Historiographical facts and political practice in Russia in the XVIII – beginning of the XXI centuries

Статья посвящена истории связи между развитием исторической науки и политической практики в России. В контексте этого развития представлены, с одной стороны, эволюция исторических исследований и их координации и, с другой стороны, трансформация подхода институциональных структур государства к выбору управленческой стратегии в руководстве работой историков. В качестве примера для исследования обозначенной проблемы выбран период с начала XVIII до начала XXI века, потому что в его рамках была сформирована практика профессиональной деятельности в сфере историографии как процесса человеческой деятельности. Особое внимание в статье адресовано к роли идеологии в формировании различных моделей связи между работой историков и политических деятелей по конструированию образа прошлого, настоящего и будущего развития российской истории. The article reveals the connection between the historical science development and evolution of political practice in Russia.In that context shown are the course of the historical research and the coordination and control strategies implemented by the state, including institutional transformations.As a subject of current research was taken the period from the XVIII – beginning of the XXI centuries, when historiography became a profession and was institutionalized.Special attention is driven to the role of ideology in adopting different models of interaction between historians and political actors, while framing the image of the past, the present and the future of Russia.

Pendekatan Kualitatif dalam Ilmu Sejarah: Sebuah Telaah Konseptual

The popularity of the qualitative approach has recently increased. Especially in the social sciences (including the humanities), where this approach has its own place, although, the most important substance in science, namely the theory itself, is actually qualitative. This is further strengthened by the essence of a qualitative approach (in the social sciences of the humanities) which emphasizes the investigation of a social phenomenon and human problem. This article describes how a qualitative approach is used (particularly) in the science of history, as well as the various characteristics inherent in qualitative research which is so closely related to the science of history. This article was written using descriptive analytical method supported by literature study as the data mining process. From the results of the description, it is known that history as a family of humanities will inevitably (still) use a qualitative approach in its scientific description. This qualitative approach is in the form of a narrative-descriptive-analytical explanation of history, which makes history, apart from being a science, also a story. The task of history is to tell stories through narrative texts, so that a qualitative approach is embedded in the science of history.Keywords: Approach, Qualitative, Historical Science

COMMUNICATIVE RELATIONS ODESSA HISTORIAN S. I.-YA. BOROVOY WITH KYIV COLLEAGUES I. D. BOYKО AND I. O. GURZHII

The article is devoted to the representation of letters of well-known Kyiv historians I. O. Gurzhii and I. D. Boyko to the Odessa colleague S. I.-Ya. Borovоy. These letters for the period of the first half of the 1960’s are stored in the State Archives of Odessa region, in the fund of personal origin of Professor S. I.-Ya. Borovоy. The letters are a valuable source for studying the scientific biography and communication network of historians of the 1960s. Little-known archival documents were first published – correspondence with the Odessa historian of Kyiv colleagues who worked in various structures of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the 1940s and 1960s. These sources reflect their activities and connections with a colleague from Odesa. The purpose of this archeographic exploration is to update little-known archival sources, which significantly supplement the information about cooperation and personal contacts between Odessa and Kyiv historians, whose biographies and certain aspects of their scientific activity are revealed in the comments. The letters shed light on their scientific plans and creative laboratory of correspondents, views on social and cultural issues. The article examines the informative possibilities of letters from leading Kyiv historians of this period on the situation in historical science and the socio-cultural situation in the country as a whole. The epistles of these historians are of undeniable interest in the history of Soviet historiography, in particular, and the history of historical science. The provided materials reflect separate fragments of professional activity of two scientists and their personal and scientific communicative communications with some representatives of the Soviet scientific community. Epistles allow to reproduce some details of the history of Soviet historical science, certain episodes of the biography of a number of Soviet scientists of those years against the background of the events of the socio-cultural environment. The letters of scientists, despite the presence of powerful personal qualities, are characterized by high organization of the text, the ability to see the main things in events, extreme clarity in assessing the situation and expressing their opinions. The publication of the letters is accompanied by fairly complete comments on their content and introduces into scientific circulation a valuable historical source.

FEATURES OF THE ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT BY THE PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE OF CHUVASHIA IN 2000–2010

The purpose of the research conducted by the author is to clarify the distinctive features in the development of the prosecutor’s office of the Chuvash Republic in the first decade of the 2000s. This topic has an absolute novelty and is raised for the first time in Russian historical science. The author of the article is a member of the author’s group consisting of lecturers of I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, which conducted a comprehensive study of the history of the Prosecutor’s office of Chuvashia in 2021. The article contains interim results of the study reflecting the main facts and events of the history of the Republican Prosecutor’s Office in the period under review. A number of facts analyzed in the article, which were revealed by the author thanks to archival documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, have novelty as well. The main methods used in the study were the traditional methods for the Russian historical science problem – chronological and comparative-historical methods. The first of them made it possible to trace the consistent nature of historical events reflecting the development of the Prosecutor’s Office of Chuvashia in 2000–2010. Thanks to the second method, the facts of regional history were considered in comparison with the general processes that took place in the life of the Russian Federation during the period under review. In addition, the author applied a systematic approach, which was expressed in studying the activities of the state legal institution of the Prosecutor’s Office as an integral part of the country’s legal system. The result of the study was identifying the characteristic features in the development process of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Chuvash Republic in 2000–2010. These include strengthening state government institutions both in Chuvashia and in Russia as a whole. Against this background, there was a significant reorganization of the prosecutor’s office. Some changes occurred in determining the main priorities of activity. The evolution in the nature of activity is also significant. The prosecutor’s offices became noticeably more open to the public, this is manifested, among other things, in the use of modern information technology opportunities. Special attention was paid to the moral and ethical qualities of the prosecutor’s office staff. The research topic has a high degree of relevance, practical significance and the prospect of continuation in connection with preparing a monographic publication by the author’s group.

Educator, Archeologist, Local History Export, Museographer (65th anniversary of Alexander Vasilyevich Konstantinov)

The article deals with scientific and educational activity of Alexander Vasilyevich Konstantinov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, chairman of Transbaikal Branch of the Russian Geographical Society on the occasion of his 65th anniversary. The scientist’s contribution to the historical science of the region, especially to the study of its ancient history is presented and his role in the development of education, including the training of teachers in Transbaikal region is assessed in the paper.

Small events and transdisciplinarity

В современной исторической науке большую роль играет малая событийность, изучаемая с помощью вероятностных статистических методов. Применение количественных методов в историописании, распространенное с 1960-х гг., сочетается с воз-росшим интересом к малой однородной будничной событийности, образующей исторические тенденции, традиции и процессы. In modern historical science, a large role is played by small events, which are studied by using probabilistic statistical methods. The use of quantitative methods in historical writing, which has been widespread since the 60s of the twentieth century, is combined with an increased interest in small, homogeneous everyday events that form historical trends, traditions and processes.

Octobrists and nationalists in the III and IV State Duma

The State Duma of the third and fourth convocations were represented by a wide range of factions, among which were intermediate groups, namely nationalists and Octobrists, conservative-liberal and liberal-conservative, respectively. In historical science, it is generally accepted that the only allies of the Octobrists (in the full sense of the word) were the All-Russian National Union. The purpose of the article is to determine the specifics of the relationship between Octobrists and nationalists in the III State Duma and in the Duma of the fourth convocation. The study is based on an array of sources on the work of both state dooms, as well as on articles and monographs on this issue. Based on the analysis of these sources and special literature, the main areas of activity of the two factions, the places of their rapprochement, the reasons for the separation of nationalists from the right-wing forces were identified. The work of the III State Duma is connected with the fact that not a liberal majority was formed, but the right, but at the heart of it was not the extreme right, but the October-nationalist bloc, but its stability was very controversial. The novelty of the study is a systematic and multilateral study of all the specifics of relations between the Union of October 17 and the All-Russian National Union, which may call into question the full solidarity of these factions on all issues from the III State Duma to 1917.

Public Rendition of Authorship: Commemorative Ceremonies in Neo-Avant-Garde Projects by Zabludovsky-Zorica

Artistic intermedial and interdiscursive projects and performance art events on the artistic stage written by Željko Zorica and his imaginary co-initiator “paleoanthropologist, demonologist, card player and wine drinker, Hans Christian Zabludovsky, PhD” are based on commemorative practices established by historical science and culturology. They refer to mechanisms of history production, question creative processes and evaluate the elusive and complex relationship between collective memory, the political sphere, literature and history. Zorica-Zabludovsky’s books and artistic performances (the erection of memorial plaques in Paris, Zagreb and Oporovec) challenge the “social imaginary” as a fundamental reference of historiographical and critical work, demonstrating that theoretically and politically conscious art does not necessarily interfere with aesthetic experience. This paper analyses them as expression of the transgressive character of post-avant-garde artistic practices—as undertakings that reveal the basic relationship between art, literature, history and public space.

Scientific hypotheses of the origin of Radimichi

The article deals with the scientific hypotheses of the origin of the Radimichi tribal association, set out in the scientific literature. It is noted that, despite the fact that the problem of the genesis of the Radimichi has interested scientists for more than a decade, the generally accepted theory of the “Lyash” origin of the Radimichi causes a number of contradictions that will have to be considered in modern historical science. In the article, the author identifies the most important theories for further study of the origin of the Radimichi tribal association. In particular, the Upper Dniester theory of V. V. Sedov