Since the first description of nonverbal learning disorder (NLD) was published in 1967, much research has been conducted elucidating its key features, its neuroanatomical associations, and the assessment procedures essential to establishing a diagnosis and treatment plan. Although there is theoretical and empirical evidence supporting the validity of NLD, awareness of this disorder is lacking, arguably in large part due to its absence in any formal classification system. This chapter reviews the scientific literature that has given rise to our current conceptualization of NLD. Clinical practice considerations are discussed as related to its assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. These considerations are illustrated by a case study. The chapter continues with a discussion of issues in need of further research and the benefits of considering NLD in the context of the World Health Organization's classification system for describing health and health-related conditions. The chapter ends with a proposed definition of NLD.
