Efficiency Analysis of Foundation System

The increasing number of residents in South Tangerang has an impact on increasing the need for lower housing. The development of vertical housing with the market name of flats, apartments and is the most effective anticipatory solution to overcome land prices which result in market limitations, especially for the upper middle class. This 32-storey apartment project uses a combined foundation system between drill pile foundation & raft foundation. With the combination of these two very massive systems, of course, it will have a very expensive cost to implement and take a long time to complete. In order to avoid cost overruns, the foundation design must look at the possibilities. To determine the efficiency of the combined system foundation design between pile bored foundation & raft foundation, the researchers analyzed the value of the bearing capacity and also the settlement that occurred in the existing foundation using the Poulos method, the equivalent Raft method and the Vesic method. From the results of the study, it was found that the contribution of the pile foundation bearing capacity was 24.10%. the placement of the raft foundation is 75.90% and the settlement analysis using the Poulos 8.95cm method, the 12.41cm Equivalent Raft method and the Vesic 12.1cm method, these three results are close to the maximum settlement limit.

Settlement Analysis of Sand Compaction Pile Composite Foundation in Transition Section of Immersed Tube Tunnel

The foundation of the immersed tube transition section of the Hong Kong-Zhu Hai-Macao Bridge Project is distributed with thick silty soil. The method of sand compaction pile + surcharge preloading is used to treat the soft soil ground. In order to determine the foundation consolidation settlement and subsequent residual settlement in the transition section of the immersed tube tunnel, a monitoring system using long wires combined with wireless transmission and long-distance data collection was developed to obtain the measured foundation settlements during the surcharge period. After comparing the measured value with the calculated value, the formula for the composite foundation of the sand compaction pile was revised to obtain a more reasonable residual settlement of the foundation, which could guide the design and construction of the immersed tube tunnel.

Elastic Settlement Analysis of Rigid Footings Relying On The “Characteristic Point” Concept

In the present paper, the problem of finding the location of the so-called “characteristic point” of flexible footings is revisited. As known, the settlement at the characteristic point, is equal to the uniform settlement of the respective rigid footing. The cases of infinitely long strips and circular footings are studied fully analytically. For the case of rectangular footings, analytical results (for flexible footings) are compared with the respective numerical results (for rigid footings) obtained from 3D finite element analysis (210 cases were examined). As shown, the location of the characteristic point may greatly deviate from the well-known values reported in the literature, as it strongly depends on the thickness and Poisson’s ratio value of the compressible medium. For rectangular footings this location also depends on their aspect ratio, L/B. The location of the characteristic point with respect to the center of footing for the various cases examined is given in tabular form. Strain influence area values (Aj=ρjEs/qB) are also given for the convenient calculation of the settlement (ρj) of footings, especially the rigid, rectangular ones; q is the uniform surcharge of footing and Es the soil modulus.

Subway Tunnel Construction Settlement Analysis Based on the Combination of Numerical Simulation and Neural Network

Under the background of rapid economic development and the continuous expansion of city size, people’s travel is deeply troubled by the problem of urban traffic congestion. Subway is an effective way to relieve traffic pressure and plays an important role in its use. In the process of building the city subway, the excavation of the underground tunnel is the most critical. However, the excavation of the tunnel will inevitably disturb the nearby soil, change the stratum stress conditions, and make the stress distribution uneven. If the surface settlement is too large, it will not only affect the normal construction of the tunnel but also cause damage to the surrounding buildings (structures), roads, underground pipelines, and so on, resulting in very serious malignant consequences. In this study, Cuobuling Station is taken as a case study. First, the construction status of the subway tunnel in the station is analyzed, and then the monitoring results are analyzed. According to the cross-section settlement law, the numerical simulation and neural network are used to build a model, calculate the numerical simulation results, and carry out a risk assessment of regression model. Finally, combined with the tunnel construction situation of the station, according to the risk assessment results, the concrete measures are put forward to deal with the subway tunnel construction settlement problem.

The environmental context of Early Neolithic cultural transformation in the Targowisko settlement region

The aim of this article is to provide information on environmental changes in the Targowisko region in the Early Neolithic as a natural response to settlement and economic activity of the human population in that area. The discussion is based on lithological, geochemical, and palynological analyses, as well as the analysis of Cladocera within strata inside the TRG (Targowisko) core, located in a small wetland in the immediate vicinity of the eastern edge of the Neolithic settlement in the Targowisko region. Settlement analysis points to the absence of stable microregions and to the mobility of human groups. This is confirmed by the sequence of settlement episodes and economic activity, reflected in the stratigraphy of the core sediments, where episodes of significant human interference are followed by phases of almost complete regeneration of the environment. No differences have been noticed between the Linienbandkeramik and Malice culture communities as regards their impact on the environment.

Settlement Analysis of Treated Soft Clay using LECA Replacement through Numerical Modelling

Soil replacement technique is the simplest and oldest way in improving the soft soil under the shallow foundations. The process started by taking or removing the un-wanted problematic part of soils and replacing it with other efficient materials. Therefore, this study conducted to analyse on the soft soil replacement using Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate (LECA) as a filling material instead of common aggregate. LECA has been widely used in geotechnical application as the materials were successfully recognized in minimising the dead loads by more than half. The settlement magnitude of treated soft soil with LECA replacement was analysed through finite element method by using PLAXIS 2D commercial software. The prediction graph for various internal friction angle has been developed for settlement estimation The graph was then validated using developed Settlement Prediction Model, analytical equations, and numerical analysis. Another finding from this study is a decrease in the magnitude of the settlement as the internal friction angle of LECA increases.

Culture transformation in Targowisko microregion. Trends of changes inside Danubian farmers

The aim of this article is to deepen the discussion on the nature and mechanisms of culture change based on the analysis of newly acquired materials from the Targowisko settlement region. Three groups of materials were acquired (from narrow time horizons) related to the single-phase relics of Linienbandkeramik (Brzezie, site 40 and Targowisko, site 16) and Malice culture houses (Targowisko, site 14-15). The absolute chronology of the beginning of the late phase (III) LBK was established to be 5100-5000 BC, and the classic phase (Ib) of MC was dated to 4650-4550 BC. Selected threads of the cultural tradition (in the field of ceramic-making technology and ornamentation and flint-blade production technology) were passed on among families living in individual houses. Settlement analysis showed the relative instability of microregions, the increased mobility of small groups of people, and risky colonization attempts in Targowisko region. No evidence of direct, contemporaneous contact between the LBK and MC populations was found. Key words: LBK, Malice culture, early Neolithic, culture change, Targowisko region