scholarly journals Semantic and motivational characteristics of enmity vocabulary: the relevance of structural motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (44) ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
L.N. Rebrina
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
Individual Motivation ◽  
Moral Qualities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relevant Word ◽  
Form Type ◽  
The Russian Language

The object of the research includes the actual designations of the subject with the semantics of enmity, formed with the active foreign language word-formation components, functioning in Russian-language online media and Internet communication in 2000-2020. The approaches used include system-centric and text-centric, semasiological and onomasiological approaches, motivational, definitional, functional-semantic and contextual analysis. It analyses the syntagmatics, semantics, word's inner form, type of motivation, motivational form and meaning, motivational and classification features, lexical and structural motivators, ways of discursive actualising the motivational relations of the studied words. It is shown that selected lexical units with the component –phobe, -phrenic, - saur, -down, -hater, -oid, -oholik, -path, -man, -(e)rast belong to the vocabulary of enmity depending on their significative or pragmatic component, implement a negative assessment of intellectual, psychological, moral qualities of the subject. The actual vectors of developing the nominal vocabulary of enmity in the Russian language are determined by integration, intensification, internationalization, intensification. The relevant word-forming tendencies in the studied group of nouns are highlighted – the frequency of word composition, non-usual ways of word formation, nominations by analogy, the increasing role of onyms, the activity of word-forming components with a negative rating. It is demonstrated that motivational relations of lexemes are discursively implemented through the actualization of lexical and structural motivation, the paradigmatic value of lexemes, the subjective modality that the addressee uses, his/her individual motivation of words.

scholarly journals CONCEPT CONCEPTS OF FUSION AND A S OF FUSION AND AGGLUTINATION IN TERMS OF TION IN TERMS OF MORPHONOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Svetlana Borisovna Im ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Russian Word ◽  
The Russian Language

The article uses conventional concepts of fusion and agglutination. They are recognized as insufficient to describe morphonological phenomena in Russian word formation, because they do not allow to reveal the fusional nature of the Russian language. Original formulations of these concepts are given. They make it possible to clarify the role of stress, alternation of phonemes and suffix in the synthesis of the phonic shape of a word in the Russian word formation.

scholarly journals “Brexit” models in the Russian-language Internet discourse

XLinguae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-285
Author(s):  
Dinara G. Vasbieva ◽  
Tatiana V. Kapshukova ◽  
Tursunai Ibragimova ◽  
Aitbayeva Nursaule ◽  
Zhanat Bissenbayeva
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Source Word

The paper discusses the linguistic impact of Brexit on the Russian-language Internet discourse as this event has generated a myriad of neologisms in English. The present study aims to identify the composition of Brexit-induced neologisms whose source word is -exit and to describe the features of the reception of the analyzed units at the morphological and word-formation levels in the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet. The subject of the research is an assimilation of the Brexit model in the Russian language. The findings of this study indicate that the features of the reception of -exit derivatives in the Russian language were revealed in the aspect of the morphemization of the -exit component.

scholarly journals Language Policy of Ukraine: Major Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
E. A. Markova
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Limited Scope

In its almost three decades history, Ukrainian language policy has gone through several stages of its development. Formed before the collapse of theUSSR, the Ukrainian elite actively used the issue of the language to achieve its political goals. Even at the turn of the 80-90s of the last century, the issue on the status of the Russian language was in the focus of the political struggle. Relying on the party and bureaucratic apparatus support, the nationalistically-spirited elite ofUkrainebegan to use the language issue for winning over the population of the southeastern regions. At that time, it was of great importance, since before the collapse of theUSSR, the Ukrainian elite was interested in preventing the growth of protest sentiment within the country. In subsequent years, the issue of the Russian language status has repeatedly become the subject of intense political battles and speculation as well. The Party of Regions, the Communist Party exploited the theme of “protecting” the Russian language to consolidate their electorate before the parliamentary and presidential elections. Concurrently, the Western Ukrainian elites defended a different position, proposing to expand the scope of the Ukrainian language while at the same time confine the Russian language.Despite the turmoil between the Western Ukrainian and Eastern Ukrainian elites, especially during the pre-election periods,Ukrainegradually “drifted” towards restricting the use of the Russian language and expanding Ukrainian in education and culture.The situation in the linguistic sphere inUkrainechanged dramatically after 2014, when representatives of nationalist forces came to power. It became a policy to revise the legislation governing on the use of languages of national minorities, to which the Russian language began to fall into. As a result, the possibilities for using the Russian language were confined, while enhancing the role of the Ukrainian language. This situation has already aggravated the relations betweenUkraineand neighboring countries, in which they negatively evaluatedUkraine’s policy in the language sphere. In addition, limited scope for the Russian language has ratcheted up tension within the country, provoking new inter-regional contradictions.

scholarly journals The phenomenon of syntagmatic motivation in prefix verb derivation in the Russian language

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Natalia Lyubeznova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Verbal Prefixes ◽  
Hierarchical Relations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language

The subject of this research is the syntagmatic motivational linkages in prefix verb derivation of the Russian language, observed in the aspect of synchronic dynamics. The author examines such aspects of the topic as syntagma (combination of two verbal-cogitative components connected by hierarchical relations of the principal and explanatory) and syntagmatic motivation (substantiated by syntactic models). Special attention is given to the fact that the motivated verb derivative structure can correlate with the motivating components in either syntagmatic sphere or paradigmatic sphere. The scientific novelty is associated with determination of peculiarities of syntagmatic motivation of derived verbs, role of the verbal prefixes in syntagmatic motivation, stages of “derivational history” and varieties of syntagmatic motivation of prefix verbs. The following conclusions were made: 1) full structural-semantic syntagmatic motivation – prefix verbs are motivated by syntactic microstructures, including non-prefix verb and prepositional-nominal constructs, in which preposition is materially and semantically analogous to prefix; 2) semi syntagmatic motivation – prefix verbs are motivated by syntactic microstructures, including non-prefix verb and adverb or combination of noun with preposition, consonant with prefix semantically, but not formally.

scholarly journals SIGNIFICANCE OF MORPHOPHONOLOGICAL ELEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF WORD FORMATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-70
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Functional Equivalence ◽  
Russian Word ◽  
As Stress ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

The article considers the role of morphophonological elements such as stress, alternation of phonemes in the choice of suffixes in the deminutative word formation, and the nature of the relationship between them. It is traditionally believed that Russian word formation is agglutinative, since the affix dominates, and the stress and alternation of phonemes are subordinate to it. The Russian language is fusional in the typological characteristics, as fusional characteristics that manifest themselves in alternation of phonemes, alternation of stress, declension, conjugation and derivation, define the typological features of the Russian language. Therefore, the article suggest that Russian word formation is also fusional. Fusion is expressed in the fact that the morphological characteristics of the deriving word predict the choice of suffixes, which are variants within the same paradigm of allomorphs of the word-forming affix. The research showed that stress, phoneme alternation and suffix are functionally equal, since suffix can also specify the stress and the alternant of the derived word. Consequently, the alternation of allomorphs of suffixes, as well as alternations in a word stem, including the rules for choosing allomorphs, is not an object of word-formation analysis, but relate to morphophonology. Thus, the hypothesis of functional equivalence of stress, phoneme alternation, and affix alternation is confirmed in the description of word formation of masculine diminutives with suffixes -ик, -ок (-ек), -ушек (-юшк, -ишек), -анёк (-енёк), as shown in the suffix allomorph selection table.

scholarly journals The role of interlinear in literary translation: syntactic aspect (on the example of the novel by E. P. Neimokhov)

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 192-202
Author(s):  
Anna-Saidyyna Vasil'evna Varlamova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Translation ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language

The language of fiction literature, language of the classics of national literature, prominent prose writers is the primary source for studying literary language. This article examines the role of interlinear in literary translation and the translation equivalents of complex sentences in the Yakut and Russian languages on the example of the novel “Alampa” by Egor Petrovich Neimokhov in two volumes. The subject of this research is complex sentences in the Yakut and Russian languages. Special attention is given to finding equivalents in translation of complex sentences in the Yakut and Russian languages on  the syntactic level language, as well as to determination of the role of interlinear in fiction literature. Yakut linguistics has started to study the stylistics of Yakut language, while the lexical, morphological, and syntactic stylistics is in its inception stage. The works of researchers dedicated to the syntax of Yakut language cover the questions of syntactic transformations using the example of attributive constructions (Vasilieva, 2002) and syntactic transformations of one-member sentences (Atakova, 2007). There are no special works dedicated to the analysis of complex sentences in fiction texts in the Yakut-Russian translation. This raises the need for studying the equivalents of complex sentences in interlinear translation, and its role in literary translation. The following conclusions were made: 1) the content of complex sentences in the Russian language usually correspond to the such in the Yakut language, although they differ significantly in structure; 2) in both languages, the semantic meanings of complex sentences are expressed through various means that reflect the peculiarities of non-cognate languages, however, separate equivalents are determined among such constructions; 3) in interlinear and literary translation, complex sentences of the Yakut text are preserved in the Russian language for the most part. Thus, interlinear translation plays the role of intermediary translation and directly affects the translation result.

scholarly journals Occasional word-formation as a dynamic aspect of the Russian language derivational system

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 445-452
Author(s):  
Tatyana Shchuklina
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Dynamic Aspect ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Modern Russian

The article is devoted to the study of unusual word-formation as a manifestation of the dynamic aspect of Russian word-formation. The subject of the research are active wordbuilding processes of the modern Russian language, structural-semantic and functionalpragmatic characteristics of occasional units. The research is based on theoretical contributions of W. von Humboldt where the language is considered not only as a product of human activity but as an activity itself, and ideas of E. A. Zemskaya of activity nature of the Russian wordformation as a subsystem of the general language system. Revealing of productive methods and techniques of occasional neologisms formation functioning in the Russian newspaper periodicals testifies that occasional word-formation is one of the most important operating mechanisms of the Russian language derivational system; the dynamics of word-formation processes in the language of mass media reflects general trends of the modern Russian literary language development, taking place within the framework of language democratization and liberalization.

scholarly journals Lingo-Didactic Potential Derivation Syntagmatics in Russian Language

2018 ◽  
pp. 166-169
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
New Words ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Categorical Models ◽  
The Subject ◽  
System Properties ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Formation System

The article deals with the specificity of syntagmatic relations in the word-formation system of the Russian language. The subject of the study is the typical derivational chains and their part-of-speech patterns as a methodologically relevant means of teaching the language. The aim of the work is to reveal and describe the linguodidactic potential of word-forming syntagmatics in the Russian language, reflected in simple and complex (typical) units of the word-formation system. It has been established that the typology of derivational chains reflects the hierarchy inherent in the units of the word-formation system. Typical chains are correlated with categorical models – the units of a higher level of abstraction, taking into account the partial status of derivatives. Different types of combinations on the basis of the similarity of structure and semantics are characteristic of these units. Their regularity and reproducibility in the Russian language demonstrates the degree of word-formative productivity of various parts of speech. The typical derivational chains allow the teacher to demonstrate the system properties of lexical units, which is important for the formation of linguistic competence. The comprehension of the laws of Russian word-formation makes it possible to reduce the number of words necessary to memorize and thus creates the prerequisites for the potential enrichment of vocabulary. The study of parts of speech within the framework of typical derivational chain, namely by the sequential introduction of cognate words into the active vocabulary of students, promotes the realization of the principle of continuity of learning – from word formation to morphology and syntax, which ultimately leads to the learning of new words.

Word-formation activation of Japanese borrowings in the modern Russian language

Neophilology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 429-438
Author(s):  
Elena V. Senko ◽  
Louise V. Tsakhilova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus ◽  
Modern Russian

Problematics of the work is connected with the study of the borrowing process, which, due to the process of globalization taking place at all Russian society’s levels of life, is highlighted as a factor of modern language development. As a subject of research, lexical units translated into the Russian language system from the Japanese language are considered. Research source are dic-tionaries of foreign words, neographic reference books, as well as explanatory dictionaries reflect-ing language changes. In addition, data were used from the Russian National Corpus and electronic media, which most actively provide the entry of a foreign language into the Russian language. The material is Japanese foreign-language lexemes representing different versions of the common language – the standard (literary language) and the substandard. The aim of the research is to show the functional changes in the system of the modern Russian language on the example of Japanese words that are included in the Russian lexical fund and which strengthen their derivative activity as an indicator of their creative abilities’ growth in the recipient language. It has been established that the word-formation activation of Japanese borrowings in the modern Russian language certainly reflects the processes of internationalization and globalization in speech culture and society, as well as the active combination of native and foreign combat elements characteristic of modern media production. It is noted that at present it is the sphere of Internet communication that protects the functioning of dictionary innovations and thereby activates the lexical dynamics of the Russian language, emphasizing the corresponding side of its Internetization.

scholarly journals Derivational Potential of Pronouns in German and Russian languages

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
A. V. Melgunova
Keyword(s):  
Popular Science ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Similar Elements ◽  
Formation System

The question of the use of pronouns as an element in the process of word formation of lexical units of the German and Russian languages is considered. The material was texts related to different genres: journalistic, popular science, scientific, artistic. The novelty of the research is seen in the comparison of the word-formation potential of pronouns in two languages, the word-formation system of which has some differences. The result of a comparative analysis of vocabulary related to different parts of speech is presented. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of using personal pronouns that are involved in nominal word formation. It is shown that lexical units with components — personal pronouns in the Russian language are less typical, however, they are used in texts of a certain subject and in some cases are tracing copies from the corresponding foreign words. Attention is paid to the emergence of neologisms and occasionalisms, the use of borrowings. The question is raised about the role of context in the interpretation of words with pronominal components. It is concluded that the derivational potential of pronouns is higher in German, but the lexical units of the Russian language can also be formed using similar elements. An increase in the number of words of this type in the Russian language is noted due to the translated terminology from the Germanic languages. 

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