scholarly journals Circumstances of Poland’s Independence in Women’s Accounts. Participants and Witnesses

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Jolanta Załęczny
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Female Perspective

Women have always played an important, though not always fully perceived and properly exposed, role in the history of our nation. They were active participants in many significant events, engaged in armed struggle and took part in political and social life. They supported soldiers and political activists. This has given them an important place in the public consciousness. It is hard to imagine discussing any event today without taking into account the participation of women and the female perspective on the event. This also applies to Poland’s regaining of independence in 1918. It is worth looking at these events through the prism of not only famous writers, but also other women (among others: Zofia Romanowicz, Countess Maria Lubomirska), who, by taking part or observing, recorded them as written accounts.

scholarly journals Correspondence of S.F. Platonov and M.M. Bogoslovsky

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-184
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Melnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Science In Russia ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is devoted to the source features of a unique documentary complex – the correspondence of two major Russian historians S.F. Platonov (1860–1933) and M.M. Bogoslovsky (1867–1929). The epistolary dialogue of scientists is of considerable interest not only in terms of studying their life and work. The confidential correspondence reflects significant events in the scientific and social life of Russia, Moscow, Petersburg-Petrograd-Leningrad. Correspondence is a valuable historical and historiographic source not only for understanding the development of historical science in Russia, the formation of Moscow and St. Petersburg historical schools, but also for studying the public consciousness of the Russian humanitarian intelligentsia at the end of the 19th — first third of the 20th centuries, in-depth knowledge of the culture of a turning point in the history of Russia. The letters contain valuable information about the everyday life and life of the professors, the organization of scientific life at the Academy of Sciences, the Archaeographic commission, at Moscow university and the Moscow theological academy, at the Moscow higher courses for women, at the Institute of history of the RANION, the Historical Museum, other higher educational institutions and scientific societies two capitals, they reflect the international ties of domestic historical science with scientists from Great Britain, Germany, France, USA, Czech Republic.

Brief aus der Schweiz

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-299
Author(s):  
Markus Wild
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Recent History ◽  
World War ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academic Philosophy ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The University

Abstract This letter focuses on both the recent history of academic philosophy in Switzerland and its present status. Historically, institutional self-consciousness of philosophy came to life during World War II as a reaction to the isolation of international academic life in Switzerland; moreover, the divide between philosophy in the French part and the German part of the country had to be bridged. One important instrument to achieve this end was the creation of the “Schweizerische Philosophische Gesellschaft” and its “Jahrbuch” (today: “Studia philosophica”) in 1940. At the same time the creation of the journal “Dialectica” (1947), the influence of Joseph Maria Bochensky at the University of Fribourg and Henri Lauener at the University of Berne prepared the ground for the flourishing of analytic philosophy in Switzerland. Today analytic philosophy has established a very successful academic enterprise in Switzerland without suppressing other philosophical traditions. Despite the fact that academic philosophy is somewhat present in the public, there is much more potential for actual philosophical research to enter into public consciousness. The outline sketched in this letter is, of course, a limited account of the recent history and present state of philosophy in Switzerland. There is only very little research on this topic.

The Brief History of the New-York Coffeehouse Company Limited

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Sára Czina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Company Limited ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

At the turn of the 20th century, Budapest was famous for its Coffeehouse Culture. One of the most popular Café was the New-York Coffeehouse; today, it is remembered for its literary life. After 20 years of operation, in 1913, new people bought the tenant’s rights and established the first Coffeehouse joint-stock company in Hungary, called New-York coffeehouse Company Limited. This paper aims to analyze the operation of the Company in relation to the stock transfers, analysis of its profitability, and the changes in the transformations in the shares. The main goal was to figure out how the profitability and the stock transfers were connected to the contemporary social and economic circumstances. The years of the World Wars, Revolutions, the Great Depression, and the cultural/social life of the twenties had their deep effects on the life of the Company. The changes were perceptible for the public, too. Many articles were published about the hardships of the Company and the changing atmosphere of the Coffeehouse. These were different; not all of them damaged the interest of the Company Limited equally. Still, the difficulties influenced the stock transfers, profitability, and the everyday life of the Managers and Shareholders. These circumstances are parallel to the changes of the Company.

scholarly journals December – 1986: Evaluation, Causes and Representation in Art

Al-Farabi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 154-167
Author(s):  
А. Aitenova ◽  
◽  
S. Kairatuly ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Economic

The authors of the article make an attempt to analyze the events that took place on December 17–18, 1986 in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, using the methodology of “cultural trauma”. The December events are defined as a multifaceted social and humanitarian problem. It is shown that the December events must be assessed comprehensively as a historical, social, humanitarian phenomenon. The reasons for the December events were determined by the dismissal of Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev, the crisis of communist political ideology, the political, economic voluntarism of totalitarian power, the narrowing of the scope of the Kazakh language, the ecological crisis of Soviet Kazakhstan, the emergence of the history of the third generation of the Soviet people. In general, the December events are viewed as an open form of healing the mental wounds of the Kazakh people inflicted by the administrative decisions of the Soviet red empire. Despite the fact that the December events as a social phenomenon are more than a quarter of a century old, the Decembrists and their activity do not leave the agenda in the public consciousness. The importance of using the December events as a universal tool in the formation of various forms of social practice is growing. The conceptualization of this point of view in the article is determined by the representation of the lessons of the December events in contemporary Kazakh art (sculpture, cinema, literature, theater). At the same time, the article also shows that the representation of the December events in art is the form and content of the “healing” of the trauma of the December events.

scholarly journals Saratov citizens’ attitude towards prostitution as a form of deviant behavior at the turn of XIX–XX centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Askar А. Akhmetov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social History ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Social Evil ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The article examines the attitude of various segments of the population of Saratov to prostitution at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. Despite the heterogeneity of the Russian society, the stereotype of prostitution as a shameful occupation and social evil, which had been established for centuries, was maintained in the public consciousness. Within the framework of the methodological concept of social history and the history of everyday life, the attitude of various categories of citizens and local authorities to this social deviation is considered. The article is based on archival materials that are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

scholarly journals Contours of Feminist Consciousness in the Musical and Theatrical Life of Vilnius: The Second Half of the Nineteenth Century and the Early Twentieth Century

Menotyra ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Bakutytė
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Male Roles ◽  
Female Self ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Professional Fields ◽  
The Right

Feminism is a broad concept, and its definition is a constant subject of debate. The article is limited to the treatment of feminism as one of the aspects in the development of female identity. The chronological boundaries of feminism discussed in this article cover the period from the second half of the nineteenth to the beginning of the twentieth century. This period is traditionally considered the first wave of feminism as an organized movement. Although primarily associated with the fight for the right of women to vote, this movement also extended to women’s other social and professional fields. Both in Lithuania and other countries, the growing modernisation of society gradually rendered the general attitude towards women’s creative work more liberal: the artistic expression of actresses and female musicians became freer. However, the shift in public consciousness and the transformation of values was not fast enough. Traditions of social life and the stereotypes of gender cohesion resulted in diverse public reflections on these changes for a long period of time: women were often subjected to one set of standards on the stage and another set of standards when off the stage. The theatrical and concert life of Vilnius, Lithuania’s major culture hub, witnessed more and more examples (both local and foreign) that reflected the change in female self-expression. On the theatre stage, actresses demonstrated unusually bold means of acting expression (admittedly, this phenomenon was partly due to the epochal changes in theatre art), dared to play male roles. The number of female soloists in concerts was growing: female singers and pianists had to compete with violinists. Although with caution (triggered by the position of the instrument while playing it), female cellists were admitted to the cultural space. It should be noted that the striving of a woman – an actress or a musician –to break or ignore the deep-rooted public stereotypes would often receive a controversial response from the public and the reviewers of cultural events.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN'S LITERATURE IN CHINA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Shukriya Nazirova Miadovna
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Women's Literature ◽  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Important Place ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women Literature ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
In The Beginning

This research is about the development of an important part of Chinese literature -women’s literature in XX century. In the beginning of XX century the number of women writers who wrote fiction works increased rapidly. The uneasy situations of the country such as revolutionary movements in the beginning of XX century, China-Japan war, monopole government of Mao Zedong, persecuting the democratic movements, deporting intelligent people to the “re-educating” camps and other conditions were not able to obstacle the women to enter the literature world. On the contrary, interfering of women in social-politic life of the country got stronger in the second part of the XX century. The various movements of women, journals and newspapers and societies of women were organized. The role of women in social life became more noticeable and women literature developed more. Women writers such as Bin Sin, Lin Shukhua, Lu In, Din Lin, Syao Khun, Shi Pinmey, Dzao Min, Lyui Bichen, Chjan Aylin got an important place in social-politic and moral-cultural life of the country with their works. Many of these women participated actively in literary processes and public events. In this article some of the mentioned women writers’ life and work will be discussed in detail. The women writers mentioned in this article are confessed not only in China, but also in the world’s literature. The problems risen in women’s works, the real events described by them play a significant role in gaining more knowledge about the history of China in the first half of XX century and enriching our imaginations regarding to literature processes. KEY WORDS: Literary ideology of Mao Zedong, women’s literature, Bin Sin, children literature, Diaries “Letters for little pupils”, Chzan Aylin.

scholarly journals Russian writers’ aphorisms as a reflection of Russian linguoculture and the basis for the formation of a harmoniously developed personality

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 05029
Author(s):  
Anzhelika Korolkova ◽  
Tatyana Novikova ◽  
Anastasia Razumnaya
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Basic Concepts

The article deals with aphoristics as a translator of the basic concepts of Russian linguoculture. The history of Russian aphorism reflects the history of the ethnic group, as well as all the changes in the public consciousness, while simultaneously fixing and preserving the same basic values. The researchers conducted a semantic analysis of the corpus of aphorisms recorded in the Dictionary of Aphorisms of Russian Writers.

scholarly journals THE RELIGIOUS FACTORS OF THE UKRAINIAN MENTALITY FORMATION

Skhid ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Irina LOMACHINSKA ◽  
Evgeniy DEINEGA ◽  
Oleksandr DONETS
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Memory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Religious Factors ◽  
Main Regulator

In the modern global world, a study on mentality as a main characteristic of the nation which defines the unity of the religious and cultural tradition of the society is conditioned with the need to develop an effective international religious and cultural cooperation. The purpose of the analysis is to determine religious factors in shaping the Ukrainian mentality taking into account its historical background and the challenges of modernity. The study methodology is based on the principles of the non-confessional approach and philosophical pluralism, involving a system of methods, namely: historical, dialectical, comparative methods, synthesis, and generalization. In the conclusions it is emphasized that mentality is one of the forms of the social experience accumulation, the set of historically accepted ideas, viewpoints, stereotypes, forms and behavior which are laid down is the public consciousness by means of education, culture, religion, a language through the years. Every mental formation has its imaginary lines of a friend and foe which were formed by ideologies, beliefs, and religious values. The religious factors in the formation of mentality reflect the role of the Church as the main regulator of the social life. In the social environment of the Ukrainian nation, a temple can be seen as a peculiar archetypical formation, the part of the landmark, symbolic, communicative, and informational religious system which regulates the public consciousness and it is an integral part of the national memory. The mental archetypes of the national identity stem from the phenomenon of the borderlands, and have shaped in the social context the desire for personal freedom, patriotism, social activity; in the spiritual dimension, it is a willing for the inner world to be protected, sacrifice, mercy, non-violence.

scholarly journals Marxist feminism as theoretical project, genesis andexperienceofimplementationintheXXcentury

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-129
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Baturenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Socialist Feminism ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Thought ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Theoretical Project

The emergence and development of Marxist feminism in Russia and in the world in general is considered in article on the basis of the analysis of primary sources. The problem of position of women attracted a keen interest of representatives of the most different sociological schools in Russia during its formation. The Marxist feminism was the separate significant direction in the Russian sociological thought. It developed as the special theoretical project and also it had bright experience of implementation. Among representatives of the Russian Marxist sociology names of V.I. Lenin, N.K. Krupskaya, A.M. Kollontay which made a big contribution to development of this direction are known. The feminism of the Marxist direction made breakthrough in the theory and implementation of the ideas. In a year of the two- hundredth anniversary since the birth of K. Marx numerous scientific conferences bring up the questions of social development which were occurring in Russia and caused considerable changes of social life again. The Marxist feminism was one of such significant events in the history of the country and in the history of domestic sociology. Now results and consequences of activity of supporters of the Russian Marxist feminism are reinterpreted. During the XX century their main ideas and achievements were exposed to criticism not only in the Russian, but also in foreign sociology. At the same time the author notes that the Marxist feminism develops and now on the basis of the general idea that the gender relations are parallel to class, interact with them and in a sense are their integral part. In modern sociology various directions within socialist feminism were created.

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