Effect of Compatibilizers on Composite Materials of Bio-Ethanol Byproduct-Poly(lacticacid)

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 4088-4092
Author(s):  
Ming Ming Zhang ◽  
Xiao Huan Liu ◽  
Chun Peng Wang ◽  
Li Wei Jin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Process Effects ◽  
Properties Of Composites

The blend composite materials of bio-ethanol byproduct-Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were produced by a twin-screw extrusion process. Effects of bio-ethanol byproduct (BEB) contents and different compatibilizers on properties of composite materials were investigated. The research showed that with the increase of contents of bio-ethanol byproduct, the mechanical properties decreased. The mechanical properties of composites were improved by adding the compatibilizers, especially the polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-MAH). When the PP-MAH content was 2.5%, the mechanical properties of the composite materials were superior to others.

Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Polylactic Acid/Gelatinized Cornstarch Foams

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Peng Ping Xie ◽  
Ming Jun Niu ◽  
Kai Guo ◽  
Jin Zhou Chen ◽  
Xin Fa Li
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Nucleation Agent ◽  
Blowing Agent ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Foam Properties ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Biodegradable foams derived from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and gelatinized cornstarch (GS) were prepared by twin-screw extrusion using Azodicarbonamide(AC) as blowing agent and talc as nucleation agent. Foams with a relatively fine and uniform cell morphology and better foam properties were obtained under optimized conditions of PLA/GS ratio at 3:1, 1.5% AC content, and MAH and glycerol blend system.

Ethanol Extraction of Flavonoids from Mungbean Skin after Twin-Screw Extrusion Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 1203-1211
Author(s):  
Bing Du ◽  
Yan Li Jiao ◽  
Zhi Qiang Huang ◽  
Lian Kai Mao ◽  
Yuan Yuan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Ethanol Extraction ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Process Effects ◽  
Feed Moisture

In order to increase the extraction rate of flavonoids from mungbean skin, twin-screw extrusion process was used as a pretreatment method. After optimizing conditions of twin-screw extrusion process, effects on ethanol extracting flavonoids were studied. Results revealed that the best extrusion conditions were: screw speed at 268r/min, extrusion temperature at 115~120°C, feed moisture at 17% and feeding rate at 726g/min. Under these conditions, the optimum condition for ethanol extraction of flavonoids was: using 38% ethanol solution at a material-liquid ratio of 1:20 at 77.5 °C with 2.5 h. The average extraction rate of flavonoids from mungbean skin was 3.14%, comparing to rate of un-extruded material 2.07%, extraction rate raised by 51.5%. This pretreatment can destroy the density structure of mungbean skin which has great effect on the increase of extraction rate of flavonoids.

scholarly journals Plasticized Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid) Based Composites Containing Cellulose in Micro- and Nanosize

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Halász ◽  
Levente Csóka
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Poly Ethylene

The aim of this work was to study the characteristics of thermal processed poly(lactic acid) composites. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG400), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and ultrasound-treated microcrystalline cellulose (USMCC) were used in 1, 3, and 5 weight percents to modify the attributes of PLA matrix. The composite films were produced by twin screw extrusion followed by film extrusion. The manufactured PLA-based films were characterized by tensile testing, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and degradation test.

scholarly journals Effect of Lignin Plasticization on Physico-Mechanical Properties of Lignin/Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan-Woo Park ◽  
Won-Jae Youe ◽  
Seok-Ju Kim ◽  
Song-Yi Han ◽  
Ji-Soo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Polymeric Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate

Kraft lignin (KL) or plasticized KL (PKL)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites, containing different lignin contents and with and without the coupling agent, were prepared in this study using twin-screw extrusion at 180 °C. Furthermore, ε-caprolactone and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) were used as a plasticizer of KL and a coupling agent to improve interfacial adhesion, respectively. It was found that lignin plasticization improved lignin dispersibility in the PLA matrix and increased the melt flow index due to decrease in melt viscosity. The tensile strength of KL or PKL/PLA composites was found to decrease as the content of KL and PKL increased in the absence of pMDI, and increased due to pMDI addition. The existence of KL and PKL in the composites decreased the thermal degradation rate against the temperature and increased char residue. Furthermore, the diffusion coefficient of water in the composites was also found to decrease due to KL or PKL addition.

Influence of twin-screw extrusion conditions on the dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in a poly(lactic acid) matrix

Polymer ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (16) ◽  
pp. 3500-3509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Villmow ◽  
Petra Pötschke ◽  
Sven Pegel ◽  
Liane Häussler ◽  
Bernd Kretzschmar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Morphology-Crystallinity Relationship in PLA-PHBV Blends Prepared via Extrusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 1707-1714
Author(s):  
Alain Guinault ◽  
Gaelle Dutarte ◽  
Majdi Boufarguine ◽  
Guillaume Miquelard-Garnier ◽  
Cyrille Sollogoub
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Gas Barrier ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable thermoplastic polyester derived from renewable resources which may replace conventional polymers for some applications. To overcome some of its limitations such as poor gas barrier properties and low elongation at break, one method is to blend PLA with small amounts of other bio-based polymers. In this study, two processes, eg classical twin screw extrusion and a multilayer co-extrusion process have been used to combine PLA and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-valerate) PHBV to obtain films with different blend morphologies. The effect of the morphology on the crystallinity has been studied and has hightlightned new behavior of PHBV. The addition of a nucleating agent in the PHBV to modify its crystallinity, has also been studied.

scholarly journals Properties of Mosquito Repellent-Plasticized Poly(lactic acid) Strands

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5890
Author(s):  
António B. Mapossa ◽  
Jorge López-Beceiro ◽  
Ana María Díaz-Díaz ◽  
Ramón Artiaga ◽  
Dennis S. Moyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Dsc Studies ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Release Data

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an attractive candidate for replacing petrochemical polymers because it is fully biodegradable. This study investigated the potential of PLA as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative material that can be developed into commercially viable wearable mosquito repellent devices with desirable characteristics. PLA strands containing DEET and IR3535 were prepared by twin screw extrusion compounding and simultaneously functioned as plasticizers for the polymer. The plasticizing effect was investigated by thermal and rheological studies. DSC studies showed that the addition of DEET and IR3535 into PLA strands reduced the glass transition temperature consistent with predictions of the Fox equation, thus proving their efficiency as plasticizers. The rheology of molten samples of neat PLA and PLA/repellents blends, evaluated at 200 °C, was consistent with shear-thinning pseudoplastic behaviour. Raman studies revealed a nonlinear concentration gradient for DEET in the PLA strand, indicating non-Fickian Type II transport controlling the desorption process. Release data obtained at 50 °C showed initial rapid release followed by a slower, near constant rate at longer times. The release rate data were fitted to a novel modification of the Peppas-Sahlin desorption model.

scholarly journals Cross Effect of Natural Rubber and Annealing on the Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Hajba ◽  
Tamás Tábi
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Internal Mixer

In our work, the effect of Natural Rubber was investigated on the properties of Poly(Lactic Acid). We produced blends containing 0-20 wt% Natural Rubber with different manufacturing technologies (internal mixer and twin screw extrusion) and injection molded specimens from the blends. In addition to the effect of Natural Rubber on PLA, we also examined the effect of D-Lactide content and also the combined effect of Natural Rubber and the crystalline structure developed during heat treatment (annealing) of PLA. A positive synergistic effect was found between the presence of Natural Rubber and the developed crystal structure regarding impact strength and thus high toughness blends could be produced. Finally, it was found that this synergistic effect is even more stronger due to the smaller and better dispersed Natural Rubber particles.

Mechanical and Thermal Behaviors of the Acrylic Based Core-Shell Rubber Modified Poly(Lactic Acid)

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 340-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawadon Petchwattana ◽  
Sirijutaratana Covavisaruch ◽  
Nukul Euapanthasate
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
The Impact

Toughening of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biopolymer by particles of acrylic based core-shell rubber (CSR) was conducted to observe the influences of the rubber contents on the properties of the modified PLA. A series of PLA specimens modified with the CSR by 0.1-10 wt% was prepared by twin screw extrusion and injection. Diminishing brittleness was reflected in the dramatic increment of both the impact strength by threefolds and the elongation at break by fifteenfolds when CSR was employed by 10 wt%. The toughening was also accompanied with a decrease in the tensile modulus and strength. At low loading, the added CSR by 0.5wt% also assisted crystallization of the PLA by slightly lowering the crystallization temperature, allowing decreased processing time and improving the degree of crystallinity of the generally difficult to crystallize PLA.

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