NEW HAPLOTYPE OF HOLSTEIN CATTLE FERTILITY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.В. КОВАЛЮК ◽  
В.Ф. САЦУК ◽  
Е.В. МАЧУЛЬСКАЯ ◽  
Ю.Ю. ШАХНАЗАРОВА
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Heterozygous State ◽  
Homozygous State ◽  
Genetic Anomaly ◽  
Holstein Population

В 2018 году методом идентификации регионов с потерей гомозиготности открыта новая генетическая аномалия крупного рогатого скота голштинской породы в гене SDE2 (g.29773628A>G; rs434666183). В гетерозиготном состоянии она приводит к носительству гаплотипа НН6, в гомозиготном — вызывает замедление роста эмбриона и самопроизвольный аборт до 56 дня стельности. Родоначальником этой аномалии считают голштинского производителя MOUNTAIN USAM000002070579, 1987 г. р. Частота встречаемости в современной голштинской популяции носителей НН6 гаплотипа составляет около 1,2%. Была установлена частота встречаемости носителей гаплотипа НН6 среди коров и быков-производителей голштинской породы, используемых в системе искусственного осеменения Краснодарского края. В статье приведены последовательности праймеров и методика генотипирования. Установлено, что частота встречаемости носителей гаплотипа НН6 в генотипированной группе (60 коров и 63 быка-производителя) составила менее 1% (0,8%). Проблема распространения носительства гаплотипа НН6 для молочного скотоводства Краснодарского края в настоящее время не является острой, однако тестирование на наличие гаплотипа НН6 желательно включить вместе с тестированием на наличие других гаплотипов голштинского скота (НН1, НН2, НН3, НН4, НН5, НСD) в список обязательных генетических тестирований племенных животных с целью не допустить в дальнейшем распространения мутации в гене SDE2. In 2018, a new genetic anomaly of Holstein cattle in the SDE2 gene (g.29773628A>G; rs434666183) was discovered by the method of identification of regions with loss of homozygosity. In the heterozygous state, it leads to the carrier of the haplotype HH6, in the homozygous state, it causes a slowdown in the growth of the embryo and spontaneous abortion before the 56th day of pregnancy. The originator of this anomaly is considered to be the Holstein manufacturer MOUNTAIN USAM000002070579 born in 1987. the Frequency of occurrence in the modern Holstein population of carriers of the HH6 haplotype is about 1.2%. The frequency of occurrence of carriers of the haplotype HN6 among Holstein cows and bulls used in the system of artificial insemination of the Krasnodar territory was established. The article presents the sequence of primers and the method of genotyping. It was found that the frequency of occurrence of carriers of the HH6 haplotype in the genotyped group (60 cows and 63 bulls) was less than 1% (0.8%). The problem of spreading the carrier haplotype HH6 for dairy cattle in the Krasnodar territory is currently not acute, but testing for the presence of haplotype HH6 is desirable to include together with testing for the presence of other haplotypes of Holstein cattle (HH1, HH2, HH3, HH4, HH5, HSD) in the list of mandatory genetic testing of breeding animals in order to prevent the further spread of mutations in the SDE2 gene.

scholarly journals Impacts of Artificial Insemination on Holstein Cattle Population in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032029
Author(s):  
A Ö Şen ◽  
F Cedden ◽  
A Ushakov
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Native Breed ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
The World

Abstract The use of artificial insemination (AI) is common practice in most countries all around the world, in dairy cattle. AI, which started to be implemented in Turkey in 1930, became more widespread in 1987 in order to rapidly improve the native breed. According to data from 2020, 37% of the cattle population is a crossbred and about 15% of this is Holstein cattle. In the last 5 years, approximately 26.5 million doses of sperm have been imported, in other words, an average of 0.70 doses per milked cow. In this study, the pedigree file records of 5 673 405 Holsteins born from 1975 to 2012, and all sires were known individually were selected for this study. It was determined that 5 673 405 individuals had a total of 11 883 sires. The 10 most used sires are parents of 10.61% of progeny in the population. For today, almost 37% of the cattle population is converted to exotic breeds and their crossbreeds. Approximately 15% of this is Holstein. In the last 5 years, approximately 26.5 million doses of semen have been imported, in other words, an average of 0.70 doses of semen per milked cow. Although frequent use of some sires leads to increased inbreeding in some herds, the consanguinity coefficient in the population was found to be 0.0145. Apart from various problems in insemination practices in Turkey, it can be suggested that an effective way is followed in semen selection and importation.

scholarly journals Eimeria species in dairy and beef cattle of different ages in Goiás state, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel ◽  
João Eduardo Nicaretta ◽  
Thiago de Souza Azeredo Bastos ◽  
Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto ◽  
Jordana Belos dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Nelore Cattle

Abstract This study aimed to identify the frequency of occurrence of Eimeria species in Holstein (taurine dairy cattle) and Nelore (zebu beef cattle) on 12 farms in the state of Goiás, Brazil. A total of 2,601 animals were evaluated, and the cattle were divided into the following age-group categories: up to three months old, four to eight months old, nine to 16 months old and cows. Fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of all animals. None of the cattle presented any clinical signs of eimeriosis during the survey. From the results obtained, it could be concluded that higher rates of infection by Eimeria spp. were observed in Holstein cattle between the 1st and 16 th months of age and in Nelore cattle between the 1st and 8th months of age. Twelve and nine Eimeria species were diagnosed in Holstein and Nelore cattle, respectively. However, Eimeria zuernii was more prevalent in animals up to three months old, while Eimeria bovis was more common in the remaining categories (cattle aged four months and over). Future studies on the epidemiology and/or seasonality of infection by Eimeria species in cattle, from birth onwards, are needed in order to better understand the dynamics of E. zuernii and E. bovis occurrences, especially in cattle under three months of age.

scholarly journals Non-specific Bacterial Profiles in Reproductive Tract of Dairy Cattle during Artificial Insemination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Astin Islam Andriani ◽  
Sri Pantja Madyawati ◽  
Emy Koestanti Sabdoningrum
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Other Hand

One of the causes of low reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle is the presence of reproductive disorders caused by a non-specific bacterial infection. The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify the genus of non-specific bacteria in the reproductive tract of dairy cattle during artificial insemination. A total of 10 samples in the form of mucus attached to the plastic sheath used after artificial insemination in dairy cattle were collected in the study. The samples were subjected to bacterial isolation and identification. The obtained results of the study indicated that Staphylococcus was the dominant genus found (90%). On the other hand, other genera were Escherichia (60%) and Corynebacterium (20%).

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LEPTIN (LEP) GENE POLYMORPHISM ON DAIRY AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF HOLSTEIN HEIFERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
E.R. Gaynutdinova ◽  
◽  
N.Yu. Safina ◽  
Sh.K. Shakirov ◽  
M.I. Varlamova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Testing Frequency ◽  
Lep Gene ◽  
Meat Productivity

The aim of this study was to research the association between leptin gene polymorphism in Holstein cows with their dairy and meat traits of productivity. To conduct DNA testing on the LEP gene blood samples were selected from 228 Holstein heifers. Animal genotyping according to the leptin gene was performed by AC-PCR. All possible genotypes of the LEP gene were identified in the course of DNA testing. Frequency of occurrence of genotypes and alleles was ranked as fol-lows: CC – 32.5 %, TC – 49.1 %, TT – 18.4 % and C – 0.57, T – 0.43. The results of this study show that animals with genotype TT of LEP gene can be useful in breeding for the improvement of population of Holstein cattle by economic traits associated to the dairy and meat productivity. This research was supported by the FASO Russia project АААА-А18-118031390148-1.

The use of progeny testing with artificial insemination in dairy cattle

1950 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Robertson ◽  
J. M. Rendel
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Progeny Testing

POLYMORPHISM OF PROLACTIN AND SOMATOTROPIN GENES IN DAIRY CATTLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Р.Р. ШАЙДУЛЛИН ◽  
А.Б. МОСКВИЧЕВА ◽  
Т.Х. ФАИЗОВ ◽  
Л.Р. ЗАГИДУЛЛИН ◽  
Т.М. АХМЕТОВ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Prolactin Gene ◽  
White Breed ◽  
White Cattle ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
The Republic

Изучен полиморфизм и определена частота встречаемости аллельных вариантов по генам пролактина (PRL) и соматотропина (GH) у коров в условиях двух племенных хозяйств Республики Татарстан. Объектом исследования были животные черно-пестрой породы первого (n=151) и третьего (n=168) отелов и холмогорской породы первого (n=160) и третьего (n=143) отелов. Проведено генотипирование коров по генам PRL и GH методом ДНК-диагностики. Установлено, что среди молочного скота преимущественно встречаются особи с генотипом PRL АА (70,0—77,5%), с частотой аллеля А гена пролактина — 0,83—0,87, аллеля В — 0,13—0,17. Встречаемость аллеля В была выше среди холмогорских коров (0,16—0,17). В стаде полновозрастных животных черно-пестрой породы имеется сдвиг генетического равновесия в сторону генотипов PRL AA и PRL BB (χ2=3,97; Р<0,05). В исследуемых стадах крупного рогатого скота выражено преимущество генотипа GH LL с частотой встречаемости 51,0—79,2%. Встречаемость генотипа GH VV у черно-пестрого скота составила 2,0—2,4%, у холмогорского — 5,6—7,0%. Аллель L гена соматотропина преобладает над аллелем V в обеих породах. При этом чаще встречаемость аллеля L GH среди коров холмогорской породы (0,28—0,29). У холмогорских коров больше представлены редкие и желательные аллели генов PRL и GH. Чтобы повысить встречаемость «предпочтительных» в хозяйственном отношении генотипов и аллелей ДНК-маркеров, необходимо в большей степени использовать быков-производителей с желательными аллелями PRL и GH, а именно В и V соответственно. The polymorphism was studied and the frequency of occurrence of allelic variants for the genes of prolactin (PRL) and somatotropin (GH) was determinedin cows in two bred livestock farms of the Republic of Tatarstan. The object of the study were animals of the black-and-white breed of the first (n=151) and third (n=168) calving and the Kholmogory breed of the first (n=160) and third (n=143) calving. Genotyping of cows for PRL and GH genes was carried out using method of DNA diagnostics. It was revealed that there were mainly individuals with the PRL AA genotype (70,0–77,5%)among dairy cattle, the frequency of the A allele of the prolactin gene was 0,83–0,87, the B allele was 0,13–0,17. The frequency of allele B was higher among Kholmogory cows (0,16–0,17). There was a shift in the genetic balance towards the PRL AA and PRL BB genotypes (χ2=3,97; Р<0,05) in the herd of full-age animals of the black-and-white breed. The advantage of the GH LL genotype was expressed with a frequency of occurrence 51,0–79,2% in the studied cattle herds. The occurence of the GH VV genotype was 2,0–2,4%in black-and-white cattle, 5,6–7,0% was in Kholmogorycattle. The L allele of the somatotropin gene predominated over the V allele in both breeds. Moreover, the occurrence of the L GH allele among cows of the Kholmogory breed (0,28–0,29) was more often. Rare and desirable alleles of the PRL and GH genes are more represented in Kholmogory cows. In order to increase the occurrence of economically “preferred” genotypes and alleles of DNA markers, it is necessary to use more stud bulls with the desired PRL and GH alleles, namely B and V, respectively.

scholarly journals Genetic variations of the bovine MX1 and their association with mastitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
N. Chen ◽  
F. Wang ◽  
N. Yu ◽  
Y. Gao ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Chinese Cattle ◽  
Mx1 Gene

The primary agent of mastitis is a wide spectrum of bacterial strains; however, viral-related mastitis has also been reported. The MX dynamin-like GTPase 1 (MX1) gene has been demonstrated to confer positive antiviral responses to many viruses, and may be a suitable candidate gene for the study of disease resistance in dairy cattle. The present study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of the MX1 gene in Chinese cattle breeds and its effects on mastitis in Holstein cows. First, polymorphisms were identified in the complete coding region of the bovine MX1 gene in 14 Chinese cattle breeds. An association study was then carried out, utilizing polymorphisms detected in Holstein cows to determine the associations of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with mastitis. We identified 13 previously reported SNPs in Chinese domestic cattle and four of them in Holstein cattle. A novel 12 bp indel was also discovered in Holstein cattle. In addition, haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium of four SNPs detected in Holstein cows were investigated. Analysis of these four SNPs in Chinese Holstein cows revealed two SNPs (g.143181370 T&gt;C and g.143182088 C&gt;T)<br /> significantly (P &lt; 0.05) associated with somatic cell score (SCS). The results indicated that SNPs in the MX1 gene might contribute to the variations observed in the SCS of dairy cattle. Therefore, implementation of these two mutations in selection indexes of the dairy industry might be beneficial by favouring the selection individuals with lower SCS.

scholarly journals Milk production performances of crossbred cattle at the villages of Jamalpur district in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Maksuda Begum ◽  
Jahura Begum ◽  
Md Kamrul Hasan Majumder ◽  
Mohammad Monzurul Hasan ◽  
Md Shamsul Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Cattle Rearing

Data on body measurements like BL (body length), CG (chest girth), WH (wither height) TM (test day milk production), PM (peak milk production), LP (lactation period), CFDC (cost for concentrate feed before test day milk production per cow), GGU (green grass used before test day milk production per cow) and husbandry practices, were collected from a total of 100 dairy cattle at the villages of Islampur upazila under the district of Jamalpur in Bangladesh from January to February 2017. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. The highest BL, CG, WH, CFDC and GGU were 175.71±0.42 cm, 161.74±0.24 cm,123.82±0.11 cm 125.54±0.24 bdt/cow/day and 27.29±0.89 kg/cow/day, respectively. The highest amounts of TM, PM and LP were 9.36±0.60 liter/cow, 13.11±0.54 liter/cow and 247.14±1.47 days/cow, respectively. BL, CG and WH increased with increased of the age of crossbred cattle up to 150 months of old. Similarly, CFDC and GGU increased with the increased of the age of crossbred cattle up to 150 months of old. Farmers in the study area were not interested to keep breeding bulls for breeding purpose but they were using artificial insemination system to inseminate their cows and aware about production performance record of the inseminating bull. Farmers took health services from milk vita and sold milk to the same. They believed that dairy cattle rearing a profitable livelihood. TM, PM and LP increased with the increased of the age of crossbred cattle up to 150 months of old. However, increase of CFDC will increase TM, LP and PM but increase of GGU will increase only LP. On the other hand increase of CG will increase TM and increase of BL will increase LP and PM.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 91-98, August 2017

Generation intervals in Canadian dairy cattle herds

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Bernard Ato Hagan ◽  
Roger Cue
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Cattle Herds

Genetic evaluation records for the Canadian Holstein, Ayrshire, Jersey, and Brown Swiss bulls and cows born from 1950 and 1960, respectively, were used to study the generation intervals (L) along the four-path selection model. The objectives of the study were to determine the L in the four dairy cattle breeds and the effects of some environmental factors and variations among herds or artificial insemination (AI) studs on the L achieved. Total L of the four selection paths was reduced by 55% from 29.2 yr in 1980 to 13.2 yr in 2016 in the Holstein breed. Substantial reductions in total L were also observed in the Ayrshire, Jersey, and Brown Swiss populations between 1980 and 2016. Unlike progeny year of birth, housing system, agricultural region in Québec (region) — as well as their interaction — were not important on realised L of sires and dams used on Canadian dairy farms. There were significant variations among herds and AI studs on the age of sires and dams used for breeding. The considerable variations in realised L among herds and AI studs offer opportunities to increase the annual rate of genetic progress in the four Canadian dairy cattle populations.

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