A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL TRIAL ON EGG YOLK BASTI & VIDARIKANDADI GRANULES IN CHILDHOOD KARSHYA

In this modern era of changing lifestyles, people and children cannot follow the rules of Dincharya and Ritucharya. Children have insufficient nutrients due to irregular food habits, which are triggering factors that cause childhood Karshya, resulting in mental and physical conditions that will not adequately develop. Biological and mentally healthy children are vital parts of a well-developed Nation, and this can be done by supplying nutritional requirements. The research was conducted in Bal Rog OPD, SAC and Hospital Lucknow. In this clinical trial total of 50 patients were selected and divided into group A and group B, having 25 in each group. Group A was treated with Egg Yolk Basti, and group B was treated with Vidarikandadi Granules for three months. In group A, 14 (56%) patients were relieved, 7 (28.0%) patients were moderately improved, 3 (12.0%) patients were mildly improved, and one patient did not show any response. In group B, 13 (52%) patients were relieved, 8 (32.0%) patients were moderately improved, 3 (12.0%) patients were mildly improved, and one patient did not show any response. This study indicates that Egg Yolk Basti and Vidarikandadi Granules can be effective in childhood Karshya.

Glucose Isomerase: Functions, Structures, and Applications

Glucose isomerase (GI, also known as xylose isomerase) reversibly isomerizes D-glucose and D-xylose to D-fructose and D-xylulose, respectively. GI plays an important role in sugar metabolism, fulfilling nutritional requirements in bacteria. In addition, GI is an important industrial enzyme for the production of high-fructose corn syrup and bioethanol. This review introduces the functions, structure, and applications of GI, in addition to presenting updated information on the characteristics of newly discovered GIs and structural information regarding the metal-binding active site of GI and its interaction with the inhibitor xylitol. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in the characterization and engineering of GI, as well as its industrial applications, and will help to guide future research in this field.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan Guru MTS Al Washliyah 19 Percut Mengenai Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Gizi Berbasis Pangan Lokal

ABSTRAKPemenuhan kebutuhan gizi berbasis pangan lokal merupakan implementasi dari panduan Pedoman Gizi Seimbang (PGS). Pemberian pengetahuan berkaitan dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi pada guru dapat memberikan manfaat bagi lingkungan sekitar, terutama pada siswa di Sekolah. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan guru tentang pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi berbasis pangan lokal. Kegiatan pengabdian berupa pendidikan gizi dengan metode ceramah dan diskusi kepada 15 orang guru MTs Al Washliyah 19 Percut. Adapun rincian kegiatannya adalah pembukaan, pre-test, penyampaian materi dan tanya jawab, post-test serta penutupan. Data pre-posttest dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji beda paired t-test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan guru terkait pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi berbasis pangan lokal meningkat signifikan (p<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendidikan gizi efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi guru MTs Al Washliyah 19 mengenai pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi berbasis pangan lokal. Kata Kunci: Gizi seimbang, pangan lokal, pendidikan gizi ABSTRACTFulfillment of local food-based nutritional requirements is the implementation of the Guidelines for Balanced Nutrition (PGS). Efforts to increase teachers' knowledge about it can benefit their environment, especially for students. This community service activity aimed to increase MTs Al Washliyah 19 Percut teachers' knowledge about fulfilling local food-based nutritional requirements. The nutrition education for 15 teachers used the discussion method. The activities consist of opening, pre-test, material presentation and discussion, post-test, and closing session. The pre-posttest data were analyzed using the descriptive method and paired sample t-test. The results showed that teachers' knowledge regarding the fulfillment of local food-based nutritional requirements increased significantly (p<0.05). Nutrition education effectively increases the knowledge of MTs Al Washliyah 19 teachers regarding the fulfillment of local food-based nutritional requirements. Keywords: Balanced nutrition, local food, nutrition education

Compositional and Functional Considerations for Bovine-, Caprine- and Plant-Based Infant Formulas

Breastmilk is the optimal source of nutrition for infants. However, in circumstances where breastfeeding is not possible or feasible, infant formula provides an essential alternative to fulfil the nutritional requirements of the developing infant. Traditionally, the manufacture of infant formula has involved utilisation of bovine milk as a base ingredient, formulated with other nutrients and bioactive ingredients to closely match the composition of human breastmilk. While it is the most widely available type of formula on the market, bovine-based infant formula is not suitable for all infants, and therefore alternatives such as those based on caprine milk, soy and rice protein are becoming increasingly available. This review provides a detailed examination of the composition of infant formula prepared from bovine milk, caprine milk, soy, and rice protein sources. Available literature on nutrient bio-accessibility and aspects of protein functionality relevant to infant formula is discussed.

Identifying the essential nutritional requirements of the probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium animalis and Bifidobacterium longum through genome-scale modeling

Although bifidobacteria are widely used as probiotics, their metabolism and physiology remain to be explored in depth. In this work, strain-specific genome-scale metabolic models were developed for two industrially and clinically relevant bifidobacteria, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12® and B. longum subsp. longum BB-46, and subjected to iterative cycles of manual curation and experimental validation. A constraint-based modeling framework was used to probe the metabolic landscape of the strains and identify their essential nutritional requirements. Both strains showed an absolute requirement for pantethine as a precursor for coenzyme A biosynthesis. Menaquinone-4 was found to be essential only for BB-46 growth, whereas nicotinic acid was only required by BB-12®. The model-generated insights were used to formulate a chemically defined medium that supports the growth of both strains to the same extent as a complex culture medium. Carbohydrate utilization profiles predicted by the models were experimentally validated. Furthermore, model predictions were quantitatively validated in the newly formulated medium in lab-scale batch fermentations. The models and the formulated medium represent valuable tools to further explore the metabolism and physiology of the two species, investigate the mechanisms underlying their health-promoting effects and guide the optimization of their industrial production processes.

Three Lipid Emulsions Reduce Staphylococcus aureus-Stimulated Phagocytosis in Mouse RAW264.7 Cells

Soybean oil (SO)-, SO medium-chain triglyceride (MCT)-, olive oil (OO)-, and fish oil (FO)-based lipid emulsions are generally applied in clinical practice via intravenous injection for patients with nutritional requirements. The function of lipid emulsions on immune modulation remains inconsistent, and their effects on macrophages are limited. In the present study, we used a model of S. aureus-infected mouse RAW264.7 macrophages to determine the influence of three different compositions of lipid emulsions (Lipofundin, ClinOleic, and Omegaven) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, phagocytosis, and bacterial survival. The three individual lipid emulsions similarly enhanced bacterial survival but reduced S. aureus-stimulated ROS, phagocytosis of S. aureus bioparticles conjugate, polymerization of F-actin, and phosphorylation of AKT, JNK, and ERK. Compared with the JNK and ERK inhibitors, the PI3K inhibitor markedly suppressed the phagocytosis of S. aureus bioparticles conjugate and the polymerization of F-actin, whereas it significantly increased the bacterial survival. These results suggest that the three lipid emulsions diminished ROS production and phagocytosis, resulting in increased bacterial survival. PI3K predominantly mediated the inhibitory effects of the lipid emulsions on the phagocytosis of mouse RAW264.7 macrophages.