scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BLOOD METABOLIC PROFILES AND MILK YIELD ASSOCIATED WITH PARITY AND STAGE OF LACTATION IN CROSSBRED DAIRY COWS IN BANGLADESH

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Naher ◽  
M. A. Samad ◽  
S. H. M. F. Siddiki ◽  
M. T. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus

Background: Cattle cross-breeding program has been launched throughout Bangladesh but this program has still focused mainly on biological rather than economic evaluation. Currently, 30000 dairy farms with mainly cross-bred cows are in operation throughout the country and this intensive dairy farming system with high milk yielding dairy cows is supposed to be associated with high incidence of sub-clinical nutritional and metabolic diseases. Objectives: The objective of this study was to detect the relationship between major blood metabolic profiles and milk yield associated with parity and stage of lactation in cross-bred dairy cows. Materials and Methods: Blood samples of 220 apparently healthy lactating cross-bred dairy cows (HF x L, n = 190; SH x L, n = 20 and JS x L, n = 10) of 10 dairy herds were collected for metabolic profile test (MPT) in Bangladesh during the period from July to November 2016. The major metabolic profiles which are associated with milk fever (calcium, phosphorus & magnesium) and ketosis (glucose) were considered in this study. These biochemical parameters were estimated to detect the influence of risk factors including herds, breeds, parities and lactation age of cross-bred lactating dairy cows by using the commercial kits in spectrophotometer method. Results: The evaluation of the biochemical constituents of 220 cross-bred lactating dairy cows revealed that 30% (n = 66) had hypocalcaemia and 20.45% (n = 45) had hypoglycemia. Significantly lower levels of average calcium (7.93 ± 0.36 mg/dl; p < 0.024) and glucose (43.44 ± 3.63 mg/dl; p < 0.0001) values were recorded in HF x L cross-bred dairy herd of BAUDF, Mymensingh in comparison to other investigated nine dairy herds. The highest milk yield was recorded at 7th parity (16 +- 0.91 liter / day) and 1st week of lactation (17.33 +- 1.09 liter / day) were associated with low mean calcium (8.09 +- 0.85 mg / dl; 6.68 +- 0.13 mg/dl) and glucose (36.45 +- 7.67 mg/dl; 32.31 +- 3.90 mg / dl) levels in comparison to the respective values of different parity and lactation weeks. Conclusions: A relationship between blood metabolic profiles and milk yield associated with herd, breed, parity and lactation stages was recorded in lactating crossbred dairy cows. The evaluation of blood metabolites at different stages of lactation cycle especially at transition period is required to detect the nutritional and metabolic health for optimum milk production and to achieve maximum reproductive potential of high yielding dairy cattle. The readily available milk samples could be used as a biological fluid to monitor the health and nutritional status of dairy cows by using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy method to prevent sub-clinical metabolic disorders. Therefore, well developed laboratories with necessary equipment, test kits and reagent should be provided to perform MPT in both the blood and milk samples for practical uses. Keywords: Compton metabolic profile test, Metabolic profile, Lactating cross-bred cows, Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Glucose, Parity, Lactation stages

Relationships between blood composition and fertility in dairy cows – a field study

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Rowlands ◽  
W. Little ◽  
B. A. Kitchenham
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
The Difference

SummaryThree hundred and fifty-one lactating dairy cows, which were between 40 and 100 d post-calving, were selected from cows sampled during metabolic profile testing of 21 herds. Blood samples were analysed for packed cell volume (PCV), blood glucose and haemoglobin, and serum urea-N, albumin, total protein, inorganic phosphate, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cu and Fe. After adjusting for herd and date of sampling and each cow's age, stage of lactation, milk yield and interval from calving to first service, concentrations of albumin and K (P < 0·01) and PCV (P < 0·05) were inversely related and concentrations of globulin (derived as the difference between total protein and albumin) directly related (P < 0·05) to the number of services required for conception. Conception rates to first service were inversely related to lactation number but not to milk yield on day of sampling.

scholarly journals Factors affecting raw milk quality of dairy cows under practical conditions

10.5219/1336 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 744-749
Author(s):  
Vladimí­r Tančin ◽  
Šimon Mikláš ◽  
Maroš Čobirka ◽  
Michal Uhrinčať ◽  
Lucia Mačuhová
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
In The Beginning

Under the practical conditions, it is important to evaluate the factors affecting milk performance. Data from test day yield and milk components should be useful for such evaluation. The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of season, udder health (by somatic cell counts SCC), parity, stage of lactation on milk production, milk components, and SCC under the practical conditions. Also, the frequency of incidence of high SCC during the season was observed. The experiment was realized on one dairy farm in dairy practice. The experiment lasted from December 2015 to October 2017. We examined 481 Holstein dairy cows (6910 milk samples). Milk samples were collected once per month – performed by recording test day. Only cows with 9 – 11 test days were evaluated. The effect of season, parity, stage of lactation, and SCC influenced most of the studied traits. The milk yield was highest at 2nd lactation. In the following lactations, the milk yields were decreasing. The SCC significantly increased with advanced parity. The elevated SCC was found in the beginning and in the final part of lactation. SCC as a factor significantly reduced milk yield, lactose content but increased fat and protein content. In conclusion, under practical conditions, the management should use the data from test days and analyze them for a better understanding of the performance efficiency at the farm level and for implementing more sophisticated decision making in farming.

An evaluation of the effect of concentrate proportion of the diet during previous and present lactations on animal performance of two breeds of lactating dairy cows

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
T.W.J. Keady ◽  
C.S. Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Studies undertaken to evaluate long responses to concentrate feeding, normally assess the direct effects (i.e. the effects during the period of increased feeding). However in addition to the direct responses to concentrate feeding during the experimental period, it has been recognised that additional nutrients fed during one stage of lactation may result in improvements in animal performance in later lactation or in the subsequent lactation. Keadyet al. (2002) reported that the milk yield response to concentrate proportion in the diet differed between Holstein (HF) and Norwegian (NC) dairy cattle with responses of 1.4 and 0.8 kg corrected milk/kg concentrate dry matter (DM) respectively. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of concentrate proportion in the diet in the previous lactation on animal performance in the subsequent lactation. The effect of concentrate proportion in the diet on animal performance of HF and NC dairy cattle was also evaluated.

scholarly journals Contents of Zn, Cu, Mn and Se in Milk in Relation to their Concentrations in Blood, Milk Yield and Stage of Lactation in Dairy Cattle

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pechová ◽  
L. Pavlata ◽  
R. Dvořák ◽  
E. Lokajová
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk

The objective of the study was to assess the effect of actual daily milk production and lactation stage on concentrations of Zn, Mn, Cu and Se in milk, and monitor correlations between milk and blood concentrations of these microelements. The study was performed in a herd of Holstein cattle with the average milk yield of 8,562 kg. Thirty-five dairy cows housed in one group were included in the study. Blood and milk samples were taken during two separate milk yield checks done 4 weeks apart. Actual milk production of monitored cows ranged from 19.6 to 62.6 l daily. For lactation stages we evaluated results of examinations performed from 7 to 188 days of lactation. Blood examinations showed that the cows included in our study had good supplementation with the microelements in question. Milk concentrations of individual microelements were as follows: 3855.2 ± 814.7 μg/l of Zn; 36.3 ± 14.4 μg/l of Cu; 20.1 ± 8.3 μg/l of Mn, and 28.6 ± 7.1 μg/l of Se. The effect of daily milk production on milk concentrations of the microelements was identified only for copper (r = -0.302, p ⪬ 0.05). The variable of days of lactation (not considering days of the colostrum period) showed a positive correlation in manganese (r = 0.419, p ⪬ 0.01); copper and selenium showed negative correlations (Cu: r = -0.258, p ⪬ 0.05; Se: r = -0.277, p ⪬ 0.05). The daily milk production influenced negatively only Cu concentration in milk, but Se, Zn and Mn was not influenced.With advancing lactation after colostrum period the concentration of Mn in milk raised, the concentration of Cu and Se declined and the concentration of Zn was unchanged.

Prediction of empty body weight and composition from live weight and other live animal measurements in lactating dairy cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. YAN ◽  
D. C. PATTERSON ◽  
C. S. MAYNE ◽  
R. E. AGNEW ◽  
M. G. PORTER
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYEmpty body (EB) composition data from 146 lactating Holstein–Friesian dairy cows were analysed, with cows selected from a large herd to represent a wide range of animal factors including parity, live weight (LW), body condition score (BCS), milk yield and stage of lactation. The objectives of the study were to examine possible relationships between EB composition and live animal characteristics and to develop prediction equations for EB weight (EBW) and EB composition. EBW was strongly related to LW with a R2 of 0·90, and addition of BCS and stage of lactation increased the R2 to 0·93 and reduced the s.e. value from 19·8 to 16·8. There was a strong relationship between LW and EB mass of crude protein (CP) or water (R2=0·89 or 0·85), and addition of BCS, milk yield and stage of lactation as supporting predictors gave little improvement in the relationship between LW and EB mass of CP or water. Similar results were also obtained for the prediction of EB ash mass, but the relationship between EB ash mass and LW or a combination of LW and parity was relatively poor (R2=0·59 or 0·63). However, including BCS and milk yield as supporting predictors in the linear relationship between LW and EB masses of lipid (0·51 v. 0·79) and dry matter (DM) (0·79 v. 0·91) and total gross energy (GE) content (0·66 v. 0·85) considerably increased the R2 values. Similar linear and multiple relationships were also developed to predict EB component proportions of lipid, CP, GE, DM and water, and the R2 values were much smaller than those for EB component masses. The equations for prediction of EB component masses were evaluated through internal validation, by developing a range of similar new equations from two-thirds of the present data and then validating these new equations with the remaining one-third of data. The validation indicated that addition of other live animal factors to support LW to predict EBW and EB masses of lipid, GE and DM considerably increased the prediction accuracy, but had little effect on the prediction accuracy for EB masses of CP, water and ash. It is concluded that in lactating dairy cows, LW is a very good predictor of EB masses of CP and water. Accurate prediction of EBW and EB masses of lipid, GE and DM can be obtained using LW together with BCS, milk yield and stage of lactation.

Effect of Herbal Galactogogue (Sanjivani biokseera) on Milk Yield and Milk Constituents in Lactating Kankrej Cattle at Organised Farm

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
H H Panchasara ◽  
A B Chaudhari ◽  
D A Patel ◽  
Y M Gami ◽  
M P Patel
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Distinct Effect ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Group I ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding herbal galactogogue preparation (Sanjivani biokseera) on the milk yield and milk constituents in lactating Kankrej cows. Thirty-two lactating Kankrej cows in their 1st to 6th lactation were taken for the experiment from 3 days after calving up to 52 days postpartum. All the animals were fed as per the standard seasonally available roughages and concentrates to meet their nutritional requirements. The cows were randomly divided into two uniform groups of 16 cows in each according to initial milk yield and milk composition. The animals in group-I were not given any supplement and served as control. The animals in group-II were given Sanjivani biokseera (Naturewell Industries) @ 60 g per day for 1-month, commencing 3 days after calving, in addition to the usual feeds/fodders. A clear difference was observed in milk yield from day 8 onward of experiment between groups with significant (plessthan0 0.05) higher values from day 16-52 in cows fed herbal galactogogue as compared to control, but no such distinct effect on milk constituents was observed on day 52 when analyzed. The use of herbal galactogogue significantly (p lessthan 0.05) increased the overall average of 52 days milk production, which was 9.34 ± 0.21 lit/day in supplemented as compared to 7.75 ± 0.26 lit/day in control animals. It was concluded that herbal galactogogue (Sanjivani biokseera) could increase milk yield in lactating dairy cows through its galactopoetic property and improved rumen environment.

scholarly journals Predicting Daily Dry Matter Intake Using Feed Intake of First Two Hours after Feeding in Mid and Late Lactation Dairy Cows with Fed Ration Three Times Per Day

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Shulin Liang ◽  
Chaoqun Wu ◽  
Wenchao Peng ◽  
Jian-Xin Liu ◽  
Hui-Zeng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Independent Dataset ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Proposed Model

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using the dry matter intake of first 2 h after feeding (DMI-2h), body weight (BW), and milk yield to estimate daily DMI in mid and late lactating dairy cows with fed ration three times per day. Our dataset included 2840 individual observations from 76 cows enrolled in two studies, of which 2259 observations served as development dataset (DDS) from 54 cows and 581 observations acted as the validation dataset (VDS) from 22 cows. The descriptive statistics of these variables were 26.0 ± 2.77 kg/day (mean ± standard deviation) of DMI, 14.9 ± 3.68 kg/day of DMI-2h, 35.0 ± 5.48 kg/day of milk yield, and 636 ± 82.6 kg/day of BW in DDS and 23.2 ± 4.72 kg/day of DMI, 12.6 ± 4.08 kg/day of DMI-2h, 30.4 ± 5.85 kg/day of milk yield, and 597 ± 63.7 kg/day of BW in VDS, respectively. A multiple regression analysis was conducted using the REG procedure of SAS to develop the forecasting models for DMI. The proposed prediction equation was: DMI (kg/day) = 8.499 + 0.2725 × DMI-2h (kg/day) + 0.2132 × Milk yield (kg/day) + 0.0095 × BW (kg/day) (R2 = 0.46, mean bias = 0 kg/day, RMSPE = 1.26 kg/day). Moreover, when compared with the prediction equation for DMI in Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle (2001) using the independent dataset (VDS), our proposed model shows higher R2 (0.22 vs. 0.07) and smaller mean bias (−0.10 vs. 1.52 kg/day) and RMSPE (1.77 vs. 2.34 kg/day). Overall, we constructed a feasible forecasting model with better precision and accuracy in predicting daily DMI of dairy cows in mid and late lactation when fed ration three times per day.

Effects of feeding peas to high-producing dairy cows

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Corbett ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
E. K. Okine
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Nutrient Analyses ◽  
Protein Milk

The effect of substituting peas for soybean and canola meals as a protein source in a high-producing dairy herd was studied in 66 Holstein cows, divided into two groups based on stage of lactation, parity, level of milk production and days in milk. Two 18.5% crude protein grain concentrate diets were formulated based on the nutrient analyses of the forages available. The control grain mix contained standard protein sources, principally soybean and canola meal (SBM\CM) while the test grain mix was formulated to contain approximately 25% field peas as the major source of protein. Both grain rations were formulated to the same nutrient specifications and balanced for undegradable protein. The duration of the trial was 6 mo during which grain feeding levels were adjusted monthly based on milk yield. For cows in early lactation, 4% fat-corrected milk yield was higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed pea based concentrates (31.3 kg d−1) than for cows fed SBM\CM supplement (29.7 kg d−1). Fat-corrected milk yield was not affected by source of protein in mid- and late-lactation cows. Fat-corrected milk production was not different (P > 0.05) for cows fed SBM\CM compared with cows fed the pea supplement when cows across all stages of lactation were included in the analyses. Milk fat percent was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for early- and mid-lactation cows fed the pea supplement. The results suggest that peas can be substituted for SBM\CM as a protein source for high-producing dairy cows. Key words: Dairy cow, pea, soybean and canola meal supplement, undegradable protein, milk production

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