"Te:mos o serra cura::do, temos o ni:sa, temos o serpa do:p." Suggesting products to buy, shaping materiality and multisensoriality in shop encounters

Adopting the perspective of multimodal conversation analysis, the paper shows the methodic organization of an action, making suggestions, achieved by sellers in response to customers’ requests for recommendations in shop encounters, and involving the showing and listing of available products. This focus on a specific sequential environment and institutional ecology, enables an exemplary discussion of how this action is multimodally formatted, embedded in its context, and shaped in relation to objects as discursive referents as well as materialities to be pointed at, looked at, touched and sensed in multiple ways. More generally, this focus enables to address two sets of issues: on the one hand, it elucidates the nexus between action, institutionality and materiality, including the role of multisensoriality in engaging with the qualities of buyable objects. On the other hand, it addresses the nexus between action and referential practices for introducing and presenting new referents, within an interactional perspective locating these grammatical practices and their systematic features within their praxeological context. On the basis of video data recorded in a gourmet shop in Lisbon, Portugal, this double focus targets issues of sensoriality and socialization in food culture, as well as issues of grammar in interaction, casting some light on situated uses of the verb ter for introducing new referents. Keywords: Social Interaction; Shop Encounters; Multimodality and Multisensoriality.

Coronavirus Disease 2019, Superinfections, and Antimicrobial Development: What Can We Expect?

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) arose at a time of great concern about antimicrobial resistance (AMR). No studies have specifically assessed COVID-19–associated superinfections or AMR. Based on limited data from case series, it is reasonable to anticipate that an appreciable minority of patients with severe COVID-19 will develop superinfections, most commonly pneumonia due to nosocomial bacteria and Aspergillus. Microbiology and AMR patterns are likely to reflect institutional ecology. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial use is likely to be widespread among hospitalized patients, both as directed and empiric therapy. Stewardship will have a crucial role in limiting unnecessary antimicrobial use and AMR. Congressional COVID-19 relief bills are considering antimicrobial reimbursement reforms and antimicrobial subscription models, but it is unclear if these will be included in final legislation. Prospective studies on COVID-19 superinfections are needed, data from which can inform rational antimicrobial treatment and stewardship strategies, and models for market reform and sustainable drug development.

Sample-Selection Biases and the Historical Growth Pattern of Children

ABSTRACTBodenhorn et al. (2017) have sparked considerable controversy by arguing that the fall in adult stature observed in military samples in the United States and Britain during industrialization was a figment of selection on unobservables in the samples. While subsequent papers have questioned the extent of the bias (Komlos and A’Hearn 2019; Zimran 2019), there is renewed concern about selection bias in historical anthropometric datasets. Therefore, this article extends Bodenhorn et al.’s discussion of selection bias on unobservables to sources of children’s growth, specifically focusing on biases that could distort the age pattern of growth. Understanding how the growth pattern of children has changed is important because these changes underpinned the secular increase in adult stature and are related to child stunting observed in developing countries today. However, there are significant sources of unobserved selection in historical datasets containing children’s and adolescents’ height and weight. This article highlights, among others, three common sources of bias: (1) positive selection of children into secondary school in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; (2) distorted height by age profiles created by age thresholds for enlistment in the military; and (3) changing institutional ecology that determines to which institutions children are sent. Accounting for these biases adjusts the literature in two ways: evidence of a strong pubertal growth spurt in the nineteenth century is weaker than formerly acknowledged and some long-run analyses of changes in children’s growth are too biased to be informative, especially for Japan.

Boundary-Drawing around the Proper

This chapter draws on the musical biographies of the young people in this study to map out the ‘institutional ecology’ of youth classical music in England. Music conservatoires and exam boards, many established during the late Victorian period, were influential in consecrating classical music as more valuable than other genres by institutionalizing musical standards. During the 1880s and 1890s, these institutions served a demand for training ‘respectable’ middle-class femininity and reinforcing boundaries between middle and working classes. The chapter concludes by examining how this boundary-drawing around the ‘proper’ was reproduced by young people in this study today through ideas of what counted as ‘serious’ or ‘proper’ music. Such taste boundaries work to safeguard classical music’s privileged status in education and funding and reinforce its association with valued class identities.

MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT USAHA KECIL MENENGAH (UKM) DI KAWASAN EKS LOKALISASI DOLLY SURABAYA

This research was intended to identify community empowerment program for the ex “Dolly” localization, Surabaya to the development of empowerment models which are effective for the affected communities of the localization. The closure of the localization of in surabaya (and some other cities) left behind problems on the affected communities (fuel price hike worried investors localization of extricating a person who begins) who termarginalyze from the economic life of cause have lost employment opportunities. Needed capable of bridge empowerment intermediate profession affected communities on a new job in normal life.Empowerment is the provision of capacity to target that can and able to solve the matter in more independent. Public empowerment be able run well and be more successful if the group seen as collective the community target. On that perspective be related to be concerned with community ecology context, where success empowerment also determinated by intervation of the concerned with character of society. Institutional ecology perspective allows the development of partisipatori of subjects in empowerment process. The research is qualitative study was conducted within the framework of post positivist paradigm. Approach that is used is phenomenology, intented capturing reality and meaning, and reveal that is behind the empowerment process to the people who affected communities of the cover-up were “Dolly” localization. The results of the analysis data expected to model empowerment to develop effective in the localization affected communities in particular. Keywords: Empowerment, Institutional Community Ecology, Closured, Localization