Penyuluhan mengenai bahaya "Kecacingan" di TPA Al Ikhlas Polri, Jatisampurna, Bekasi

Worms infection disease is a health problem often found in the world and Indonesia. Worms’ infection disease commonly found in Indonesia and which infected children are caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris Trichiura, and Enterobius vermicularis. One of the children affected by worms is often playing with the ground because of the habit. Al Ikhlas School’s Polri in Jatisampurna Bekasi consists of pre-primary and elementary schools that have never received counseling about the dangers of worms’ infection. This activity aims to educate children about the dangers of worms’ infection. The method used is through filling out questionnaires, counseling, media posters, and handwashing demonstrations. The activity was attended by 21 with 81% had experienced worms’ infection disease and 19% had never have experienced worms’ disease, and 85,71 % understood about knowledge of worms’ infection disease and 14,29 did not understand. The counseling provided included egg and adult worms, the cause of worms’ disease infection, how to get infections, the danger of infection, and prevent infection.

The Prediction Number of Smear Acid Resistant Bacteria on Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Infection Disease at Madiun City in 2021 to 2025

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Bacillus. The disease spreads in the air when people contract TB bacteria, such as coughing or sneezing. The lack of ability to anticipate the incidence of Acid Resistant Bacteria Positive Pulmonary TB in Madiun City is affected by the time and number of events that have not been appropriately foreseen. There is no map of regional vulnerability based on the time of occurrence. Hence, the incidence of Acid Resistant Bacteria Positive Pulmonary TB in Madiun city increases, determined by the total number of cases in 6 health centers, seven hospitals, and one prison. In 2015, there were 174 cases, then in 2019, 706 cases. The objective of this study is to predict the number of Acid Resistant Bacteria Positive Pulmonary TB suffering in 2021-2025 based on gender, health centers, and prisons in Madiun City and the overall incidence of cases in 2015-2019 is then foreseen in 2021 to 2025. This type of research is descriptive study research by employing Eviews with the ARIMA method. The population and samples in the study were all data of Acid Resistant Bacteria Positive Pulmonary TB case encompassing the sex of patients during 2015-2019 in Madiun City. The study aimed to predict the incidence of Acid Resistant Bacteria Positive Pulmonary TB in 2021-2025. The results of this study revealed the projection of Acid Resistant Bacteria Positive Pulmonary TB cases based on gender, health centers, hospitals, and prisons in Madiun City from 2020-2025, which experienced an increasing trend with the number of 933, 992, 1063, 1120, 1190 incidences respectively. This study is recommended for relevant agencies or health services to perform preventive efforts by involving trained policymakers and Health Cadis, particularly in preventing TB disease and reducing the high rate of predicting positive pulmonary TB smear incidences in the future.

Booster vaccines protect hamsters with waning immunity from Delta VOC infection, disease, and transmission

Waning immunity to COVID-19 vaccination is associated with increased risk of breakthrough infection, especially with highly transmissible variants of concern (VOC). Booster vaccination generates rapid immune recall in humans, which real-world observational studies suggest protects against VOC infection and associated disease, and modeling studies suggest could mitigate community spread. We directly tested the impact of booster vaccination on protection against Delta VOC infection, disease, and transmission to naive cohorts in golden Syrian hamsters. Animals with waning immunity to bnt162b2 generated rapid immune recall and strong protection against upper- and lower-respiratory tract infection when boosted with bnt126b2, mRNA-1273 or AZD1222. Boosting with either mRNA vaccine generated moderate protection against lung inflammation and virus transmission to unvaccinated animals. Our data support booster vaccination as a tool to address emerging VOC in the COVID-19 pandemic.

COVID-19 and RAAS inhibitors: is there a final conclusion?

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the first pandemic caused by a human infecting coronavirus, has drawn global attention from the first time it appeared in Wuhan city of China in late December 2019. Detection of the responsible viral pathogen, named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by WHO, and its possible pathogenesis lead to the forming of many hypotheses about the factors that may affect the patients’ outcome. One of the SARS-CoV-2 infection concerns was the potential role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) in COVID-19 patients’ morbidity and mortality. Studies demonstrated that because SARS-CoV-2 uses human ACE2 cell receptors as an entry receptor to invade the cells, there might be an association between antihypertensive drugs such as RAAS inhibitors (specifically ACEIs and ARBs) and the COVID-19 disease. Data are scarce and conflicting regarding ACEI or ARB consumption and how it influences disease outcomes, and a single conclusion has not been reached yet. According to the literature review in our article, the most evidentially supported theory about the use of RAAS inhibitors in COVID-19 is that these medications, including ACEI/ARB, are not associated with the increased risk of infection, disease severity, and patient prognosis. However, further studies are needed to support the hypothesis.

USE OF "INTRAFEN" IN MILD TO MODERATE COVID-19

Повышение температуры тела человека-это своеобразная реакция на воздействие какого-либо агента и/или возбудителя, попавшего в организм человека. При каких-либо инфекционных заболеваниях в организме человека повышается температура тела человека. Также в настоящее время повышение температуры тела при распространенной коронавирусной инфекции является одним из симптомов заболевания. Цель: в нашей статье мы хотели бы рассмотреть клиническую ситуацию с больными COVID-19 и отметить, что был проведен ряд наблюдений и анализов для оценки эффективности и безопасности применения препарата «Интрафен» с целью снятия повышенной температуры, что дает положительный эффект лекарственного средства. Материалы и методы: рекомендовать пациентам с симптомами заболевания короновирусной инфекцией легкой и средней тяжести, С целью снижения повышенной температуры тела, противовоспалительного и улучшения общего состояния пациента, что мы достигнем положительного результата путем введения препарата интрафен в Вену. Результат: на основании анамнезных данных, полученных от больного, результатов клинических, лабораторных, инструментальных исследований выявлено эффективное действие препарата интрафен. Вывод: пациентам легкой и средней тяжести, перенесшим короновирусную инфекцию, можно увидеть, что введение препарата интрафен в Вену эффективно влияет на кратковременное снижение повышенной температуры тела, противовоспалительное действие, улучшение общего состояния больного. An increase in a person's body temperature is a self-contained response to the action of some agent and/or pathogen that has entered the body. With any infectious diseases in the human body, a person's body temperature increases. In addition, with the current coronavirus infection, an increase in body temperature is one of the symptoms of the disease. Purpose: in our article, we would like to consider the clinical situation of patients with COVID-19 and draw attention to the fact that a number of observations and analyses were carried out to assess the effectiveness and safety of using the drug "Intrafen" in order to relieve elevated fever. Materials and methods: in order to reduce elevated body temperature, anti-inflammatory and improve the general condition of the patient, to suggest that we will achieve a positive result by injecting the drug intrafen into the vein in patients with mild to moderate severity with symptoms of coronavirus infection disease. Result: based on Anamnesis data obtained from the patient, the results of Clinical, Laboratory, and instrumental studies, the effective effect of intrafen was determined. Conclusion: by injecting the drug intrafen into the vein in patients of mild and moderate severity who have had a Coronavirus infection, it can be seen that it has an effective effect on the short-term reduction of elevated body temperature, anti-inflammatory effect, improvement of the general condition of the patient.

Predictive hematological and immunological parameters associated with postpartum progressed Covid-19 disease

Background: In pregnancy, Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection disease may be more severe due to existingphysiological changes. Similarly, changes during and after birth can make the patient more subceptible. Objective: To investigate possible laboratory findings that was related to postpartum progression of COVID-19 disease. Methods: Pregnant women who are pregnant at 28 weeks or more and who are COVID-19 positive at the time of delivery were investigated in this study. Progressed post- delivery and non-progressed COVID-19 positive pregnants’ laboratory findings were analyzed. Hematological and immunological parameters associated with postpartum progressed COVID-19 disease were evaluated. Results: Totally 151 individuals were conducted to the study. In the prenatal analysis, higher BMI and lower albumin levels were detected in the progressed group (p<0.05). In the postpartum analysis; White Blood Cell, lymphocyte and albumin were increased, while neutrophil, NLR, LDH, CK, D-DIMER, Ferritin, CRP and IL-6 were decreased in the non-progressed group as opposite of the progressed group (p<005). Conclusion: We observed that prenatal low albumin and high BMI may be related to progression of the COVID-19 disease after delivery. In progressed group, inflammatory markers were increased after delivery while in non-progressed group they were improved. These markers may be warning for the postpartum progression of COVID-19 disease. Keywords: COVID-19; delivery; albumin; neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; pregnancy.

The Environmental Factors Associated With Fatigue of Frontline Nurses in the Infection Disease Nursing Unit

The workload in the Infection Disease Nursing Unit (IDNU) is increasing dramatically due to COVID-19, and leads to the prevalence of fatigue among the frontline nurses, threatening their health, and safety. The built environment and design could fundamentally affect the fatigue of nurses for a long-term perspective. This article aims to extract the environmental factors of IDNU and explore nurses' perceptions of these factors on the work-related fatigue. It would produce evidences for mitigating the fatigue by environmental interferons. A cross-sectional design was employed by combination of focus group interview and written survey. Environmental factors of IDNU were collected from healthcare design experts (n = 8). Nurses (n = 64) with frontline COVID-19 experiences in IDNU were recruited to assess these factors individually. Four environmental factors were identified as: Nursing Distance (ND), Spatial Crowdness (SC), Natural Ventilation, and Light (NVL), and Spatial Privacy (SP). Among them, ND was considered as the most influential factor on the physical fatigue, while SP was on the psychological fatigue. Generally, these environmental factors were found to be more influential on the physical fatigue than the psychological fatigue. Technical titles were found to be associated with the nurses' perceptions of fatigue by these environmental factors. Nurse assistant and practical nurse were more likely to suffer from the physical fatigue by these factors than senior nurse. The result indicated that environmental factors of IDNU were associated with the nurses' fatigue, particularly on the physical aspect. Environmental interventions of design could be adopted to alleviate the fatigue by these factors such as reducing the ND and improving the spatial privacy. The accurate interventional measures should be applied to fit nurses' conditions due to their technical titles. More attention should be given to the low-ranking nurses, who account for the majority and are much vulnerable to the physical fatigue by environmental factors.

Clinical determinants of coronavirus disease COVID-19 manifestation

The article presents the review of modern publications on the assessment of the factors which have impact on susceptibility, clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 infection. Statistical data on rate of increased blood pressure and adverse clinical signs of infection disease in different populations are shown. The important role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as functional cellular receptor for coronavirus and its participation in multiple systemic manifestations of COVID-19 are presented. The mechanisms of damage effects of cigarette smoking in virus pneumonia have been described. According to literature data, the relationship between metabolic disorders related to obesity and risk of severe coronavirus course is emphasized. From a pathophysiological point of view, an explanation is given for the occurrence of threatening complications in patients with a new coronavirus infection in the presence of diabetes mellitus — massive lung damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome, prothrombotic condition, venous and arterial thrombosis.

Microbial Pattern and Antibiotic Sensitivity Test Among Eye Infection Patients at Bali Mandara Eye Hospital Bali

Infection disease of the eye usually found in health care facilities and can caused by viral,bacterial, parasite and fungi. Bali Mandara Eye Hospital was special hospital for eye disease in Bali. In this hospital infection disease of the eye dominated by bacterial conjunctivitis, viral conjunctivitis, corneal ulver, and endophtalmitis. This study was a restropective descriptive study using patient who are take eye secret culture in Bali Mandara Eye Hospital and sample were take from 2019 till 2020 It can be seen that was found seven microba and dominated disease was corneal ulcer 26 sample (86%) followed by endophtalmitis 4 sample (14%). The most microba were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa found resistant in almost antibiotics and sensitive tolevofloxacin, gentamycin dan ceflazidime Keywords: infection, eye, culture, antibiotics