Investments in the Sustainable Development of the Potato Sector in Ukraine Based on the Optimal Balance of Production and Consumption

Growing role of potato farming in food security system of the country needs attracting the new investment in preserving and process restructuring of the sector, at scientifically proven approach to defining the optimal scope of potato production, processing, and storage – to avoid the extra stocks, unnecessary losses, and inefficient investment resources at any stage of agri-food chain. Purpose of the study is to justify the conceptual model of investing in development of Ukrainian potato sector, based on calculated optimal structure of balance between potato production and consumption, as well as the effective combination of fresh and processed products, to ensure competitive parameters of potato market in actual market environment. Object of the study is forming and increasing the added value in agri-food chain, due to optimal parameters of balance between potato production and consumption. The study methodology is based on system analysis laws, which allow justifying the competitive parameters of Ukrainian potato sector in varying economic space, thus reducing the unnecessary loss in “producing-processing-transporting-sale-consumption” chain. Use of developed optimization model for potato production/consumption balance, by minimizing the potato residues at the end of year, revealed the extra stock (2.4 million tons) in early 2020, which was unbalanced with consumer demand. Due to inefficient distribution of gross potato yield in Ukraine, conclusion was made on need to reduce investment in overproduction (17.5%) and direct the major investment flows in potato processing industry, increase the export potential, and expand the foreign market boundaries for Ukrainian potato products, semi-finished and fresh products, at ensuring the relevant quality. In this view, authors proposed a conceptual investment model for potato sector of Ukraine, based on optimal balance of potato production and consumption till 2027, which ensures achieving the strategic result in terms of global competition.

Branding Through Online Social Networks

The hurdles to entering a foreign market have been dismantled by greater internet connectivity. As a result, there is virtually endless potential to expand a company abroad. In growing abroad, it's crucial to keep the brand at the forefront of the approach. When enterprises enter foreign markets, they confront several problems such as a lack of market intelligence, buyer expectations, severe rivalry from global brands, and a lack of trending awareness. Most exporters focus on the short product-focused and sales-driven methods, such as producing that which is simple to create, finding a contract, fulfilling the request, and closing sales. This method just forces an exporter into a pricing competition in a globalized world, leaving the limited possibility to continuous production, product innovation, and credibility. Every company that wishes to export should aim towards market-driven, long-term, and sustainable exporting.

Analysis of Russian Segment of the Web Development Market Operating Online on Upwork

The Russian segment of the web services market in the online environment, on the platform of the Upwork freelance exchange, is considered, its key characteristics, the composition of participants, development trends are highlighted, and the market structure is identified. It is found that despite the low barriers to entry, the web development market is very stable, since the composition of entrenched firms that have been operating for more than six years remains. The pricing policy of most Russian companies indicates that they work in the middle price segment and have low budgets, which is due to the specifics of the foreign market and high competition.

Collaboration among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises as Part of Internationalization: A Systematic Review

This article performs a systematic review of the research literature on the forms of collaboration among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) so that they reach the foreign market, since there is a lack of research focusing on the collaborative relationship between national companies as a strategic option for accessing the foreign market. In addition, we analyzed the articles to conceptually synthesized the elements that make up the business models of these collaborative forms of operating in the foreign market. Likewise, we analyzed real cases of collaborative processes among SMEs for the foreign market and highlight the contributions of governments in promoting actions to support these collaborations. We also show some directions for future research that were pointed out by the articles.

GLOBALIZATION AS A FACTOR OF IMPROVING KAZAKHSTAN'S FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

Currently, the importance of foreign economic activity for the enterprise cannot be underestimated. Kazakhstani enterprises cannot consider the foreign market only as another sales market, because there are qualitative differences in the development and condition of domestic and foreign markets, characteristic of all developing countries. When the domestic market lags behind in its development (including the level of products) and infrastructure from foreign markets, foreign economic activity can have the greatest impact on the growth and development of the enterprise. For effective foreign economic activity, an enterprise must have high levels of management, knowledge and competencies of personnel, the quality of resources used, etc. Moreover, it becomes possible and necessary to manage the level of these characteristics, and, consequently, the efficiency of foreign economic activity and the efficiency of the enterprise's development through the choice of the host country. Thus, foreign economic activity occupies a special place in the production and economic activity of any enterprise.

The agribusiness industry and the Brazilian soybean producers’ internationalization patterns

The Brazilian soybean producers, seeking competitive advantage and success in their business, understand that the foreign market becomes an alternative to diversify their activities, to seek new sources of income and to reduce dependence on their domestic market. However, the Brazilian context of international trade includes tariff and non-tariff barriers, which may jeopardize any deal, just because a simple price of goods increases or the withdrawal of a closing deal. This study analyzes three soybean exporting companies in the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul, through a multiple case study, more specifically about the barriers encountered in their internationalization process. All three cases demonstrated a development path toward internationalization, in view of gaining more competitiveness. However, there is still a large intervention by intermediaries, such as trading companies and brokers, in the export of soybean from Rio Grande do Sul. Even though exports are predominant among the soybean producers, the results show elements of hurdling about technical, logistics, sanitary and phytosanitary matters and subsidies.

Formation of the generalized technology for the enterprise adaptive competitive strategy development in conditions of entering new foreign markets

Introduction. The issues of industrial enterprises management systems adaptation are quite sharply expressed in the aspect of European integration processes since external factors have always influenced the activities of any enterprise and required measures of adaptation to them. Therefore, under the influence of the external environment uncertainty, business entities are forced to periodically make changes to their own management system, respectively, the importance of adaptation processes of enterprises increases directly in the context of all its varieties. The purpose of the paper is to study the key aspects and methodological foundations of building a generalized technology for the developing of an adaptive competitive strategy of an enterprise when entering foreign markets. The methodological and theoretical basis of the research within the framework of this work is the fundamental scientific works of leading scientists. To achieve the set goals and solve certain problems, general methods of cognition (analysis, observation, comparison, etc.) were used in the formation of the main provisions of the study; methods of structural decomposition and graphic modeling in the development and display of the proposed technology for the development of an adaptive competitive strategy of an enterprise when entering new foreign markets. Results. Based on the study, the essence of adaptive management is revealed. The principles of the adaptive competitive strategy formation are systematized. The influence of factors of the internal and external environment on the adaptation system of the enterprise is characterized. A generalized technology for developing an adaptive competitive strategy of an enterprise when entering new foreign markets is recommended, which provides for the implementation of the following stages: setting goals and objectives, analyzing the internal and external environment of an enterprise, diagnosing the influence of external and internal factors; choosing methods for entering new foreign markets, assessing strategic alternatives and choosing a strategy, planning implementation adaptive competitive strategy of the enterprise, the application of the adaptive competitive strategy of the enterprise, control and regulation of the adaptive competitive strategy implementation when entering new foreign markets. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, it was found that the implementation of the proposed technology stages will allow the development and implementation of measures for the adaptive competitive strategy application in the selected foreign market, as well as contribute to the stable operation of the enterprise both in the domestic and foreign markets.

Systematization of scientific approaches to development of border cooperation and management practice of their application: innovative aspect

The most important factor in ensuring the well-being and prosperity of the region is its potential for integration into national and international production and economic systems, which are additional sources of necessary resources for development. In this sense, the border regions of the countries have a unique resource the ability to directly enter the foreign market, but they use this resource in different ways. The efficient use of the potential of the border position makes an additional contribution to the territorial capital. It is now recognized that boundaries do not so much hinder communication and the formation of relationships, but also direct them in a positive direction and predetermine. In this regard, the authors set themselves the goal of systematizing and revealing the practical application of scientifically based approaches to the development of cross-border cooperation. The authors came to the conclusion that, from a practical point of view, for the development of cross- border cooperation, it is currently advisable to use the institutional, cluster and spatial approaches, which allows a comprehensive approach to the development of triggering mechanisms for bilateral processes. The need to supplement the existing theoretical and methodological apparatus with the theory of cooperation between competitors (B. Neilbuff, A. Brandenburger) is noted, which will allow to define and systematize the "fine" criteria that govern the subjects of foreign economic activity, to better understand the balance of interests. To this end, it was proposed to monitor the currently used cooperation mechanisms based on the PVP approach of limology, to assess the relevance of existing mechanisms and identify gaps in measures to support cross-border cooperation on the basis of the methodological approaches of a randomized controlled trial.