The Effect Of Teacher Professionalism On The Performance Of Christian Religious Education Teachers, Elementary Schools In Surabaya City

Education is important for development in all fields in Indonesia. Whether or not the quality of education will determine the human resources produced. In the world of education, teachers play an important role, meaning that the quality of this nation's education is indirectly determined by the quality of educators or teachers. Based on the Unesco agency, Indonesia is one of the countries that has a low quality of education. The quality or low level of teacher professionalism will have an impact on low-performance results. Low teacher performance will affect the quality of students and the quality of education produced. The teacher's performance includes lesson planning, learning implementation, and learning assessment. In this study, the professionalism of teachers can be influenced by several factors, including the level of academic qualifications, certification, and teacher competence. If these three things can be fulfilled by a teacher, it is expected that the teacher has high professionalism to carry out his duties professionally so that it has an impact on better performance.

The return of metaphysics as a subject matter of historical ontology: analytical review (ending)

The second part of the article continues the analytical and historiographical overview of the problems that are substantively related to the question of the role, meaning and historical fate of metaphysics. The author focuses on the phenomenon of the return of metaphysics to the philosophy of our time. The author traces the gradual rehabilitation of metaphysical problems in post-positivist studies of sci-ence. An attempt is made to differentiate these studies from the viewpoint of the opposition between internalism and externalism. The author shows the limits of this differentia-tion and highlights the mixed type of re-search, which focuses on the interaction of “external” and “internal” determinants of knowledge. It is shown that the postpositivist idea of the background knowledge extends not only to scientific (empirical) knowledge, but also to its philosophical (theoretical) justification, which is recognized by many re-searchers as historically and culturally conditioned. This opens up the possibility of a historical critique of the ontological presuppositions of the epistemological (transcendental) justification of science. Such presuppositions are considered in relation to the dis-course of negative ontology, which prohibits the cognitive experience of transcendent be-ing. The author shows that the criticism of these assumptions is carried out in the form of a regressive transcendental argument, which, comparing them with a new, philo-sophically revised scientific ontology, reveals their historically limited character. Thus, the regressive transcendental argument allows us to go beyond the negative ontology of the transcendental justification of science. This leads to the replacement of historical epistemology, whose subject matter is limited to knowledge and its historically mobile structures, with historical ontology, which returns to the description and explanation of reality. The author considers the concepts of new re-alism in the context of historical ontology and traces the connection of the new realism with the post-metaphysical and metametaphysical discourses.

The return of metaphysics as a subject matter of historical ontology: analytical review

The article (the publication consists of two parts) presents an analytical and historiographical overview of the problems that are substantively related to the question of the role, meaning and historical fate of metaphysics. The author focuses on the phenomenon of the return of metaphysics to the philosophy of our time. This phenomenon is proposed to be analyzed from the viewpoint of historical ontology, which deals with the ontological presuppositions of knowledge and their historical dynamics. In the first part, the author highlights two directions of the historical development of metaphysical problems, one of which expresses the immediate metaphysical position, and the other represents the criticism of this position. The author associates criticism of metaphysics with the development of science and the philosophy of science. The author shows the difference between the “analytical” and “continental” approaches to metaphysical problems. The consideration of metaphysics as a historical phenomenon is associated with Hegel’s metaphilosophical historicism. The alternative, non-historical, consideration of metaphysics is placed in the context of empiricism and positivism. The concepts of scientific realism are defined as a kind of positivistically restricted analytical metaphysics. The author highlights three points of growth of post-positivist philosophy and pays special attention to the relationship between post-positivist philosophy of science, history of science, metaphilosophical history of ideas, and sociology of science. The author traces the gradual formation of theoretical conditions for the rehabilitation of metaphysics in these research fields. The author demonstrates that the historicization of Kant’s “transcendental subject” creates a specific epistemological perspective that joins historicism with contextualism. Within this perspective, the question of the ontological presuppositions of empirical (primarily scientific) knowledge, their development and change becomes of great importance.

The Role of Dance in Education

As an important content and form of quality education, dance education is important for improving and cultivating students' physical and mental qualities, especially psychological qualities, which mainly include intelligence, creativity, non-intellectual factors, mental health, and aesthetic mental ability status and role, meaning and value. If the core of the knowledge-based economy is knowledge innovation, then the core of quality education is creative education, and dance aesthetic education happens to coincide with it, unexpectedly, and has the beauty of the same purpose and the same goal.

5. Thinking about art history

The relationship between art and thought can be a complex one. ‘Thinking about art history’ discusses the impact various philosophical schools and psychoanalytic theory have had on the way in which we think about art history and the role, meaning, and interpretation of art. It introduces the ideas of such key thinkers as G. W. F. Hegel, Immanuel Kant, Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, Michel Foucault, and Jacques Derrida in order to show how they have interacted with art history, not least in regard to the emergence of social histories of art and feminist art history.

Meaning in Stroke Family Caregiving in China: A Phenomenological Study

Meaning in caregiving plays an influential role in stroke family caregiver’s perception and adaptation to caregiving. Although the role meaning plays in stroke family caregiving has been recognized, knowledge about this subject among the Chinese population is fragmented and sparse. Therefore, a hermeneutic phenomenological study was conducted as a first step in a program of research focused on Chinese caregivers utilizing a purposive sample of five stroke family caregivers living in China to explore the meaning of the lived caregiving experience. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed by a phenomenological hermeneutic interpretation. Meaning in stroke family caregiving was interpreted as suffering, an obligation, a personal choice, a meaningful opportunity, and a natural part of living. These meanings were dynamic and interconnected and were affected deeply by the Chinese culture in how caregivers experience, interpret, and cope with caregiving. Findings highlight the need to understand the culture-shaped meanings in caregiving to better support family caregivers and develop culturally tailored interventions.

Informal, Non-formal, and Formal Networking: Ensuring Autonomy and Flexibility for Special Needs Coordinators

The importance of the Special Needs Coordinator (SENCO) in facilitating inclusive and equitable education is well supported in the literature with many countries formalising the role through legislation and policy. New Zealand however, while adopting the role of SENCO, has not formalised this role, meaning that those in SENCO positions in New Zealand experience high levels of flexibility and autonomy. This paper reports on a study of New Zealand SENCO, highlighting their day-to-day workings. A model of networked SENCO expertise is presented that reinforces SENCO autonomy and flexibility while also facilitating their needs for collaboration, sharing of practice and ongoing professional learning.

Sobory powszechne w epoce późnego cesarstwa (IV-VI w.)

The purpose of the paper is the presentation of the mutual political-religious relations between civil and religious authority in the time of the late Roman Empire. The main problem are the universal councils in this context. The paper concentrates on the presentation of course, role, meaning and circumstances of the collecting of this councils. The article doesn’t talk over the peculiar canons of the church law. The deeper analysis concerns to this council which took place from IV. to VI. Century: Nice (325), Constantinople I (381), Ephesus (431), Chalcedon (451) and Constantinople II (553). In IV-VI centuries, when the emperors gave the acts protecting the state before the different dangers, the church did the same. The analysis of the documents presents some similarities between state and church. We can assert, that this assemblies doesn’t have the legislative and judicial power beyond the border of the dioceses of the participating bishops. They were the expression of the church consciousness. Thanks to the intrinsic value and the high level of the features of their participants, the councils have the great recognition. The consequence of this recognition was the lesser or more universal power of the law.

Press Release in System of Library PR-Technologies

This article is devoted to the role, meaning, specificity and processes of creation of press release in the system of library PR-Technologies. The actuality of this theme is connected with low level of its study. There is too much “amateur creativity” in creation of library press releases that quite often do not allow reaching the result which is expected of its distribution in target audiences.