” method and was tested and cultured using standard procedures. Antimicrobialsusceptibility test (AST) was performed for the isolated pathogens according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results: Escherichia coli (54.84%) was the most prevalent uropathogen. 76.47% of the isolated E. coli were found to be extended spectrum betalactamase producers. A higher prevalence rate of resistance was seen among E. coli to the commonly prescribed antibiotic agents. 32 (94.11%) of34 E. coli isolates recovered had multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR), with 16 isolates (50%) possessing MAR indices of 0.6.Conclusion: The study indicates the isolated microorganisms in UTI showed very high resistance to the commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs.This suggests the monitoring and rational use of the antimicrobial agents.Keywords: Mid-stream, Culture, Uropathogen, Resistance, Multiple antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Incidence of urinary tract infections and antibiotic resistance in the outpatient setting: a cross-sectional study

Infection ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Rossignol ◽  
Sophie Vaux ◽  
Sylvie Maugat ◽  
Alexandre Blake ◽  
Roxane Barlier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Assessment of urinary tract infection and their resistance to antibiotics in diabetic and non-diabetic patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nureen Zahra ◽  
Kanwal Rehman ◽  
Rana Aqeel ◽  
Asia Parveen ◽  
Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Diabetic patients are more susceptible to urinary tract infections (UTIs) than non-diabetic patients and due to the development of multidrug resistant uropathogenic strains, the choice of antibacterial agents is being limited. The study was undertaken to determine the influence of diabetes mellitus on the uropathogens and antibiotic sensitivity pattern among patients with UTIs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in which total of 400 patients were studied out of which 150 were diabetics and 250 were non-diabetics. Patients with negative urine culture (n = 240) were excluded from the study and 160 patients with positive culture of UTIs of which 80 were diabetics and 80 were non-diabetics, included in this study. Clinical data were obtained from individual study participant with informed written consent using pre-tested questionnaire. According to the clean-catch procedure, midstream urine samples were collected and cultured for the diagnosis and susceptibility of bacteriuria. Out of 160 uropathogenic isolates, <em>E. coli</em> was found as a leading pathogen i.e. 46.25% followed by <em>Candida spp</em>. 30.62%, <em>S. Faecalis</em> 15.62%, <em>P. aeruginosa</em> 3.13%, <em>Pneumococcus</em>. 1.25%, MSSA 1.25%, MRSA 0.63%, <em>Proteus spp</em>. 0.63% and <em>Vancomycin resistant enterococcus spp.</em> 0.63%. The results indicated that prevalence of UTIs was significantly higher in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic subjects. <em>E. coli</em> was found to be the most common isolate. It was observed that UTIs in diabetic patients was more in female diabetic patients than in male patients. Investigation of bacteriuria in diabetic patients for UTIs is an important tool for the treatment and prevention of renal complications.

scholarly journals Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection byEscherichia coliin the Era of Antibiotic Resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Sup Lee ◽  
Seung-Ju Lee ◽  
Hyun-Sop Choe
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused byEscherichia coli (E. coli)are the most common types of infections in women. The antibiotic resistance ofE. coliis increasing rapidly, causing physicians to hesitate when selecting oral antibiotics. In this review, our objective is to ensure that clinicians understand the current seriousness of antibiotic-resistantE. coli, the mechanisms by which resistance is selected for, and methods that can be used to prevent antibiotic resistance.

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