Multimodal Assemblies for Prefacing a Dispreferred Response: A Cross-Linguistic Analysis

In this paper we examine how participants’ multimodal conduct maps onto one of the basic organizational principles of social interaction: preference organization – and how it does so in a similar manner across five different languages (Czech, French, Hebrew, Mandarin, and Romanian). Based on interactional data from these languages, we identify a recurrent multimodal practice that respondents deploy in turn-initial position in dispreferred responses to various first actions, such as information requests, assessments, proposals, and informing. The practice involves the verbal delivery of a turn-initial expression corresponding to English ‘I don’t know’ and its variants (‘dunno’) coupled with gaze aversion from the prior speaker. We show that through this ‘multimodal assembly’ respondents preface a dispreferred response within various sequence types, and we demonstrate the cross-linguistic robustness of this practice: Through the focal multimodal assembly, respondents retrospectively mark the prior action as problematic and prospectively alert co-participants to incipient resistance to the constraints set out or to the stance conveyed by that action. By evidencing how grammar and body interface in related ways across a diverse set of languages, the findings open a window onto cross-linguistic, cross-modal, and cross-cultural consistencies in human interactional conduct.

A Conversation Analysis on the Interview between Agnez Monica and Host in “Build Talk Show”

The aim of the study is to determine how the aspects of conversational interactions are realized in the conversation. The researcher collects and analyzes data by applied qualitative content analysis through documentation technique. The data of this study were the utterances while the source of data is a video of the interview between the interviewer (Kevan Kenney) and the interviewee (Agnez Monica a.k.a Agnez Mo) in Build Talk Show. The source of the data was downloaded from the official Youtube channel of Build Talk Show with a duration of 27:03 minutes. The data analysis is based on the theory of conversation analysis proposed by Paltridge. The results of this study show that the interviewer (Kevan Kenney) employed the aspects of conversational interactions in asking and responding to the questions of the interviewee. The aspects of conversational interactions such as opening conversation, adjacency pairs, preference organization, turn taking, and feedback were used. Where as, closing conversation and repair categories were not used by interviewer throughout the conversation. On the other hand, the interviewee used Turn Taking, Feedback and Repair, but Opening and Closing Conversation, Adjacency Pairs, and Preference Organization were not used by the interviewee throughout the conversation. So, five of seven aspects of conversational interactions in conversation are applied. Those aspects of conversational interactions are realized in this conversation because it is the standard in conversation, and the interviewer and interviewee applied the aspects of conversational interactions in order to seek the information from the interviewee, to give the clarification of the issues and make a good communication in that conversation.

Revealing the Patterns of Sequence Organization on Blackpink Interview at Zach Sang Show

Intentionally or not, a conversation between two people or more is a common thing around us. This research will discuss the patterns of sequence organization in the conversation using the qualitative method. The data in this research were words, phrases, sentences in the form of spoken language taken from Youtube entitled "Blackpink Talks 'Kill This Love', Coachella & How They Formed" which premiered on April 17, 2019. The research findings describe the patterns of sequence organization in conversation which consist of adjacency pairs, preference organization, sequence expansion, repair, and topic management. From 1 There were 9 responses from SPP that showed preferred and 8 others indicated dispreferred and 4 repair sessions where all were initiated by other speakers. In addition, which only 1 denotes pre-expansion, 6 denotes insert expansion, and one more denotes post expansion. From the patterns formed in the conversation, finally FPP can bring the flow of the conversation and produce 8 topics FPP begins the conversation by asking about Blackpink performance at Coachella, then interspersed by discussing each member’s life, how their initial meeting, what is their motivation, and talking about songs and choreography.

Agreeing and Disagreeing with Assessments

In providing assessments, speakers generally have expectations regarding the recipients’ access to the matters assessed. This paper describes how recipients who claim access to the assessed referent form their responding assessments. Features of responses in two sequential environments are examined: when neither party is responsible for the evaluated referent and when a prior speaker has offered a self-deprecation. The turn and sequence shapes used for agreeing and disagreeing in each of the sequential environments are different. A description of a preference organization that is oriented to in performing the actions is offered to account for the different turn and sequence shapes

Asking and Telling in Conversation

The work contains nine published conversation analytic articles by Anita Pomerantz on asking and telling practices. Each paper explicates complexities involved when people ask or tell something. Asking and telling practices are used to exchange information, share evaluative reactions, offer compliments, and make accusations. The ways in which participants perform the actions reflect how they orient to those actions and to the matter asked about or reported. The timing of asking or telling within a sequence of actions and/or interactional project bears on how the talk and action are formed and understood. Implicit and explicit knowledge claims and expectations are foundational to asking and telling activities. Assumptions are associated with participants’ directly and indirectly seeking or providing information. Reporting or asking about praiseworthy or blameworthy matters implicates an attribution of responsibility. Moral orientations influence asking and telling activities. The conversation analytic papers included in this work range from Pomerantz’s earliest research on preference organization to her more recent work on asking and telling. For each article, there is a lead-in that identifies the research interests that drove the analysis and a commentary that provides her current sense of the analysis. The introductory and concluding chapters discuss the complexities of asking and telling in the light of the articles’ findings, and they illuminate the links the papers have to one another. Pomerantz shares her views about the program of conversation analytic research, a view that is reflected both in the studies and in her commentaries.

Topic management and opportunities for learning in an advanced Francophone Cultures class

Drawing on conversation analysis and its extension to classroom discourse studies, this article examines the ways in which topic is managed and opportunities for learning are created in an advanced US university-level Francophone Cultures class. In the analysis, topic is treated as an ongoing interactional achievement rather than a stable “subject” of conversation. A single-case analysis is presented to show how topic is accomplished between the teacher and her students in relation to preference organization and epistemic stance. Specifically, the analysis demonstrates how a prototypical three-turn Initiation-Response-Feedback (IRF) sequence is elaborated over multiple turns that expand the teacher’s explicitly announced topic to include a side sequence addressing a metalinguistic problem and a disagreement between two students that results in an expansion of the topic beyond the teacher’s agenda. In the discussion, the results are synthesized in relation to how opportunities for learning emerge in the comanagement of topics. Implications for research and pedagogy are also offered.

A Conversation Analysis on Interview with Prime Minister Julia Gillard in Sky News Australia Channel

<em>The aims of this research are to identify and analyze how the aspects of conversational interactions are realized in the conversation. In collecting and analyzing the data, the researcher uses documentation method and qualitative content analysis. The utterances which used by the interviewer and interviewees are as the data of this research, while the video of the interview which downloaded from Youtube with 29:44 minutes is as the source of data in this research. The data are analyzed by using Paltridge theory. This research results are, five aspects of conversational interactions are used by the interviewer (Peter Vanillin) such as, Opening Conversation, Adjacency Pairs, Preference Organization, Turn Taking and Closing Conversation, while the interviewer does not use Feedback and Repair. However, five of seven aspects are used by the interviewees (Paul Kelly and Julia Gillard) such as, Adjacency Pairs, Preference Organization, Turn Taking, Feedback and Repair, while the interviewees do not use Opening and Closing Conversation. Thus, all of seven aspects of conversational interactions are used with different realization. The realization of those aspects of conversational interactions used by the interviewer and interviewees are different. The interviewer does not use Feedback and Repair, while the interviewees do not use Opening and Closing Conversation.</em>