The Upper Juruá Extractive Reserve in the Brazilian Amazon: past and present†

Amazonian livelihoods are largely dependent on rivers, with local protein consumption mainly relying on several species of fish. The UJER (Upper Juruá Extractive Reserve - Reserva Extrativista do Alto Juruá) is located in the state of Acre, bordering Peru and several indigenous areas. Here we summarize the data we collected in 1993/1994 on the population living along the banks of the Juruá, Tejo, Bagé, Igarapé São João and Breu rivers on crop cultivation, animal husbandry, and use of game and fish resources. We interviewed 133 individuals (94 on the Juruá and Tejo, 16 on Bagé, 16 on Igarapé São João and 7 on Breu rivers). Our results include a comprehensive description on local livelihoods, including the most important fish species for local subsistence considering gender and seasonality, the main husbandry and game species, and the items cultivated on the local agriculture. Whenever more recent information was available in the literature, we compared changes in livelihoods over time in the same region and also with the recent patterns observed in the Lower and in the Middle Juruá River. We hope to provide useful information to understand temporal changes in local livelihoods, which can help adapt and shape the ecological management in the region.

Jenis Dan Struktur Tropik Level Ikan Di Danau Tempe Kabupaten Soppeng Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Penelitian berjudul Jenis dan Struktur Trofik Level Ikan di Danau Tempe Kabupaten Soppeng Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan yang dilakukan selama 4 bulan penelitian (Februari, maret, April dan Juni) tahun 2017, bertujuan untuk mengetahui transfer energy di perairan Danau tempe berjalan sesuai dengan sistem jejaring makanan dan manfaat penelitian ini untuk pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan yang optimal dan berkelanjutan diperairan Danau Tempe. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa struktur trifik level Beberapa ikan yang tertangkap di perairan Danau Tempe adalah minimum 2 dan maksimum berfarisasi menurut jenis ikan dan waktu pengamatan. Disimpulkan bahwa sumberdaya alam diperairan danau tempe berupa fitoplankton dan zooplankton sebagai produser primer dan consumer primer masih mendukung untuk tingkatan trofik diatasnya yaitu ikan South Sulawesi, which was conducted for 4 months of research (February, March, April and June) in 2017, aims to determine the transfer of energy in the waters of Lake Tempe runs according to the food network system and the benefits of this research for optimal and sustainable management and utilization of fish resources. in the waters of Lake Tempe. The results showed that the trific level structure of some fish caught in the waters of Lake Tempe was a minimum of 2 and a maximum of varying according to the type of fish and the time of observation. It was concluded that the natural resources in the waters of Lake Tempe in the form of phytoplankton and zooplankton as primary producers and primary consumers still support the higher trophic levels, namely fish.

PENILAIAN STATUS DOMAIN SUMBER DAYA IKAN LEMURU DENGAN PENDEKATAN EKOSISTEM YANG DIDARATKAN DI PPI KEDONGANAN, BALI

PPI Kedonganan is a fish landing base located in Kedonganan Village, Kuta District, Badung Regency. One of the fish commodities that landed at PPI Kedonganan is Lemuru Fish (Sardinella lemuru). The high rate of catching Lemuru must be balanced with proper management so that Lemuru Fish Resources remain sustainable. This study was conducted to determine the status of the utilization of Lemuru fish resources. The study was conducted from January 2021 to March 2021. Data collection was carried out by observation and interviews. Data analysis of each indicator was carried out using a multi-criteria analysis approach with composite index assessment and visualization by flag model. Indicators were observed the trends of fish size, the proportion of juvenile fish were caught, the species composition, range collapse of fish resources, Endangered, Threatened, and Protected species. The status assessment of the Lemuru resource domain which landed at PPI Kedonganan is in the good category with a composite value of 66.7. Results of the trend indicators of fish size is relatively fixed, the proportion of fish juvenile caught about 90%, the composition of species caught was 100% of the target fish i.e, lemuru that caught by using gill net, range collapse of fish resources as much as 57% of fishermen expressed relatively fixed in looking for fishing grounds, and ETP species not found. Keywords: EAFM; Lemuru Fish; Fisheries Management; PPI Kedonganan.

THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ICHTHYOFAUNA OF THE WATER BODIES OF THE YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS OKRUG OF THE TYUMEN REGION: REVIEW

The article presents an overview of the published materials for a long period concerning the characteristics of the ichthyofauna and the species composition of the water bodies of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug of the Tyumen Region at the present stage. The characteristic of the natural and climatic conditions of the region is given, its high uniqueness as a territory rich in valuable and rare fish resources is shown. The importance of protecting aquatic biological resources from anthropogenic pollution and influence.

Empowering the Fish Processor Community in West Java Province

Indonesia is the largest archipelago country in the world accounting for over 17,000 islands. The West Java Province is one of the country’s 34 provinces and is an important fisheries production centre, owing to its abundance of fish resources. This annual catch of marine life and fish in this area is the source of livelihood of this area’s coastal communities. The fish processing business in West Java is done mostly by women. Any support to the household fish processing business improves the livelihood of local people, benefits the income of the coastal communities and the economy of Indonesia. A simple model of empowerment has been constructed that can be applied to these fishing communities to help them. By identifying external and internal variables, an analysis structural equation model (SEM) capable of simplifying multivariate data to empower home-based fish processors has been formulated. This research can strengthen the theory of community empowerment, pointing out the importance of extension programmes and formulating future strategies, especially in the field of fisheries.

Penentuan Status Pemanfaatan Ikan Teri (Stolephorus sp) di Perairan Selat Lalang Kecamatan Sungai Apit Kabupaten Siak Provinsi Riau

The anchovies (stolephorus sp) need to be well managed, for although they are open access resources if not properly managed, fisheries resources are poorly maintained and sustainable. One approach to managing fish resources is with a production surplus model. As for the data method used is a secondary data analysis method, which USES a production surplus model. Analysis was done to acquire the best production model that could provide information on the extent of use and the completion of anchovies. Data from catch and catch fish were obtained from the registry service of siak district fisheries and livestock. Analysis suggests that the best surplus production model, which is used to assess the potential for anchovies, is the walter-hilborn model. The level of utilization for 2020 is 70 percent, with a 41% reduction rate. It shows that, anchovies in the lalang strait in the state of moderately expoited.

Fisheries management policy in Indonesia’s Exclusive Economic Zone area

The existing fisheries management within the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is based upon several regulations derived from international conventions, national regulations, as well as conventions mutually agreed by Regional Fisheries Management Organizations members, which is intended to ensure that fish resources in the EEZ area can be managed optimally and sustainably. The sole purpose of this qualitative research is to examine national and international policies that regulate fisheries management in the Indonesian EEZ waters. The analysis was carried out qualitatively with a normative juridical approach and then descriptively elaborated. The results showed that the national regulations issued by the government has already referred to the UNCLOS 1982 and WCPFC Conventions, but the implementation has been far from optimal due to the heaps of regulatory references. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that the government set its policies on setting up appropriate regulations and simplifying all national regulations governing fisheries management in the Indonesian EEZ into a single regulation. It is meant to avoid overlapping arrangements and facilitate a much better implementation.

Assessment of heavy metal accumulation in tissues of keperas (Cyclocheilichthys apogon Val. 1842) in Lake Lau Kawar, North Sumatra

Lake Lau Kawar is one of the exposed areas in North Sumatra by the volcanic ash originating from Mount Sinabung eruption. The lake has been utilized as a tourism site and fish resources for consumption by the local community. Keperas (Cyclocheilichthys apogon Val. 1842) is one of the native fish commonly caught by the community. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of selected heavy metals such as copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) accumulated by C. apogon and the ones present in the lake water. The results showed that Zn present in the highest concentration followed by Cu and Pb as similar to the results from bioconcentration factor (BCF). All heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) exhibited their highest concentrations in the gills, while the muscles possessed the lowest concentrations of all metals. Risk assessment based on the national and internasional standard revealed that the concentration of these metals was relatively low and safe for consumption.

Characteristics of purse seine fisheries in the Sulawesi Sea (case study in Tumumpa fishing port)

The purse seine is the dominant fishing gear operating at the Tumumpa Fishing Port with a vessel of >90%. The purse seines that have developed are large pelagic targets, with the main catch targets being skipjack, mackerel tuna, and tuna. Tuna, mackerel tuna and skipjack are important commodities for fisheries in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the characteristics of purse seine fishing gear and its catch in the Sulawesi Sea. Data collection was carried out for two years from 2019-2020 at Tumumpa Fishery Port. Indications for the use of fish resources are calculated by comparing the length-at-first-capture (Lc) with the length-at-first-mature (Lm). The results showed that purse seines are very dominant in exploiting large pelagic resources (skipjack, mackerel tuna and tuna) with the proportion reaching 78%, small pelagic (21% scads and 1% other fish). The large pelagic fishing season using the purse seine vessel occurs in May – November, with 2 peak seasons in July and September. While the small pelagic occurs in May – September, with the peak occurring in July. The size when the frigate tuna was first caught was at a fork length of 25.15 cm (Lc) and Lm in a size of 28.52 cm for females and 28.29 cm for males. Meanwhile, the first scads was caught (Lc) at a length of 21.4 cm with the length-at-first-mature (Lm) being 20 cm for the female and 19 cm for the male. Based on this analysis, it was shown that the purse seines is a selective fishing gear for small pelagic fish but not selective for large pelagic fish.

Capture Fishery Resources of Citanduy River, West Java

Citanduy river is one of the priority watersheds in West Java. Information on capture fisheries resources in Citanduy, however, river is limited. The aim of this study was to assess the information of capture fisheries resources in that river. The method used in this study was a survey method, by collecting data in the field, and then analyzed it in the laboratory. This research was conducted in 2018. Samples of fish were collected through the active participation of fishers with various types of fishing gear. The identification of fish and fishing gear used some references. Some fish caught were preserved in formalin solution and identified. The dominant catch in Citanduy River is Mystacoleucus marginatus and Cyprinus carpio. Other economic fishes catch in Citanduy river are Oreochromis niloticus, Osteochilus vittatus, O. mossambicus, Trichogaster trichopterus, Hemibragus nemurus, Hampala macrolepidota, Channa striata, Moolgarda seheli, and Glossogobius giurus. The fishing gears used by fishers are hooks and lines, cast nets, scope nets, traps, and gill nets. The inland capture fishery in Citanduy river is still a secondary sector for the interests of local government.The current condition of capture fisheries in Citanduy is not the main livelihood for fishers. The inland capture fisheries in Citanduy is still using a simple fishing gear and do not have more complex tools. Citanduy river has potential source of economic and protein food, particularly for local community. Regarding in these potential, management of environment could be the major domains in fisheries management. The policy of local government in handling non-selective fishing gear and restocking activity could be maintain the sustainable fish resources in Citanduy river.