“Google and me together can read anything.” Online reading strategies to develop hypertext comprehension in ESL readers

If we are to build in our students, literacy skills relevant for the 21st century, reading classrooms need to take into account the changing nature of texts that our students are required to read in real-world contexts (Alexander & The Disciplined Reading and Learning Research Laboratory, 2012). This paper exhorts ESL teachers to use online texts or hypertexts, in addition to print textbooks, in the reading classroom. The use of hypertexts can increase the literacy participation of students by making reading authentic, and ensuring literacy skills they acquire more meaningful and productive (Coiro, Killi, & Castek, 2017). In the reading classroom where this research was located, it was observed that readers who scored low on reading comprehension tests based on print texts demonstrated higher levels of comprehension while performing on tests based on hypertexts. The study was conducted to identify the reading strategies used by these readers. It was found that ESL readers were able to overcome deficits in their prior knowledge (topic familiarity) and/or language proficiency by using specific reading and navigating strategies. This paper proposes that strategy training in the use of newer reading and navigating strategies might help develop online reading comprehension expertise and build independent reading habits in ESL readers.

The effectiveness of using metacognitive strategy to teach online reading comprehension for English Young Learners

This research aims to identify the effectiveness of using metacognitive strategy in teaching online descriptive text. Fifty students of the second year at MA Al-Istiqomah, Mojokerto were involved in this study. This research is One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Students’ reading achievement based on the minimum passing score and field notes were the instruments to get the data. The present study results in the implementation of metacognitive strategy improved the students’ skill in reading online descriptive text especially in ascertaining main idea, supporting idea and topic sentence. This showed the significant improvement of the students’ reading comprehension skills of an online descriptive text when implementing metacognitive strategy on their learning process. The finding of the present study is expected to be applicable in the online based class during this pandemic Covid -19.Keywords: online reading comprehension; descriptive texts; metacognitive strategy

Theoretical and Practical Concerns Regarding Digital Texts in Literacy Instruction

The role of literacy and learning is easily incorporated into many areas of using technology in the classroom. The purpose of this book chapter is to share results from a research study that provides a framework for teachers to develop their knowledge about open educational resources (OERs) as digital texts for developing students' disciplinary and literacy knowledge. Specifically addressed is how participants expressed their knowledge and understanding about using OERs to support their students' online reading comprehension skills (i.e., questioning, locating, evaluating, synthesizing, and communicating), along with recommendations for preparing students to become 21st century literate.

When the print meets the screen: Towards a model of L1 and L2 online reading comprehension

The spread of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has been changing literacy practices and activities. Consequently, the traditional view of literacy as the ability to read and write needs to be revised to encompass new forms of literacy called e-literacy, or “digital/silicon/electronic literacies” (Murray &amp; McPherson, 2006, p. 132) as well as “hyperreading” (Usó-Juan &amp; Ruiz-Madrid, 2009, p. 59). The members of the 21st century “global”, “fluid” and “networked” (Jewitt, 2008) societies engage in activities that the access to the WWW makes possible. The aim of the paper is to discuss print-based models of reading, identify similarities and differences between online and offline text comprehension, also with respect to the foreign/second language (L2) reading. Online texts entail the necessity to use different sets of skills and strategies which have to be incorporated into a model of electronic text comprehension. Suggestions as to what such a model might include, based on theoretical<br />underpinnings and empirical findings, are presented.

Investigating Pre-Service Early Childhood Education Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Competencies Regarding Digital Literacy Skills and Their Technology Attitudes and Usage

The integration of technology into education is a substantial issue for supporting and updating teachers&rsquo; professional development in today&rsquo;s world and bringing up digitally literate generations and well-educated human capital. Studies have shown that technology integration in education is a complex and multidimensional issue. TPACK transcends the triad of core knowledge types and comprises the basis for the effective integration of technology into teaching. Therefore, the present study sought to understand the contribution of the technology attitudes and usage, digital literacy skills, and online reading comprehension strategies in pre-service early childhood teachers&rsquo; TPACK competencies. The participants in the study were 481 voluntary pre-service early childhood teachers (female=398, male=83). The data were collected as a cross-sectional survey. The study findings revealed that pre-service teachers&rsquo; TPACK competencies are associated with their technology attitude and usage, digital literacy skills, and online reading comprehension strategies, as well as that the variables explained 38% of the variance. However, pre-service teachers&rsquo; grade level and GPA are not related to their self-reported TPACK competencies. These findings can be seen as signals of the necessity for theoretical knowledge and practice to be developed in pre-service teachers&rsquo; technology integration in education.

A MODEL OF AN ONLINE READING COMPREHENSION SUMMATIVE TEST FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS

ABSTRACT There is an emerging phenomenon in some universities including STKIP PGRI Jombang regarding a compelling need of a test that can replace the existing paper-and-pencil based reading comprehension test, which is conventional, impractical, and time consuming. To fulfill the need, a model of an online reading comprehension summative test was developed, involving a number of essential micro skills of reading. The design of the study was Educational Research and Development (R&D), involving 100 subjects in the try-out stage. The instruments used were interview guides and questionnaire. Based on the tryout analysis, the reliability was .779, in which thirty one items were categorized as valid items. For the ease of scoring and the balanced number of the indicators under interest, only 25 items were included in the model test. Based on the students’ questionnaire, more than 80% subjects responded positively. The final product of this research was a set of an online reading comprehension test kit that includes the blueprint, the test (in form of paper and screenshot of the online version), the answer key, and the instruction to access the online test. ABSTRAK Di beberapa universitas termasuk STKIP PGRI Jombang, muncul kebutuhan penting sebuah tes yang bisa menggantikan tes membaca berbasis paper-and-pencil sebelumnya yang konvensional, tidak praktis dan memakan banyak waktu. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tes yang bisa mengatasi masalah tersebut, dikembangkanlah sebuah model tes membaca sumatif online. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan, yang melibatkan 100 subjek dalam tahap try-out. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah interview guide dan kuesioner. Berdasarkan analisis butir soal, nilai alpha atau reliabilititas adalah 0.779. 31 butir soal dikategorikan sebagai butir soal yang valid. Untuk kemudahan penilaian dan keseimbangan jumlah indikator yang diinginkan, hanya 25 butir soal yang digunakan dalam model tes. Berdasarkan kuesioner mahasiswa, lebih dari 80% subjek merespon secara positif. Produk akhir dari penelitian ini adalah satu set online reading comprehension test yang meliputi kisi-kisi, tes (dalam bentuk kertas dan screenshot versi online), kunci jawaban dan instruksi untuk mengakses tes online. How to Cite: Sofa., Sulistyo, G.H. (2017). A Model of an Online Reading Comprehension Summative Test for College Students. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 4(2), 168-187. doi:10.15408/ijee.v4i2.8344