Esquizencefalia bilateral gigante de labio abierto

Schizencephaly is a rare congenital brain malformation characterized by clefts in the cerebral cortex, it is classified in Type I (open lip) and Type II (close-lip). Patients with schizencephaly present seizures, hydrocephalus, motor and mental deficits. Ultrasound is used for in-utero and newborns patients’ diagnosis, and MRI or CT for already born patients. The management of schizencephaly is conservative, with rehabilitation in motor or mental deficits, medication or surgery for seizures and shunt in hydrocephalus with increased intracranial pressure. In the literature, only few giant bilateral cases have been reported. We report a case of giant bilateral open lip schizencephaly, in a 10-day old male patient, presenting with mild hypotonia and no seizures. This case is rare because the relatively benign features compared to other reported cases.

Pericallosal lipoma in an infant with fetal alcohol syndrome: a case report

In this article we report a case of pericallosal lipoma in a newborn with fetal alcohol syndrome, brain malformation (agenesis of the corpus callosum), and intrauterine infection (meningitis) diagnosed in a perinatal center.

Unusual Course of Pulmonary and Brain Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Report

Introduction: Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are rare chronic congenital diseases whose nature are not yet fully understood. Two different types of these disorders are pulmonary and brain malformations, which are seen sporadically or in combination with other syndromes. Symptoms of these diseases appear at different ages and present differently in patients, but in general, the combination of these two disorders is rarely seen. There are several treatments based on the type of lesion and symptoms and other accompanying conditions, one of which is interventional procedure. Case Presentation: In this article, a rare case of pulmonary and brain malformation has been reported, which has progressed even after treatment and has been closed interventionally. Conclusions: Patients with pulmonary AVMs need careful examination for other congenital disorders. Furthermore, due to the unknown nature of the disease and its progression, the treatment of these lesions is completely personal and varies according to each patient.

Alternate Seizure Spread with Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum

Agenesis of the corpus callosum is a brain malformation that can occur in isolation or in conjunction with other congenital or developmental defects. The clinical sequelae of this condition include epilepsy, cognitive deficits, developmental delay, and various neurological and psychiatric disorders. Here we present the case of a patient with congenital complete agenesis of the corpus callosum and medically refractory epilepsy who underwent stereoelectroencephalography. This identified a left frontal ictal focus and revealed that contralateral spread occurred though the anterior commissure, a rare and interesting occurrence. Left frontal resection resulted in significant improvement. This demonstrates the role of the anterior commissure in ictal spread and the potential for novel methods of seizure spread in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy that must be considered in a surgical approach.