A Short Review on Application of Liquisolid Technology

In this paper we have surveyed about formulation and evaluation of Liquisolid formulations and its work in antidiabetics . Mostly poorly water soluble drugs are in research category despite of less dissolution rate and poor bioavailability. Solubility is a vital parameter to develop new formulation as industries faced serious issue regarding the poor aqueous solubility of the drugs. Various methods for solubility enhancement include modifications of the drug, involvement of co-solvents, complexation, salt formation, size reduction. A propitious technique to solve major challenges like solubility, dissolution rate and their bioavailability. This technique can be defined as the conversion of poorly soluble liquid medications into non-adherent, dry, compressible and free flowing powder mixtures with help of excipients. Many anti-diabetic drugs are belonging to BCS Class-II facing challenges like solubility and bioavailability.

Novel Nanoproniosomal Vesicular carriers for the effective and efficient Drug Delivery: Fundamentals, Recent Advancements and Applications

Nanotechnology is an emerging technology that has brought the upheaval reforms in the domain of pharmaceutical sciences including the development of nanovesicular drug delivery carriers such as proniosomes, niosomes, liposomes, ethosomes, etc. Among them, proniosomes become superior and they surmount the problems of other vesicular carriers. Proniosomes are nano-sized vesicular structures of dry, free-flowing powder (or) gel with encapsulation of drugs in the vesicle that produce multilamellar niosomal dispersion after hydration and they possess the capacity to enhance solubility, permeability and bioavailability of diverse drugs. Proniosomes are suitable to deliver the drugs efficiently through transdermal route to accomplish controlled release action, increased therapeutic effectiveness to various diseases and upon application to the skin, the proniosmes are modified into niosomes in situ by hydration of water from the skin. This study aims to discuss different aspects of proniosomes such as merits, mechanism, types, components, preparation, characterization, drug release, market scenario, future trends and to explore proniosomes for various pharmaceutical applications in drug delivery via different routes, such as topical, transdermal, oral, parenteral, ocular, vaginal, nebulizer and intranasal routes. These proniosomes-derived niosomes are better and may offer an excellent, inexpensive alternative delivery, much more beneficial than other vesicular and conventional dosage forms.

Self microemulsifying powder using Aerosil as a carrier

This investigation highlighted the development of a solid self micro emulsifying drug delivery system (solid SMEDDS) for improved oral delivery of Valsartan. Liquid SMEDDS were formulated and then the liquid formulation was transformed into free-flowing powder by adsorption on a solid carrier. Here the formulations were prepared in various ratios of the drug to the excipients. Various evaluation studies were performed. In-vitro release profiles of all formulations were evaluated. The concentration of the diffused drug was measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer at λmax= 250 nm. The faster dissolution was exhibited by the formulations containing Avicel. The experimental results for prepared solid-SMEDDS showed the improved dissolution of the study drug in a short time. F-3 (Assay:77%; Dissolution: 51.7% after 45 min, 63% after 60 min) and F-4 (Assay:63%; Dissolution: 49.1% after 45 min, 67% after 60 min) showed better evaluation study and this two might be formulated in future. Thus, this study revealed the formulation solid-SMEDDS using Aerosil 200 as an adsorbent with the potential of enhancing the solubility, and dissolution rate of the drug. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(2), 141-146, 2021

A Review on Microsphere

The microsphere is having free-flowing powder properties that are incorporate proteins and synthetic or natural polymer. This polymer is biodegradable in nature and particle size having less than 200 µm. Advanced drug delivery system has various advantages over the mainstream multi dose therapy. The microsphere's drug delivery systems are acceptable for attained delay or sustained release formulation with minimum risk of dose repeatability and small gastric habitation time. The present review provides a complete discussion of therapeutic aspects of the microsphere drug delivery system into deliberation of the required area for microparticulate, types of polymers used, method of preparation, type of microspheres in detail, parameters & targeting of microspheres & practical aspects of microspheres. Keywords: Microspheres, bioavailability, types, classification, ideal properties, evaluation, etc.

Development and Evaluation of a Reconstitutable Dry Suspension Containing Isoniazid for Flexible Pediatric Dosing

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of childhood death. Despite the startling statistics, it is neglected globally as evidenced by treatment and clinical care schemes, mostly extrapolated from studies in adults. The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate a reconstitutable dry suspension (RDS) containing isoniazid, a first-line anti-tubercular agent used in the treatment and prevention of TB infection in both children and adults. The RDS formulation was prepared by direct dispersion emulsification of an aqueous-lipid particulate interphase coupled with lyophilization and dry milling. The RDS appeared as a cream-white free-flowing powder with a semi-crystalline and microparticulate nature. Isoniazid release was characterized with an initial burst up to 5 minutes followed by a cumulative release of 67.88% ± 1.88% (pH 1.2), 60.18% ± 3.33% (pH 6.8), and 49.36% ± 2.83% (pH 7.4) over 2 h. An extended release at pH 7.4 and 100% drug liberation was achieved within 300 min. The generated release profile best fitted the zero order kinetics (R2 = 0.976). RDS was re-dispersible and remained stable in the dried and reconstituted states over 4 months and 11 days respectively, under common storage conditions.

Dry hydrated potassium carbonate for effective CO2 capture

Dry hydrated potassium carbonate (DHPC), a free-flowing powder, has a CO2 uptake up to 233 mg g−1 (90% saturation uptake within 13 min) and excellent cycling performance.

Design and Evaluation of Telmisartan SMEDDS for Enhancing Solubility and Dissolution Rate

Telmisartan belongs to a BCS class II drug i.e. low solubility and high permeability. It is an angiotensin II type-I receptor blocker essentially used for the treatment and curing of hypertension. The critical problem facing with telmisartan as it shows low solubility in biological fluids which results into less bioavailability after oral administration. The aim of the present work is to enhance the solubility, dissolution rate of telmisartan by formulating an optimal SMEDDS formulation. SMEDDS were prepared by admixing method using Peceol and Captex 200 as oil phases. Labrafil M2125 as surfactant and Transcutol and plurololeique as co-surfactants. Later they obtained liquid SMEDDS were converted in to free flowing powder using adsorbent like Aerosil 200. All the SMEDDS formulations were found to be stable and they were further evaluated for physical parameters such as phase separation, particle size and drug content. The formulation CT1 with oil to co-surfactant ratio 1:1 respectively showed highest rate of dissolution than the other ratios. The drug, excipients and optimized formulation were subjected to characterization studies such as FTIR and DSC studies shown that there were no interactions between drug and excipients used.

MECHANOCHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF TRIKLABENDAZOL TO OBTAIN AN EFFECTIVE DRUG AGAINST FACTIOLESIS

To study the possibility of increasing the solubility of the substance triclabendazole (TCB), we used the technology of mechanochemical modification of TCB using water-soluble polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and arabinogalactan (AG) from Siberian larch Larix sibirica in particular. After joint machining of TCB with polymers (PVP, AG) in a LE-101 ball mill (made in Hungary), free flowing powder dispersions with an increased solubility (more than 50 times as compared to the original substance TCB) were obtained. This result was explained by the formation of intermolecular complexes of the type of hydrogen bond between the characteristic groups of TCB and polymers, which was confirmed by the data of IR-spectral studies. Tests of intermolecular complexes on spontaneously fasciola-infected sheep have shown high efficiency. As a result of the research, it was found that the complex of TCB: AG composition (1:9), which we named “triclafascid”, possesses a number of positive attributes in comparison with the substance of TCB and provides high fasciolocid and economic efficacy, and safety of use by reducing the therapeutic dose. Inclusion of arabinogalactan, which has hepatoprotective, antimutagenic, mitogenic, gastroprotective properties, in the preparation, made it possible to reduce the toxicity of the preparation proposed for practice. It was shown that residual amounts of TCB and its metabolites were not detected in tissues and organs on the 14th day of the experiment with triclafascid, which indicates the possibility of slaughtering an animal and using meat 14 days after using the drug. The drug has good solubility, bioavailability to helminthes, is non-toxic, and increases antihelminthic and economic efficiency. The obtained results confirmed the previously obtained data on the prospects of an innovative approach to improve the quality indicators of anthelmintic drugs and to obtain effective drugs for veterinary medicine.

Impact of Temperature, Gum Arabic and Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Some Physical Properties of Spray-Dried Grapefruit

Spray-dried fruit powder may be an interesting alternative for the purposes of promoting fruit consumption among consumers. The use of carrier agents is especially necessary for the production of spray-dried fruit powders. As they may affect some physical properties of the powder, it is important to adjust the amount at which they have to be added to the minimum in order to achieve the necessary effects. The final aim of the study was to identify the most suitable atomization temperature, as well as the optimal concentration of gum Arabic (GA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to be used as carriers, in order to obtain grapefruit powder with the maximum dry matter yield (DMY) and porosity, the minimum water content and, simultaneously, with suitable color characteristics. The results of the study don’t recommend the use of CMC and suggest that the best color, the one that corresponds to a free-flowing powder, corresponds to a very luminous one, low in chroma and with a hue that is much more yellow than reddish orange.