Libya, the media and the language of violence: A Corpus-Assisted Discourse Analysis

The Arab revolution euphoria of 2011 was covered around the clock by different media sites, engaging millions of followers around the world, and eventually turning into discontent in some affected countries. This study examines the outcomes of the Libyan uprising (2011–2015), specifically the topics of civil-war and terrorism, through the lenses of the Arab written media in Arabic (Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya), the Arab written media in English (Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya), and the Western written media in English (BBC and CNN). Through Corpus-Assisted Discourse Analysis (CADS), integrating discursive news values analysis (DNVA), this study highlights the ideological representations of these media, and examines their similarities and differences in terms of frequency distribution and story content. The findings indicate that the media coverage of the outcomes of the Libyan Revolution, when reporting on the topics of war and terrorism, follow similar directions in the story content and the frequency distribution, with some differences in the latter between the analysed media sites. Also, the collocations, concordances, and DNVA results, especially NEGATIVITY, IMPACT and ELITENESS, prove the emphasis of the media on violent language, making terrorism appear the norm, and thus manipulating the audience and affecting their understanding of the news.

COLLOCATION OF ENGLISH, ARABIC, AND INDONESIAN COVID-19 TERMS

This paper studies language and translation of the term related to Covid-19. The background of this research is many new vocabularies related to Covid-19 is borrowing term. This study attempts to find answers to the following question: a) What kind of collocations are related to the term Covid-19 pandemic in English, Arabic, and Indonesian? b) How is the pattern of word order forming collocations with the term Covid-19 pandemic in English, Arabic, and Indonesian? This study addressed the emergence of new English, Arabic, Indonesian collocation related to Covid-19 using H. Men’s collocation theory. This study used newspapers, namely Republika, BBC, al-Jazeera online that show Covid-19 as the standard procedure for collecting data. This study used corpus linguistic to analyze collocation, concordance, and syntax analysis, models. The Covid-19 domain has chosen because the Indonesian term in this domain uses a lot of loanwords. The source of the data was a basic-words and compound term. The investigation informed several aspects of findings, such as identifying the pattern of collocation, borrowing, and collocation term of coronavirus concept.

THE ROLE OF ONLINE PLATFORMS IN TEACHING ARABIC -‎AL-JAZEERA PLATFORM AS AN EXAMPLE-‎

Online platforms are defined as (websites that have a technical link on the Web, ‎containing units or lessons for teaching the Arabic language, which consist of a ‎number of educational materials and activities that provide a set of multimedia ‎to achieve specific educational goals). Education is no longer confined to ‎educational institutions and universities. Because of the Internet, the field of ‎education has expanded, especially with the emergence of online learning as ‎one of the means that support the teachin/ learning process, transforming it from ‎the well-known indoctrination phase in traditional education to another, more ‎distinguished and creative phase. It works on developing skills through adopting ‎computers and networks in the transfer of knowledge and skills. The importance ‎of these educational platforms has emerged with the breakout of the Corona ‎pandemic, which have led governments to adopt online learning and educational ‎platforms in the delivery of academic material to students - in line with the ‎decisions of closing schools, universities and public facilities, that swept the ‎world, in order to save people's lives in light of the spread of the virus. Here, ‎the importance of educational platforms emerged, including “Al Jazeera ‎platform for teaching Arabic to native and non-native speakers.” This platform ‎relies on Al Jazeera news network, which it is affiliated with, to provide the ‎platform with written, audio and video news, making it with rich and renewable ‎content. This is, in addition to lessons in teaching Arabic. These lessons are on ‎‎ (syntax, morphology, and spelling) divided into three levels (beginner, ‎intermediate, advanced) and each of them is divided into (lower, intermediate, ‎higher) preceded, in the beginner level, with teaching the pronunciation of ‎Arabic sounds. All of this is accompanied by a number of exercises and ‎comprehension questions, with a list of the most prominent words in the text ‎and their translation, and through the tests on the platform, it is possible to ‎determine the linguistic level of the learner. Keywords: Teaching Arabic to non-native speakers, E-Learning, Teaching Arabic sounds.

Broadcasting and national identity construction in Qatar: The case of Al-Rayyan TV

This research sought to study the contents of Al-Rayyan TV programmes and their relationship to the construction of national identity in Qatar, a task this channel has taken as an editorial line since its inception in 2012. In this article, we present findings of an audience-based exploration of Al-Rayyan TV’s viewership. Fieldwork data was gathered via a base of 720 survey questionnaires from a sample of Qatari society as well as fifteen interviews conducted with experts and social media activists. The aim was to find out respondents’ views about the role of the channel in promoting Qatari identity and culture. Research questionnaires were managed at intervals between August and November 2020. Fieldwork results showed that the surveyed viewers believe that the channel plays a significant role in preserving Qatari national culture and heritage. However, when it comes to rating Qatari TV channels in order of importance, respondents’ favourite TV broadcaster in terms of news and current affairs programmes was Al Jazeera, followed by beIN Sports, Qatar TV, Al-Rayyan TV and finally Al Kass. Research findings also reveal an evident trend among young Qataris and professionals who find social media networks the most convenient platforms to view and share content from Al-Rayyan TV. People watch video clips from the most popular programmes, such as Al-Sabah Rabah, Umm Rashid, Taraheeb and In the Shadows of Doha, among others, which they receive via Twitter, Instagram and Facebook. However, concerns via-à-vis Al-Rayyan TV’s repetitive content and a programme schedule that does not include much entertainment content cannot be missed from viewers’ responses. The dwindling popularity of the channel among Qatari youth is perceived as one such result of its inability to transform itself in the age of digital explosion.

Negative Impoliteness and Reconstruction of Identity: Cyberpragmatics Analysis of Palestinian Conflict News Comments on Arab Youtube Channel

This study aims to explain the negative impoliteness in the comments on the news of the Palestinian conflict on the Arab Youtube channel. This descriptive qualitative research took the source of data in the form of 5 news of the attack on the Al-Aqsa mosque complex by the Israeli military on the Al Jazeera youtube channel as a data source. The internet archive documentation technique and free-of-conversation listening technique were used at the data collection stage. Meanwhile, the identity method by referring to the stages of qualitative analysis was used as a guide in data analysis. The researchers found 310 negative impoliteness speeches consisting of 5 types: frighten found at 17 speeches (6%); condescend, scorn or ridicule at 113 speeches (36%); invade the other’s space at 72 speeches (23%); explicitly associate the others with negative aspect at 97 speeches (31%); put the other’s indebtedness on record at 11 speeches (4%). The negative impoliteness has a context in the form of criticism of the political policies of Arab countries in responding to the Palestinian conflict. Speakers seek to construct a new community identity for Arab countries in the context of fighting against the Israeli occupation of Palestine.

Righteous or Rebellious? Narratives of the Qatar Diplomatic Crisis in British and Qatari Media

Media representations of international conflicts are instrumental in determining how we imagine, evaluate, and discuss conflicts. The Qatar diplomatic crisis, an ongoing international diplomatic conflict between Qatar and a Saudi Arabia-led coalition of nations, has received extensive global media coverage. This study compares British and Qatari media discourse of this crisis, by examining ten news articles from the BBC and Al Jazeera English (AJE) for bias in language based on the respective national contexts. Evidence of agenda-setting, priming, nationalization of discourse, and public diplomacy was revealed in articles from both outlets. AJE, due to its relative political proximity to the conflict, ascribes the diplomatic crisis much more significance than does the BBC. Both outlets also differ in their evaluations of allegations of terrorist-financing against Qatar and the legitimacy of the blockade. These results indicate that media outlets which claim to be impartial are nonetheless influenced by national contexts when reporting on international conflicts. This study is the first to apply previously-established media effects theories and discourse analysis approaches to media representations of the ongoing Qatar crisis and furthers our understanding of power dynamics in narratives of global conflicts.

The reconstruction of Arab women role in media: a critical discourse analysis

Arab women and the patriarchal culture are two things that cannot be separated. The influence of globalization and the rate of information and the Arab Spring revolution have such a profound impact on the identity of Arab women. The issue of discrimination and emancipation as a manifestation of the effort to re-actualize the identity of Arab women is widely reported in the media that we can see its progress day by day. This study shows how the media represents the identity of Arab women in Midan Al-Jazeera, Al-Ittihad, and mawdoo3 which contain problems in the social life of Arab women. As for the social reality of Arab society, women are positioned as individuals who can begin to actualize themselves. The data were analyzed by combining the concept of critical discourse analysis approach by Norman Fairclough and Teun A. Van Dijk who divided the analysis into three dimensions: text (micro), practical discourse (meso), and sociocultural (macro). The results show that the articles in Arab Media represent the re-actualization of Arab female identity using a specific discursive strategy in each of the articles. Through the texts in the article, Arab women are represented as free individuals, regardless of the role of wife and mother, and to have an active contribution to the social and autonomous sphere. It is under the conservative Arab government agenda toward a more moderate country in the twenty-first century.

Engagement as an emerging value on the television channel Al Jazeera. Comparative analysis of AJA and AJE (2016-2020)

The main objective is the comparative analysis of the engagement strategies in the AlJazeera channels in Arabic and English. Methodological triangulation is used through bibliographic review, content analysis, 45 in-depth interviews and non-participant observation. The policies carried out with two important points are studied in 2016 with the conformation of the engagement strategy and in 2018 with the restructuring of the television teams. Engagement is no longer just a marketing strategy to turn the audience into a fundamental actor in content production. Platformization and the search for a comprehensive and international strategy emerge as challenges for the coming years

Taliban takeover: Charlotte Bellis faces perils outside ‘enemy territory’

New Zealand-born Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Peter Arnett was one of a handful of journalists allowed to stay in Baghdad as the American offensive against Iraq began in 1991. Reporting first from the rooftop of the Al-Rashid Hotel, he chronicled—quite literally – the impact of the bombing campaign. But on Day Four he was taken to a bombed-out building in a suburb that was then an infant milk formula factory would later gain notoriety thanks to investigative reporter Seymour Hersh—Abu Ghraib. His report was accurate. In 2003, Arnett was once again in ‘enemy territory’ and (by his own later admission, unwisely) gave an interview to Iraqi television during the Second Iraq War. In the interview, he stated that the civilian casualties inflicted by the Coalition forces were counterproductive. In August 2021, it was the turn of another New Zealand journalist, Charlotte Bellis reporting for Al Jazeera English, to tell us what she sees. And much of the world has now seen her. The author examines the pitfalls that she may face.