Effect of Potassium Alum Salt Particles on the Activation Energy of Poly(ethylene oxide) Doped with Conductive Carbon Black (CB) Nanoparticles

The electrical properties of conductive carbon black (CB) nanoparticles (0.1wt percent) doped thin films made of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) filled with varying amounts of the electrolyte potassium alum salt and doped with conductive carbon black (CB) nanoparticles (0.1wt percent) have been investigated. The dependence of the activation energy of the composites on frequency, temperature, and filler content was studied using the AC impedance technique. The current research looked at how activation energy changed with frequency (200-1000 kHz) and temperature (30-55oC) for composites with varied potassium alum salt concentrations: 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 wt. percent. The activation energy (Ea) values measured exhibited frequency, temperature, and filler content relationships. According to polarization processes, the activation energy of the produced sheets decreases with the potassium alum salt content in the composite and decreases with the temperature. With increasing frequency, the activation energy of the produced thin films decreases.

Antimicrobial Activity of Synthesized Multi-Metallic Nanoparticles using Traditional Indian Siddha Method

In present work, multi-metallic nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical method in a controlled environment by using silver, lead, mercury, egg shell powder (contains 1% calcium phosphate, 1% magnesium carbonate, 94% calcium carbonate and 4% organic matter), potassium nitrate, potassium alum and extracts of citrus lemon by following the process defined in Traditional Indian Medicine, Siddha System of Medicine. The morphology, compositions and structure of the product were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Highly uniform spherical multi-metallic nanoparticle was subjected for the antibacterial activities. The particles were agglomerated as observed by SEM micrographs. The particles were homogeneous, spherical in shape and loosely agglomerated as seen by TEM pictures. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized multi-metallic nanoparticles against B. cereus, S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeuroginosa was demonstrated using the zone of inhibition technique. The synthesized multi-metallic nanoparticle can find plausible biological applications.

Effect of Potassium Alum and Carbon Black Nanoparticles on Casted Peo Composite: Phase Angle, Dielectric Constant, Impedance and AC Conductivity

The electrical characteristics of hybrid polymer thin films consisting of conductive carbon black (CB) nanoparticles (0.1wt%) doped in poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) filled with electrolyte potassium alum salt at varied concentrations were studied. For varied potassium alum concentrations and fixed content of conductive carbon black of concentration (0.1 wt. percent), the AC electrical characteristics were studied in the frequency range (3kHz - 5MHz) and temperature range (30 oC - 55 oC). Thin film physical constants such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss, AC conductivity, and impedance have been recorded. These measured amounts were discovered to fluctuate with potassium alum concentration, applied field frequency, and temperature. With increasing potassium alum content, frequency, and temperature, the AC conductivity (ac) increases. Dielectric constant (ε') and dielectric loss (ε'') of the composites increase with potassium alum concentration and decrease with frequency.

Cytogenetic abnormalities in young cattle during vaccination against salmonelloses

The spectrum and the frequencies of cytogenetic abnormalities in young cattle immunized with a vaccine against salmonellosis of calves were investigated. The study was carried out on the farm of Novosibirsk region on 10 clinically healthy Holstein black-and-white calves of 10-17 days of age. A concentrated formol-alum vaccine against salmonellosis (paratyphoid) of calves was used at a dose of 2 ml (reimmunization at a dose of 2 ml) with an interval of 10 days between injections. The vaccine was made from the culture of bacteria of the Salmonella dublin strain № 373, inactivated with formalin with the addition of potassium alum and calcium chloride. Cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood in calves was carried out before vaccination (control), 2 and 9 days after vaccination, 2 and 9 days after revaccination. It was found that the spectrum of somatic chromosomal instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes of calves after vaccination and revaccination is represented by polyploidy, hypoploidy and hyperploidy, chromatid and chromosomal breaks, single and paired fragments of chromosomes. It was revealed that the spectrum of somatic chromosomal instability after double immunizations with an inactivated vaccine against salmonellosis did not differ from the spectrum of spontaneously occurring mutations in this species. Vaccination and subsequent revaccination of calves in comparison with the pre-vaccination period did not lead to a significant increase in the frequency of aneuploid and polyploid cells. During double immunization of calves, a wave pattern in the variation of genomic mutation frequencies from maximum to minimum values in the lymphocytic blood cells of animals was noted, similar to prolonged mutagenesis. A tendency was found for the frequency of structural chromosome abnormalities to increase 2 and 9 days after vaccination and 2 days after revaccination. There was a credible 2.9-fold increase in the frequency of cells with chromosomal aberrations in the blood lymphocytes of animals 9 days after their repeated immunization due to breaks and paired fragments of chromosomes. After vaccination and revaccination, chromatid breaks were most often recorded in the medial regions of one of the chromatids, and chromosomal breaks in the medial and telomeric regions of both chromatids.

Role of Sphatik bhasma as haemostatic drug in the Management of Rakta Pradar W.R.T Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

Heavy menstrual bleeding or abnormal bleeding is most common problems in females in present era due to improper diet habits, sleeping habits due to increasing degrees of civilisation. There are various treatment on heavy menstrual flow like hormonal replacement therapy where there is hormonal imbalancement, Anti fibrinolytics drugs in dysfunctional uterine bleeding available today. According to Ayurveda it can be correlated with Raktapradar. Various drugs are suggested in raktapradar in classical text. In this study efficacy of Sphatik bhasma (potassium aluminium sulphate also known as potassium alum or potashalum, has a molecular formulae of K2(SO4).Al2(SO4)3.24H2O) as haemostatic drug is observed through clinical trial. The clinical study was conducted on 15 patients having heavy menstrual bleeding. Interventional drug Sphatik Bhasma with pakwa kadali phala (banana or Musa paradisiaca) is administered for 3 days. The clinical assessment was done on the basis of grading criteria of Rakta Pradar like amount and duration of bleeding, pain, burning sensation and weakness and were assessed on mean scores before and after treatment and analysed. The results were statistically and clinically highly significant in Raktapradar.