Side-by-side comparison of parent vs. technician-collected respiratory swabs in low-income, multilingual, urban communities in the United States

Background Home-based swabbing has not been widely used. The objective of this analysis was to compare respiratory swabs collected by mothers of 7–12-year-olds living in low-income, multilingual communities in the United States with technician collected swabs. Methods Retrospective data analysis of respiratory samples collected at home by mothers compared to technicians. Anterior nasal and throat specimens collected using flocked swabs were combined in dry tubes. Test was done using TaqMan array cards for viral and bacterial pathogens. Cycle threshold (Ct) values of ribonuclease P (RNP) gene were used to assess specimen quality. Ct < 40 was interpreted as a positive result. Concordance of pathogen yield from mother versus technician collected swabs were analyzed using Cohen’s Kappa coefficients. Correlation analysis, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired samples were used for RNP Ct values. Results We enrolled 36 households in Cincinnati (African American) and 44 (predominately Chinese or Latino) in Boston. In Cincinnati, eight of 32 (25%) mothers did not finish high school, and 11 (34%) had finished high school only. In Boston, 13 of 44 (30%) mothers had less than a high school diploma, 23 (52%) had finished high school only. Mother versus technician paired swabs (n = 62) had similar pathogen yield (paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test p-values = 0.62 and 0.63, respectively; 95% confidence interval of the difference between the two measurements = − 0.45–0.75). Median Ct value for RNP was 22.6 (interquartile range, IQR = 2.04) for mother-collected and 22.4 (IQR = 2.39) for technician-collected swabs (p = 0.62). Agreement on pathogen yield between samples collected by mothers vs. technicians was higher for viruses than for bacterial pathogens, with high concordance for rhinovirus/enterovirus, human metapneumovirus, and adenovirus (Cohen’s kappa coefficients ≥80%, p < 0.0001). For bacterial pathogens, concordance was lower to moderate, except for Chlamydia pneumoniae, for which kappa coefficient indicated perfect agreement. Conclusion Mothers with a range of education levels from low-income communities were able to swab their children equally well as technicians. Home-swabbing using dry tubes, and less invasive collection procedures, could enhance respiratory disease surveillance.

Effectiveness of High-intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Therapy of Solid and Complex Benign Thyroid Nodules – A Long-term Follow up Two-center Study

Purpose To investigate the effectiveness of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) of solid and complex benign thyroid nodules. Methods Fifty-eight patients with benign thyroid nodules were treated with HIFU at two centers from 2014–2019. The device, EchoPulse (Teraclion, Malakoff, France), heats the nodes to 80–90 °C. Nodal volumes were measured by ultrasound at regular intervals before and up to 12 months after therapy. In a retrospective long-term two-center study, average volume reductions in relation to baseline volume were statistically analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Side effects were documented. Results In solid nodules, the average percent volume reductions at the 3, 6, 9, and 12-months follow-up were 49.98%, 46.40%, 65.77%, and 63.88%, respectively. The results were significant with p<0.05 in the Wilcoxon signed-rank test at the 3, 6, and 9-months follow-up. In complex nodules, the average percent volume reduction was 35.2% at 3 months, 36.89% at 6 months, and 63.64% at twelve months follow up. The results were significant with p<0.05 in the Wilcoxon signed-rank test at the 3- and 6-months follow-up. The complication rate was 5.2%. All complications occurred in patients with solid nodules. Conclusion The study showed that HIFU is an effective treatment method for both solid and complex nodules. The complication rate is relatively high at 5.2%. No long-term complications occurred. The solid nodules responded better to HIFU than complex nodules.

IMPLEMENTASI WILCOXON SIGNED RANK TEST UNTUK MENGUKUR EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN VIDEO TUTORIAL DAN PPT UNTUK MENGUKUR NILAI TEORI

Mata pelajaran komputer dan jaringan dasar merupakan mata pelajaran wajib C2 di SMK4 Tasikmalaya, terutama untuk jurusan Teknik Komputer Jaringan dan Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak. Pemberian video tutorial dan materi berupa power point text digunakan untuk mengukur seberapa efektif dan berpa nilai kenaikannya ketika setelah diberikan video tutorial serta materi power point text dengan menggunakan pretest sebagai nilai awal dan pottest sebagai nilai akhir setelah diberikan treatment berupa video tutorial dan power point text. Sampel peneltian ini adalah kelas X sebanyak 31 peserta didik, metode yang digunakan menggunakan One-Group pretest-posttest Design dengan pretest dan posttest yaitu mengerjakan soal pilihan ganda sebanyak 20 soal. serta analisis data dan uji hipotesis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah nilai pretest rata-ratanya adalah 66.29 dan rata-rata nilai posttest adalah 94.16 sesudah diberikan materi berupa video tutorial dan power point text dan sangat efektif dikarenakan H1 diterima yaitu hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukan nilai Asymp. Sig nya adalah 0.0 kurang dari 0.5 yaitu terdapat perbedaan nilai pretest dan posttest pada mata pelajaran komputer dan jaringan dasar serta terdapat kenaikan nilai dengan mengguanakan uji gain ternormalisasi yaitu sebesar 0.96 yang dikategorikan tinggi.

Experimental Programming of Genetic Algorithms for the “Casse-Tête” Problem

The Casse-tête board puzzle consists of an n×n grid covered with n^2 tokens. m&lt;n^2 tokens are deleted from the grid so that each row and column of the grid contains an even number of remaining tokens. The size of the search space is exponential. This study used a genetic algorithm (GA) to design and implement solutions for the board puzzle. The chromosome representation is a matrix of binary permutations. Variants for two crossover operators and two mutation operators were presented. The study experimented with and compared four possible operator combinations. Additionally, it compared GA and simulated annealing (SA)-based solutions, finding a 100% success rate (SR) for both. However, the GA-based model was more effective in solving larger instances of the puzzle than the SA-based model. The GA-based model was found to be considerably more efficient than the SA-based model when measured by the number of fitness function evaluations (FEs). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test confirms a significant difference among FEs in the two models (p=0.038).

Efektivitas Teknik Modeling Konseling Kelompok untuk Perilaku Moral, Karakter dan Rasa Hormat Siswa terhadap Guru

Kekerasan dan tindakan anarkis, pencurian, tindakan curang, pengabaian terhadap aturan yang berlaku, tawuran antar peserta didik, ketidaktoleranan, penggunaan bahasa yang tidak baik, perilaku bebas, dan sikap perusakan diri merupakan bentuk-bentuk dari bergesernya perilaku moral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan konseling kelompok dengan teknik modeling untuk meningkatkan perilaku moral, karakter dan rasa hormat siswa terhadap guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif bersifat quasi eksperimental design dengan jenis One-group pretest- posttest design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMA Al-Ishlah Pontianak yang berjumlah 70 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah skala karakter dan rasa hormat serta data dari hasil konseling kelompok dengan menggunakan Teknik modeling untuk meningkatkan perilaku moral. Data yang terkumpul kemudian di analisis dengan analisis Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test melalui bantuan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konseling kelompok dengan Teknik modeling lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan perilaku moral, karakter dan rasa hormat siswa pada guru. Hasil ini dapat dilihat dari nilai Z yang diperoleh sebesar -2,810 dengan p value (Asymp. Sig 2 tailed) sebesar 0,005 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah diberikannya konseling kelompok dengan Teknik modeling.

Analisis Komparatif Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI) Sebelum dan Saat Implementasi Kebijakan Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) di Indonesia

<p>This study aims to determine the comparison of the Islamic stock index before and during the implementation of the PPKM policy in Indonesia. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach. The data in this study are secondary data that comes from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The research population is companies that are included in the Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI). The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to test the research hypothesis. The results show that there is an increase in the sharia stock index during the implementation of the PPKM policy and there is a significant difference between the sharia stock index before and during the implementation of the PPKM policy.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci: S</strong>aham syariah; Indeks saham; PPKM; ISSI</p>

Pengembangan Game Kognitif Proaktif Sebagai Metode Edukasi Pernikahan Dini pada Remaja

AbstrakPernikahan dini menjadi suatu fenomena yang mempunyai dampak yang kompleks dan Indonesia menjadi ranking kedua di ASIA setelah Kamboja. Salah satu faktor penyebab penikahan dini adalah kurang nya pengetahuan masyarakat khususnya remaja tentang pernikahan dini. Sehingga perlu adanya metode edukasi yang tepat bagi remaja untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan pernikahan dini. Metode edukasi game kognitif proaktif merupakan salah satu cara pendekatan edukasi kesehatan reproduksi dan seksualitas pada remaja. Prinsip kognitif proaktif adalah dilakuakan dengan mengajak pemuda berpartisipasi menyebutkan hal postif dan negatif tentang pernikahan dini pada pemuda secara proaktif, sampai bisa menyimpulkan sendiri masalah tersebut itu baik atau tidak jika dilakukan oleh pemuda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan game kognitif proaktif yang digunakan sebagai metode edukasi dampak pernikahan dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain Pre experiment design dengan one grup pre test – post test, dengan uji statistic non parametrik Wilcoxon signed rank test serta jumlah subyek sebanyak 35. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengatahuan yang signifikan yaitu sebesar 34,17 setelah dilakukan game kognitif proaktif pada subyek. Hasil Analisa menunjukan game kognitifif proaktif efektif sebagai metode edukasi dampak pernikahan dini pada remaja dengan nilai p = 0,001 (<0,005).Kata Kunci : Game Kognitif Proaktif, pernikahan dini

Experience in the implementation of the programme of psychological correction of emotional states of disabled convicts

The article presents the results of the verification of the programme of psychological correction of the emotional states of disabled convicts, developed on the basis of a “time” approach and including three main blocks “Past”, “Present” and “Future”. The study involved 68 convicts serving sentences in a maximum security correctional colony (20 people with a disability group and 48 people without a disability). Evaluation of emotional states was carried out using the following methods – TOBOL (Lyudvig Vasserman, Aleksandr Vuks, Boris Iovlev, El'vira Karpova), State-Trate Anxiety Inventory by Charles Spielberger (in Juri Hanin's adaptation), Differential Emotions Scale by Carroll Ellis Izard, the questionnaires of the need for achievement for communication (by Yuri Orlov), the test of frustration reactions (by Saul Rosenzweig).The dynamics of changes in emotional states during the psychocorrectional programme was assessed using the SHPANA technique (Yevgeniy Osin). Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Friedman test, cluster analysis were used for statistical analysis. The results of the verification indicate the effectiveness of the psychological correction programme based on the “time” approach, with disabled convicts serving sentences in a correctional colony. The participants in the experimental group showed positive changes in the dynamics of positive affect. The data also substantiated the need to use an individually differentiated approach in correcting the emotional states of persons with a disability group.

Pengaruh Pendidikan Protokol Kesehatan Pada Sikap Ibu Usia Produktif Dalam Kehidupan “New Normal” Untuk Pencegahan Penyebaran Covid 19

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit peradangan paru yang disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2. Ibu usia produktif tercatat sebagai salah satu kelompok rentan resiko terinfeksi COVID-19 hal ini disebabkan karena terjadinya perubahan fisiologi pada ibu mengakibatkan penurunan kekebalan parsial. Terdapat upaya pencegahan untuk meminimalisir penularan COVID-19 yaitu dengan mematuhi protokol kesehatan, protokol kesehatan ini berupa : mencuci tangan, memakai masker, membatasi mobilisasi, menjaga jarak, menjauhi kerumunan serta pemenuhan nutrisi untuk meningkatkan sistem imun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan protokol kesehatan covid-19 pada sikap ibu usia produktif dalam kehidupan “new normal” untuk pencegahan penyebaran covid 19 di desa Jatinom Kecamatan Kanigoro Kabupaten Blitar. metode penelitian ini adalah One Group Pretest Postest design. Populasi penelitian ini 15 orang, teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 15 orang. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan kuisioner. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan Wilcoxon Seigned Rank Test. Hasil penelitian sebelum diberikan pendidikan protocol kesehatan didapatkan 0% sikap dengan pengetahuan kategori kurang, 80% pengetahuan dengan kategori cukup, 20% sikap dengan kategori baik. Setelah diberikan pendidikan protokol kesehatan didapatkan 0% sikap dengan kategori kurang, 0% sikap dengan kategori cukup, 100% sikap dengan kategori baik. Berdasarkan uji statistic Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test didapatkan p value = 0.001, sehingga p value = 0.001 < α = 0.05 yang berarti menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pendidikan protokol kesehatan tentang pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 terhadap sikap ibu usia produktif

PROPOSED KITCHEN DESIGN FOR COMPLYING ELDERLY NEEDS

29 Million elderly had accidents during 2014, and caused 29 thousand of death in 2016. Once of the biggest potential risk for elderly is a kitchen. It caused nursing home, needs to be more consent in designing kitchen for elderly. The purpose of this research was to design comfort kitchen for elderly by using design thinking approach. Design thinking utilized voice of customer to made a decision. It has an excessed as prototype redundant test to gain the voice of customers. Based on the customer needs, this research designed a kitchen with some racks near the dishwasher, applied some handrails in several places, sitting place to wash the dish and to cook, applied a food storage. Kitchen designed without any stairs and create a storage to placing the walker. This proposed design was tested by Wilcoxon signed-rank test to prove the differences the new design with the precedence design