Global COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance: A Systematic Review of Associated Social and Behavioral Factors

COVID-19 vaccines have met varying levels of acceptance and hesitancy in different parts of the world, which has implications for eliminating the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this systematic review is to examine how and why the rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy differ across countries and continents. PubMed, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore and Science Direct were searched between 1 January 2020 and 31 July 2021 using keywords such as “COVID-19 vaccine acceptance”. 81 peer-reviewed publications were found to be eligible for review. The analysis shows that there are global variations in vaccine acceptance among different populations. The vaccine-acceptance rates were the highest amongst adults in Ecuador (97%), Malaysia (94.3%) and Indonesia (93.3%) and the lowest amongst adults in Lebanon (21.0%). The general healthcare workers (HCWs) in China (86.20%) and nurses in Italy (91.50%) had the highest acceptance rates, whereas HCWs in the Democratic Republic of Congo had the lowest acceptance (27.70%). A nonparametric one-way ANOVA showed that the differences in vaccine-acceptance rates were statistically significant (H (49) = 75.302, p = 0.009*) between the analyzed countries. However, the reasons behind vaccine hesitancy and acceptance were similar across the board. Low vaccine acceptance was associated with low levels of education and awareness, and inefficient government efforts and initiatives. Furthermore, poor influenza-vaccination history, as well as conspiracy theories relating to infertility and misinformation about the COVID-19 vaccine on social media also resulted in vaccine hesitancy. Strategies to address these concerns may increase global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and accelerate our efforts to eliminate this pandemic.

Serotonin Syndrome due to Concomitant use of Linezolid and Methadone

We present a case of serotonin syndrome due to administration of linezolid in a patient with Methadone addiction. This challenging entity is potentially life threatening but proper education and awareness about serotonin syndrome will improve the accuracy of diagnosis and prevent significant morbidity and mortality.

Serotonin syndrome due to concomitant use of linezolid and methadone

We present a case of serotonin syndrome due to administration of linezolid in a patient with methadone addiction. This challenging entity is potentially life threatening but proper education and awareness about serotonin syndrome will improve the accuracy of diagnosis and prevent significant morbidity and mortality.

Philosophy of Existentialism: Individual Awareness in Indonesian Education

The philosophy of existentialism emerged driven by the uncertain world conditions due to world wars. So existentialism is present as a thought movement that emphasizes human subjectivity and freedom. This study has a purpose for reflection. Reflection means the process of understanding events in the mind or experience that is owned. This study uses descriptive qualitative research. This study utilizes a literature search. The literature search process begins with key phrases such as “existentialism”, “education” and “awareness”. Man must exist, which means realizing that he exists to control himself and act on his behalf. The philosophy of existentialism talks about human existence, while talking about humans means questioning educational issues. Each person is unique, which is different from one another. Realizing this is important for students, parents, teachers, principals, board members, and all those involved in education. Education is expected to realize the "intensity of awareness" of students. So that they are aware of their responsibility to determine the life they will live themselves.

The Role of Education and Awareness in Tackling Insider Threats

Insider threats present a major concern for organizations worldwide. As organizations need to provide employees with authority to access data to enable them to complete their daily tasks, they leave themselves open to insider attacks. This chapter looks at those who fall into the category which can be referred to as insiders and highlights the activity of outsourcing which is employed by many organizations and defines the term insider threat while pointing out what differentiates an accidental threat from a malicious threat. The discussion also considers various methods of dealing with insider threats before highlighting the role education and awareness plays in the process, the importance of tailoring awareness programs, and what the future holds for insider threats within organizations.

Impact of Social Media Network Data on Conservation of Bioresources

The effectiveness of the transmission and sharing of data and information among people has been revolutionized by the internet and digital technology. Social networks have shortened the communication space among the technology users. Their relatively easy access through computers, cell phones, and many other devices has made them easy to use, so they are probably the most widely used today. Social network and internet media (SIM) has revolutionized providing useful resources for scientific research, especially in engaging citizen scientists in research. There are also various possible drawbacks in spite of the benefits of the SIM. With the increasing use of social media worldwide, sites with rich species diversity face potentially the greatest anthropogenic threats (resulting from high numbers of visitors), which results in the extinction of valuable species from the native area. Despite shortcomings, SIM can provide conservation education and awareness and also reconnect to the natural world.

Sustainable Development Practices in Developing Countries: Major Drivers and Future Discourse

The objective of this article is to discuss the practices of sustainable development and its challenges in Nepal. Secondary data has been used such as library and documentation materials, and secondary information available. For the proper implementation of sustainable development corruption, free society is essential and the monitoring from people’s side in the development programmesis warranted. Publications of articles related to local governments and Journals published from different research institutes were used. The paper concludes that lack of proper human resources and utilization of natural resources in Nepal is not getting progress in for sustainable development. Nepal government should give emphasis on environment education and awareness programs should be organized in order to preserve natural resources. People’s participation, equity and utilization of indigenous knowledge is vital for the development. At last civil society should have crucial roleto control corruption.Active participation of local bodies and nongovernmental organization also can play vital role for its development with a coordination of ministry of environment and some international organizations.

Pelvic Binders in Trauma Patients - Are We Doing it Right?

Introduction: Pelvic fractures from high-energy trauma require immediate stabilisation to avoid significant morbidity and mortality. When applied correctly over the level of the greater trochanters (GT) pelvic binders provide adequate stabilisation of unstable pelvic fractures. The aim of this study was to identify the accuracy of placement of pelvic binders in patients presenting to the local Major Trauma Centre (MTC). Methods: A retrospective study was carried out to assess the level of the pelvic binders in relation to the greater trochanters of the patient-classified as optimal or sub-optimal. Results: An initial review of the computed tomography (CT) trauma series in 28 consecutive patients with pelvic binders revealed that more than 50% of the pelvic binders were placed above the level of the GT, reducing the efficacy of the pelvic binders. A regional educational and training day was held with a focus on pelvic fracture management. Following this, a review was conducted on the placement of the pelvic binder in 100 consecutive patients. This confirmed a significant improvement in the position of the pelvic binder by over 70%. Conclusion: Inaccurately positioned pelvic binders provided suboptimal stabilisation of pelvic fractures. With education and awareness, there has been an improvement in the accuracy of pelvic binder placement in trauma patients. This study has highlighted the need for regular audit of current practice, in combination with regular education and training.

Knowledge and Awareness on Tonsillitis among Dental Students - A Survey

Introduction: Palatine Tonsils are paired lymph node organs located on each side of the back of your throat. They function as a defense mechanism and help prevent body from getting an infection. When tonsils become infected, the condition is called tonsillitis. Aim: This article aims to know the knowledge and awareness of dental students on Tonsillitis diseases. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire of 16 questions was created and entered in the online survey creator ‘Google Forms’ and shared among each student of about 100 individually and privately and data were collected subject to statistical analysis using SPSS software. Statistical tests used were descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. A P-value less than 0.05 will be considered statistically significant. Results and Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that Third-year students more aware of symptoms of tonsillitis 20%, complications of tonsillitis 20% and symptoms associated with strep throat 18% than students of other year and they need an effective education and awareness campaign to increase their knowledge and awareness on Tonsillitis.

Understanding the sociodemographic factors associated with intention to receive SMS messages for health information in a rural area of Bangladesh

Background The use of digital interventions for managing chronic diseases is significantly increasing. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of ownership of a mobile phone, and factors associated with the ability to read and access SMS delivered health information, and willingness to pay for it among people with hypertension in a rural area in Bangladesh. Methods Data were collected from 307 participants aged 30 to 75 years with hypertension from a rural area in Bangladesh from December 2020 to January 2021. Outcome measures included ownership of a mobile phone, ability to read SMS, willingness to receive and pay for health information by SMS. Associated factors included age, gender, level of education, occupation, and socioeconomic status. We used regression analysis to identify variables associated with the outcome variables. Results Overall, 189 (61.6%) people owned a mobile phone which was higher in men (73.3% vs. 50%, p < 0.001), younger people (82.6% aged 30–39 years vs. 53.5% aged 60–75 years, p < 0.001). Of the total participants, 207 (67.4%) were willing to receive SMS, and 155 (50.5%) were willing to pay for receiving SMS for health information. The prevalence was significantly higher among professionals (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.58, 1.73–12.1) and businesspersons (OR 3.68, 95% CI 1.49–9.10) compared to farmers, respectively. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of willingness to pay for health information SMS was 10 (28) Bangladesh Taka (BDT) (1 BDT ~ 0.013 US$), and there were no specific factors that were associated with the willingness of any higher amounts of payment. In terms of reading SMS of people who own a mobile, less than half could read SMS. The proportion of people who could read SMS was significantly higher among men, younger people, educated people, middle class or rich people, professionals or businesspersons. Of people who could read SMS, the majority read SMS occasionally. Conclusion A significant proportion of people are unable to read SMS. However, people are willing to receive and pay to receive SMS for health information. Education and awareness programs should be conducted among targeted groups, including people with low education and women.