Understanding the difference in softness of Australian Soft Rolling Skin wool and conventional Merino wool

Softness is one of the key elements of textile comfort and is one of the main considerations when consumers make purchasing decisions. In the wool industry, softness can reflect the quality and value of wool fibers. There is verifiable difference in subjective softness between Australian Soft Rolling Skin (SRS) wool and conventional Merino (CM) wool, yet the key factors responsible for this difference are not yet well understood. Fiber attributes, such as crimp (curvature), scale morphology, ortho-to-cortex (OtC) ratio and moisture regain, may have a significant influence on softness performance. This study has examined these key factors for both SRS and CM wool and systematically compared the difference in these factors. There was no significant difference in the crimp frequency between these two wools; however, the curvature of SRS wool was lower than that of CM wool within the same fiber diameter ranges (below 14.5 micron, 16.5–18.5 micron). This difference might be caused by the lower OtC ratio for SRS wool (approximately 0.60) than for CM wool (approximately 0.66). The crystallinity of the two wools was similar and not affected by the change in OtC ratio. SRS wool has higher moisture regain than CM wool by approximately 2.5%, which could reduce the stiffness of wool fibers. The surface morphology for SRS wool was also different from that of CM wool. The lower cuticle scale height for SRS wool resulted in its smoother surface than CM wool. This cuticle height difference was present even when they both had similar cuticle scale frequency.

Natural cellulosic fiber from Cordyline Australis leaves for textile application: extraction and characterization

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of Cordyline Australis fibers as an alternate raw material for textile. Design/methodology/approach The water retting method was used to extract the fiber. Cordyline Australis fibers were characterized in terms of the morphology of fibers (fiber cross-sectional and longitudinal), fiber chemical functional groups, tensile strength and elongation, fineness, fiber length, moisture regain and friction coefficient. Findings Cordyline Australis fiber strands consist of several individual fibers. At the longitudinal section, the fiber cells appeared as long cylindrical tubes with a rough surface. The cross-section of the Cordyline Australis fibers was irregular but some were oval. The key components in the fibers were cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The tensile strength of the fiber per bundle was 2.5 gf/den. The elongation of fibers was 13.15%. The fineness of fiber was 8.35 Tex. The average length of the fibers was 54.72 cm. Moisture Regain for fiber was 8.59%. The friction coefficient of fibers was 0.16. The properties of the fiber showed that the Cordyline Australis fiber has the potential to be produced into yarn. Originality/value To the best of the author's knowledge, there is no scientific article focused on the Cordyline Australis fibers. Natural fibers from the leaves of the Cordyline Australis plant could be used as an alternate material for textile.

Chemical Modification Treatments on Extra-Long Egyptian Cotton Fiber

The efficiency of physical and chemical properties on Extra-long stable Egyptian cotton fiber Giza 96 at different treatment processes with two concentrations of morpholine comparing with conventional treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was investigated. The sample was pretreated with ferrous sulfate before dyeing with direct dye or natural dye. Physical properties as tensile strength (g/tex), elongation %, fiber length (UHM, and U.I), micronaire reading, reflectance (Rd %), and yellowness (+b) as well as chemical properties as crystallinity degree, moisture regain, accessibility, color strength (K/S), color components and color difference (?E) was also investigated. The results show that the chemical modified cotton fiber with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were increased amorphous cellulose %, moisture regain %, accessibility %, fiber uniformity index (U.I) %, elongation %, and micronaire reading compared with morpholine treatments. On the other hand, tensile strength, and fiber length (U.H.M), decreased with a little degree values in morpholine treatments comparing with sodium hydroxide. Improvement in color strength (K/S), and color components was observed using morpholine instead of NaOH. These results were important for finishing textile production and textile industry.

Surface functionalization of nanostructured Cu/Ag-deposited polypropylene fiber by magnetron sputtering

Metallic nanoparticles are widely used due to their superior electrical, antimicrobial, and electromagnetic shielding characteristics. In this work, the surface functionalization of polypropylene (PP) fibers using magnetron sputtering with pure Cu and Ag targets in the presence of Ar gas was systematically investigated, in detail, in terms of surface morphology, tensile, abrasion resistance, moisture regain, antibacterial, and electrostatic properties. The results indicated that the nanocomposite films deposited on the PP surface were even and dense under proper treatment conditions. Compared with pristine fiber, breaking tenacity, abrasion resistance, and antibacterial properties of the Cu/Ag-deposited PP fibers were significantly improved, whereas the extension at break and moisture regain decreased in different degrees. Also, the electrostatic property of treated PP fabrics was studied. This work reveals that surface functionalization of Cu/Ag-deposited PP fiber is versatile, and the surface treatment that uses metallic nanoparticles by magnetron sputtering is a promising approach for achieving multifunctional textiles.

Ekstraksi dan Karakterisasi Serat Alam dari Daun Sansevieria Laurenti dan Sansevieria Zeylinic

Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami potensi pemanfaatan Sansevieria laurenti Sansevieria zeylinic sebagai sumber serat selulosa alami untuk aplikasi tekstil. Makalah ini melaporkan proses ekstraksi karakterisasi properti serat dari daun tumbuhanSansevieria laurenti Sansevieria zeylinic. Ekstraksi serat menggunakan metode water retting. Karakterisasi properti meliputi pengujian penampang melintang membujur, kekuatan mulur, kehalusan, panjang, kadar air, dan friksi. Data yang didapatkan digunakan untuk menganalisis kemampuan serat untuk dipintal. Serat Sansevieria laurenti memiliki penampang melintang berbentuk oval dengan beberapa berbentuk bulat, penampang membujur berbentuk silinder dengan dinding yang tebal, kekuatan 2,45 g/denier, mulur 7,08 %, kehalusan 6,71 tex, panjang serat 32,1 cm, moisture content 10,4%, moisture regain 11,79%, dan koefisien friksi 0,0295 μ.Sementara seratSansevieria zeylinic memiliki penampang melintang berbentuk oval namun sebagian membentuk segitiga dengan sudut yang runcing, penampang membujur berbentuk silinder, kekuatan 2,19 g/denier, mulur 7,96 %, kehalusan 4,54 tex, panjang serat30,6 cm, moisture content serat 10,8%, moisture regain serat 12,37%, dan koefisien friksi 0,0296 μ.Disimpulkan bahwa serat Sansevieria laurenti Sansevieria zeylinic memiliki potensi untuk dipintal. Serat dari daun tumbuhan Sansevieria laurenti Sansevieria zeylinic dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif bahan baku aplikasi tekstil.Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami potensi pemanfaatan Sansevieria laurenti Sansevieria zeylinic sebagai sumber serat selulosa alami untuk aplikasi tekstil. Makalah ini melaporkan proses ekstraksi karakterisasi properti serat dari daun tumbuhanSansevieria laurenti Sansevieria zeylinic. Ekstraksi serat menggunakan metode water retting. Karakterisasi properti meliputi pengujian penampang melintang membujur, kekuatan mulur, kehalusan, panjang, kadar air, dan friksi. Data yang didapatkan digunakan untuk menganalisis kemampuan serat untuk dipintal. Serat Sansevieria laurenti memiliki penampang melintang berbentuk oval dengan beberapa berbentuk bulat, penampang membujur berbentuk silinder dengan dinding yang tebal, kekuatan 2,45 g/denier, mulur 7,08 %, kehalusan 6,71 tex, panjang serat 32,1 cm, moisture content 10,4%, moisture regain 11,79%, dan koefisien friksi 0,0295 μ.Sementara seratSansevieria zeylinic memiliki penampang melintang berbentuk oval namun sebagian membentuk segitiga dengan sudut yang runcing, penampang membujur berbentuk silinder, kekuatan 2,19 g/denier, mulur 7,96 %, kehalusan 4,54 tex, panjang serat30,6 cm, moisture content serat 10,8%, moisture regain serat 12,37%, dan koefisien friksi 0,0296 μ.Disimpulkan bahwa serat Sansevieria laurenti Sansevieria zeylinic memiliki potensi untuk dipintal. Serat dari daun tumbuhan Sansevieria laurenti Sansevieria zeylinic dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif bahan baku aplikasi tekstil.

Pengaruh Temperatur Pada Proses Pendegradasian Kain Poliester 100% Dengan Natrium Hidroksida (NaOH) Terhadap Derajat Putih (WHITENESS)

Pengaruh Temperatur pada proses Pendegradasian Kain Poliester 100% dengan Natrium Hidroksida (NaOH) Terhadap Derajat Putih ( Whitenees). Weight reduce atau pendegradasian adalah tahapan proses produksi yang bertujuan memodifikasi dan menutupi kekurangan dan meningkatkan mutu bahan tekstil kain poliester 100%. Kelebihan yang diharapkan yaitu kelangsaian kain, menaikkan wettability, moisture regain dan sifat antistatik, naiknya ketahanan pengelupasan, serta menaikkan kemampuan pelepasan kotoran dan minyak. Perubahan sifat fisika yang terjadi kain poliester awal menjadi kain sesuai yang di inginkan dengan perlakuan proses penembahan NaOH, yaitu berupa kehilangan berat, kekuatan, ketahanan abrasi, koefisien gesekan dan kekakuan, setelah dianalisis rata-rata kehilangan berat kain poliester 100% berkisar antara 5-25% pada proses temperatur 115°-135°C. Hubungan yang terjadi bersifat linear negatif antara perubahan temperatur dengan derajat putih. Tingkat kelinearan negatif yang terbentuk sesuai dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar -98.6 % dengan persamaan garis adalah Y= 89,594–0,173X. Artinya jika temperatur proses dinaikkan maka proses hidrolisis poliester akan semakin cepat dan hebat sehingga menyebabkan perubahan tekstur permukaan serat. Perubahan nilai derajat putih menjadi indikator telah berubahnya tekstur dan struktur permukaan serat karena reaksi hidrolisis poliester yang secara signifikan di pengaruhi faktor temperatur, tingkat kontribusi pengaruh temperatur terhadap perubahan derajat putih kain poliester adalah 97,2%. Kata kunci : Pengurangan Berat, Hidrolisis Poliester, Derajat Putih.

Structure and Properties of Oxidized Chitosan Grafted Cashmere Fiber by Amide Covalent Modification

In this study, oxidized chitosan grafted cashmere fibers (OCGCFs) were obtained by crosslinking the oxidized chitosan onto cashmere fibers by amide covalent modification. A novel method was developed for the selective oxidation of the C6 primary hydroxyls into carboxyl groups for chitosan. The effect of oxidization reaction parameters of HNO3/H3PO4–NaNO2 mediated oxidation system on the oxidation degree, structure, and properties of chitosan were investigated. The chemical structure of the oxidized chitosan was characterized by solid-state cross-polarization magic angle spinning carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (CP/MAS 13C-NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and its morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, the effect of the oxidized chitosan grafting on OCGCF was examined, and the physical properties, moisture regain, and antibacterial activity of OCGCFs were also evaluated. The results showed that oxidation of chitosan mostly occurred at the C6 primary hydroxyl groups. Moreover, an oxidized chitosan with 43.5–56.8% carboxyl content was realized by ranging the oxidation time from 30 to 180 min. The resulting OCGCF had a C–N amido bond, formed as a result of the reaction between the primary amines in the cashmere fibers and the carboxyl groups in the oxidized chitosan through the amide reaction. The OCGCF exhibited good moisture regain and remarkable bacteriostasis against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria with its durability.

The Function of Water Absorption and Purification of Lotus Fiber

In order to understand the water absorption and purification performance of lotus fiber, the relationship between the structure of lotus fiber and water absorption and purification performance was analyzed through experimental tests. Under standard conditions, the characteristics of the absorption and desorption characteristics of lotus fiber were determined, and from this, the regression equations of moisture regain and time and the equations of the rate of moisture absorption and desorption of lotus fiber during the process of reaching equilibrium between absorption and desorption were deduced.The results showed that the lotus fiber had better absorption and desorption properties, and the resorption and desorption rates of lotus fiber were higher than those of cotton fiber and flax fiber.The moisture absorption rate of lotus fiber is the highest, the flax is centered, and the cotton fiber is the lowest;The water absorption and purification performances of the three fibers were similar, and the lotus fiber was slightly higher than the cotton fiber and the flax fiber.

EKSTRAKSI DAN KARAKTERISASI SIFAT SERAT DAUN DARI TANAMAN PANDAN WANGI (PANDANUS AMARYLLIFOLIUS)

Jurnal ilmiah ini melaporkan proses ekstraksi dan karakterisasi sifat serat dari daun tanaman pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius). Proses ekstraksi serat menggunakan metode water retting. Karakterisasi sifat serat meliputi pengujian penampang melintang membujur, kekuatan mulur, kehalusan, panjang, kadar air, dan friksi. Serat daun Pandanus amaryllifolius memiliki penampang melintang berbentuk bintik-bintik lonjong tidak beraturan, dan penampang membujur bersih tidak berpilin, bersisik ataupun berbintik, kekuatan 11,92 g/tex, mulur 5,92 %, kehalusan 3,8 tex, panjang serat 58,33 cm, moisture content 7,32 %, moisture regain 7,86 %, dan koefisien friksi 0,04 μ. Dari data tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa serat daun Pandanus amaryllifolius memiliki potensi untuk dipintal. Karakterisasi serat daun Pandanus amaryllifolius juga menunjukan bahwa serat ini berpotensi sebagai alternatif serat untuk bahan baku tekstil.