scholarly journals Foraging Behavior of Apis mellifera Linn. Visiting Some Plant Flowers in Aljabal Alakhder Region –Libya

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Salma Y. Essa ◽  
Ali A. Bataw
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Nectar Secretion ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Nectar Volume ◽  
Flower Plant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Number Of Visits

The study aimed to investigate the effects of nectar secretion and climate conditions on the number of honeybee workers foraging on flowers of three different plant species. Nectar samples were taken at different hours of the day. Handling and traveling time of each bee per flower were recorded. The results showed a significant difference during daylight hours on nectar volume (P>0.05). The highest amount of nectar was recorded at 10 am on a Prunus domestica flower plant (0.5± 0.2) and the lowest on a Pyrus communis flower plant at 8:00 am with (0.0132 ± 0.008). Also, the highest recorded handling time was on a Malus domestica flower plant at 10 am with (6.1± 1.7 Sec). And while there was an absence of mean handling time at 4:00 pm on the P. communis flower plant, The results showed that the highest traveling time recorded was on a M. domestica flower plant at 12 am with (2.2 ± 0.1 Sec) compared with the P. communis flower plant that recorded the lowest traveling time at 4:00 pm with (0.1± 0.1 Sec). Furthermore, the results revealed that the preference of Apis mellifera was the M. domestica flower plant. The findings showed a significance (P>0.05) between the effects of climate conditions on the number of bees during visits, while also revealing that there was a relationship between high temperatures and an increase in the number of visiting bees. Meanwhile, the number of visits decreased during the hours of observation with lower humidity.

Nectar secretion pattern and removal effects in three species of Solanaceae

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1394-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Galetto ◽  
Luis Bernardello
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Production ◽  
Nectar Secretion ◽  
Nicotiana Glauca ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Nectar Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flower Age ◽  
Nicotiana Longiflora ◽  
Nectar Sugar

Nectar secretion pattern and effects of nectar removal were compared in three Argentinean Solanaceae: Nicotiana glauca, which is hummingbird pollinated, and Nicotiana longiflora and Petunia axillaris, which are sphinx moth pollinated. Nectar volume, concentration, and sugar production were measured at different time intervals according to the species' flower life span. Nectar volume and total sugar production increased as a function of flower age in both species of Nicotiana analyzed; however, these parameters were quite stable in P. axillaris. This species produced less nectar and nectar sugar than the other two. When all sets with nectar removal were compared with the controls, significant differences were found in nectar volume and quantity of nectar sugar in N. longiflora, and in sugar concentration in P. axillaris. In the latter, the observed difference did not affect the total amount of sugar secreted. Nicotiana glauca did not show any significant difference in the parameters analyzed. Total nectar production was inhibited by periodic removal in N. longiflora, while in N. glauca and P. axillaris it was unaffected. Key words: nectar secretion pattern, nectar removal, Nicotiana, Petunia, Solanaceae.

Survey of feral honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies for Nosema apis in Western Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Manning ◽  
Kate Lancaster ◽  
April Rutkay ◽  
Linda Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Nosema Apis ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Feral Populations ◽  
Significant Difference

The parasite, Nosema apis, was found to be widespread among feral populations of honey bees (Apis mellifera) in the south-west of Western Australia. The location, month of collection and whether the feral colony was enclosed in an object or exposed to the environment, all affected the presence and severity of infection. There was no significant difference in the probability of infection between managed and feral bees. However, when infected by N. apis, managed bees appeared to have a greater severity of the infection.

scholarly journals Thermoregulation in colonies of africanized and hybrids with Caucasian, Italian and Carniolan Apis mellifera honey bees

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de Toledo ◽  
Regina Helena Nogueira-Couto
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Internal Temperature ◽  
Africanized Honey Bees ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Brood Nest

This experiment was carried out to study the internal temperature regulation of a colony of Africanized honey bees (AFR), compared with hybrid Caucasian (CAU), Italian (ITA), and Carniolan (CAR) bees, during the period of one year and different size hives located in a sub-tropical region. The instant internal temperature, 33.7 ± 1.5° C for the AFR, 33.5 ± 1.4° C for the CAU, 33.7 ± 1.5° C for the ITA and 33.8 ± 1.4° C for the CAR, did not show any significant difference (P>0.05). The maximum temperature (36.1 ± 2.3° C) was statistically different (P<0.05) from the minimum (27.6 ± 5.3° C). There was no difference (P>0.05) in the mean internal temperature, between the nucleus (31.7 ± 6.3° C) and the brood nest (32.1 ± 5.3° C) measured between two and four o'clock in the afternoon.

Abstract P546: Sleep Quality in Medical Students A Cross-sectional Study

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian S Costa ◽  
Marina C Marins ◽  
Jocasta C Ansel ◽  
Carolina P Tavares ◽  
Fernanda T Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Hours

Introduction: Medical students, susceptible to sleep disorders, have irregular sleep-awake cycle, with repercussions on the quality of life and reduced academic performance, often with greater incidence of psychiatric disorders, estimated at 15% to 25% during your academic training. Objective: To evaluate the sleep habits in students of medical school in a private college of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Method: This subset study is a part of an observational study with cross-sectional delineation, with data collected through the application of an anonymous questionnaire, where they were asked about the number (and modification) of hours they sleep daily, in addition to reports of “stress and anxiety”. These data collected formed the basis of an instrument for assessing the quality of life on the medical students of this College. Results: We analyzed data from 481 students: 82 (17%) at the first year, 118 (24.5%) at the second year, 99 (20.6%) at the third, 64 (13.3%) and 118 (24.5%) within the fifth and sixth years. The average age was 21.7 years (16-42) and 306 (63.6%) of female gender. As for the hours of sleep, 445 students (92.5%) report 5 to 8 hours of sleep, and 216 (44.9%) a minimum of 6 hours. In the sleep of the weekends, 394 (81.9%) reported change in the number of hours and, 313 (65.1%) referred to a reduction after the entrance into college. It was reported "some level of stress and anxiety,“ not related to the least number of hours sleepping (0.07). Comparing the data obtained among the 199 students of the first and second years (62.8% female-group A) to 117 at fifth and sixth years (70.9% female-group B), we observed similarity in relation to (1) number of 5 to 8 hours sleepping (A 92.9% x 90.5% B), (2) change the hours of sleepping on the weekends (A 81.9% x 79.5% B), and (3) reduction of sleepping hours after the entrance into College (A 81.9% x 78.6% B). With regard to the report of "stress and anxiety”, we observed statistically significant difference between the groups (A 100% x 88% B, p < 0.03). Conclusion: The change in lifestyle imposed on joining a new school learning model, generates anxiety and loss of sleep hours among students. The development of resilience and adaptation to change, both individual and institutional, may have been responsible to varying degrees of stress.

scholarly journals Investigation of climate change and history of lead deposition using soil archives

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 341-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pampura ◽  
V. Demkin ◽  
A. Probst
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Lead ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Profile Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Burial Mounds

AbstractOur study focused on the investigation of climate change and the fate of lead in soils from the Low Volga region of Russia over 3500 years. We used a comparative analysis of the modern soils and palaeosols preserved under burial mounds, which date back to the Middle Ages and the Early Iron and Bronze Ages. A climate reconstruction showed periodic changes, with the most humid climate conditions occurring during Golden Horde period. However, we could not find any consistent changes in Pb concentration and profile distribution following the climate change. We observed a clear difference in Pb isotopic ratios between the lower and upper horizons both for the modern and buried profiles, reflecting the influence of atmospheric lead depositions. However, there is no statistically significant difference in Pb isotopic ratios between the upper horizons of buried and modern soils (except modern soils collected in the vicinity of a motorway). This means that either anthropogenic input due to long range air transport was insignificant, or that airborne anthropogenic lead and natural airborne lead have similar isotopic composition.

scholarly journals Association of Hantavirus Infections and Leptospirosis With the Occurrence of Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka: A Prospective Study With Patients and Healthy Persons

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Sunil-Chandra ◽  
J. A. A. S. Jayaweera ◽  
W. Kumbukgolla ◽  
M. V. M. L. Jayasundara
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Hantavirus Infection ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Chronic Kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) has become a significant disease burden, affecting farming community of Sri Lanka and the exact etiology, which could be multifactorial, is not hitherto established. This study is aimed to determine the association of past hantavirus infection and leptospirosis with the occurrence of CKDu. A cohort (n = 179) of known CKDu patients living in high-CKDu prevalent areas of Anuradhapura district of Sri Lanka was compared with a group of 49 healthy, sex-matched younger blood relatives of CKDu patients (control-1) and another 48 healthy, age, and sex-matched individuals living in low-CKDu prevalent area (control-2) of the same district where same life style and climate conditions prevail. Fifty out of 179 (27.9%) CKDu patients, 16/49 (32.7%) of control-1 and 7/48 (14.6%) of control-2 were found positive for IgG antibodies to Puumala, Hantaan or both strains of hantaviruses. Hantaan strain specificity was found to be predominant in all study groups. Hantavirus IgG sero-prevalence of healthy individuals living in low-CKDu prevalent area was significantly lower compared to CKDu patients and healthy younger blood relatives living in high-CKDu prevalent areas (p = 0.03). Past hantavirus infection possesses a significant risk for the occurrence of CKDu (OR = 4.5; 95% CI-3.1-5.4, p = 0.02). In contrast, IgG seroprevalence to hantaviruses was not significantly different in CKDu patients and healthy younger blood relatives living in high-CKDu prevalent areas indicating past hantavirus infection has no association with the occurrence of CKDu or possibly, younger relatives may develop CKDu in subsequent years. Seroprevalence to leptospirosis showed no significant difference between CKDu patients and healthy controls.

Growth of Apis mellifera (L.) colonies influenced by honey extraction frequencies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Chaudhary ◽  
O.P. Chaudhary ◽  
Vadde Anoosha
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
High Pollen ◽  
Single Extraction ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Significant Difference

Present re search was formulated to find out how honey extraction frequencies influence colony growth and honey production of European honey bee Apis mellifera colonies. Colonies were equalized in terms of food and brood before starting experiment and were subjected to three types of honey extraction frequencies namely single, two and regular/ farmer’s practices. Observations were recorded fortnightly throughout the honey flow season for two consecutive years (2014-16). As per present findings single extraction frequency have maximum mean honey area of 668.4 inches2 followed by twice extracted colonies (568.6) with significant difference and regular extraction (449.0) gives least honey. Honey peaks were observed during mid February (837.8-916.8 inches2) which remains significantly higher than honey areas in January and in March. As far as colony growth was concerned colonies with two extractions have high total brood areas of 436.4 inches2 and similar trend was followed in case of larvae, pupae and egg. Effect on pollen stores gave a different picture in contrast of other parameters here colonies with regular extraction were observed with significantly high pollen stores (99.3 inches2) than single extracted colonies (83.7 inches2). For high honey production single extraction was recommended and if colony multiplication was also an aim than twice extraction is best option as per findings.

scholarly journals Psychopharmacotherapy and Remission of Patients with Schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
D. Degmecic ◽  
I. Pozgain ◽  
P. Filakovic ◽  
K. Dodig-Curkovic
Keyword(s):  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Sociodemographic Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Remission Criteria ◽  
University Department ◽  
Number Of Visits ◽  
The University ◽  
Typical Antipsychotics

Aim of our study was to determine which antipsychotic are used in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, as well as to assess are there differences between patients treated with typical and atypical antipsychotics and how many of them are in remission according to the defined remission criteria.All outtreated patients with schizophrenia treated at the University Department of Psychiatry Osijek in the period of three months were assessed. the patients were divided in two groups, one group of patients treated with typical antipsychotics, and the other group treated with atipycal antipsychotics. All of them were assessed with specially designed questionnaire about sociodemographic data, than with 8 item of PANSS (remission criteria), and with Clinical Global Impression scale. the authors analysed 193 patients with schizophrenia, 65 (33.7%) of them were treated with typical antipsychotics, and 128 (66.3%) patients were treated with atypical antipsychotics. Our results suggest that there is statisticaly significant difference in the duration of psychiatric treatment between those two groups of patients as well as statistically significant difference in the number of visits to the psychiatrist in the last two years. Only item from the PANSS remision criteria in which we observed statistically significant difference between two groups of patients was G 9 (Unusal thought content). in our group of patients 98 of them (50.8%) were in remission according to the PANSS remission criteria.Conclusion:The introduction of standardized remission criteria may offer significant opportunities for clinical practice, health services research and clinical trials.

Optimal white spruce breeding zones for Ontario under current and future climates

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1576-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley M. Thomson ◽  
Kevin A. Crowe ◽  
William H. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Decision Support Model ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Seed Transfer ◽  
Significant Difference

Optimal breeding zones were developed for white spruce ( Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in Ontario under present and future climate conditions to examine potential shifts due to climate change. These zones were developed by (i) determining a set of candidate breeding zones based on the relationship between measured performance variables and climate and (ii) employing a decision support model to select subsets of breeding zones that maximize geographic coverage subject to a constraint on the maximum number of zones. Current optimal breeding zones were based on 1961–1990 climate normals, and future breeding zones were based on three general circulation model (CGCM2, HADCM3, and CSIRO) predictions of 2041–2070 climate. Based on a maximum adaptive distance of 2.0 least significant difference values between sites within zones, 14 zones were required to cover the Ontario range of white spruce for the 1961–1990 data. Compared with breeding zones of other boreal conifers, current optimal breeding zones for white spruce were quite large, spanning up to 3° latitude and 10°–12° longitude and indicating large distances of effective seed transfer. Of the three general circulation models used to simulate future climate, HADCM3 B2 and CGCM2 B2 predicted 2041–2070 breeding zones that largely coincide with 1961–1990 zones. In contrast, CSIRO B2 indicated much narrower 2041–2070 breeding zones.

Measurement of heat stress conditions at cow level and comparison to climate conditions at stationary locations inside a dairy barn

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K Schüller ◽  
Wolfgang Heuwieser
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Humidity Index

The objectives of this study were to examine heat stress conditions at cow level and to investigate the relationship to the climate conditions at 5 different stationary locations inside a dairy barn. In addition, we compared the climate conditions at cow level between primiparous and multiparous cows for a period of 1 week after regrouping. The temperature-humidity index (THI) differed significantly between all stationary loggers. The lowest THI was measured at the window logger in the experimental stall and the highest THI was measured at the central logger in the experimental stall. The THI at the mobile cow loggers was 2·33 THI points higher than at the stationary loggers. Furthermore, the mean daily THI was higher at the mobile cow loggers than at the stationary loggers on all experimental days. The THI in the experimental pen was 0·44 THI points lower when the experimental cow group was located inside the milking parlour. The THI measured at the mobile cow loggers was 1·63 THI points higher when the experimental cow group was located inside the milking parlour. However, there was no significant difference for all climate variables between primiparous and multiparous cows. These results indicate, there is a wide range of climate conditions inside a dairy barn and especially areas with a great distance to a fresh air supply have an increased risk for the occurrence of heat stress conditions. Furthermore, the heat stress conditions are even higher at cow level and cows not only influence their climatic environment, but also generate microclimates within different locations inside the barn. Therefore climate conditions should be obtained at cow level to evaluate the heat stress conditions that dairy cows are actually exposed to.

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