Recent advances in the synthesis of benzothiazole and its derivatives

Benzothiazoles have recognized pharmacophores in the field of research, predominantly in synthetic and medicinal chemistry, on account of their significant pharmaceutical properties. This important class of derivatives endows an extensive range of biological activities like anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antituberculosis, enzyme inhibitors, etc. Hence, various methodologies have been accomplished to synthesize benzothiazole compounds considering the purity, yield, and selectivity of the products. This review provides different reaction methods that are involved in the synthesis of a variety of benzothiazole derivatives.

Furanone-functionalized benzothiazole derivatives: synthesis, in vitro cytotoxicity, ADME, and molecular docking studies

In the present study, a novel series of new furanone-based benzothiazole derivatives (4a-j) were synthesized from 4-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid (3) as potential anticancer agents. In vitro cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines (A549, MCF7, and DUI45) revealed substantial activity. Di-substituted compound, 4i emerged as a promising anticancer compound which showed IC50 values of 7.2 ± 0.5, 6.6 ± 1.4, and 7.3 ± 0.1 µM against A549, MCF7, and DUI45 cell lines, respectively. Four compounds 4c, 4e, 4f, and 4i evaluated for their acute toxicity were found to be non-toxic on the two vital organs (liver and heart). Further, these compounds were found to be more efficient and less hepatotoxic in comparison to standard drug doxorubicin. Molecular docking studies carried out with VEGFR-2 revealed compounds 4a and 4i as potential VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors. In silico ADME evaluation was carried out to estimate and predict drug-likeness. Compound 4i demonstrated the best ADME parameters. Based on the results of docking analyses, ADME, and in vitro cytotoxicity, compound 4i is identified as the lead compound for further development of anticancer agents.

Synthesis and Characterization of Benzylidene Derivatives of Benzothiazole

A series of some novel benzothiazole derivatives were synthesized from the 2-(4-aminophenyl) benzothiazol-5-ol, which was synthesized by the Jacobson method using Lawesson’s reagent. Benzylidene derivatives (P201-P205) were synthesized by catalyzed condensation and acylation method,named as 2-(4-((4 hydroxybenzylidene)amino) phenyl) benzothiazole-5-ol (P201), 2-(4-((4- methoxybenzylidene) amino)phenyl)benzothiazole-5ol(P202),2-(4-((4-chlorobenzylidene) amino)phenyl)benzothiazole-5-ol(P203), (4-((furan-2-ylmethylene) amino)phenyl)benzothiazole-5-ol(P204), Dimethyl(4(5hydroxy benzothiazol2yl)phenyl)carbonimidodithioate(P205)The structures of the compounds were confirmed by NMR and IR spectral data.

Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial evaluation of novel benzothiazole clubbed acetamide derivatives

A novel series of mercapto benzothiazole derivatives clubbed through acetamide linkage was designed and synthesized which was subjected to antibacterial evaluation using gram positive bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli as gram negative strains. Some of the synthesized compounds showed their excellent antibacterial potential.