Machine translation of English speech: Comparison of multiple algorithms

In order to improve the efficiency of the English translation, machine translation is gradually and widely used. This study briefly introduces the neural network algorithm for speech recognition. Long short-term memory (LSTM), instead of traditional recurrent neural network (RNN), was used as the encoding algorithm for the encoder, and RNN as the decoding algorithm for the decoder. Then, simulation experiments were carried out on the machine translation algorithm, and it was compared with two other machine translation algorithms. The results showed that the back-propagation (BP) neural network had a lower word error rate and spent less recognition time than artificial recognition in recognizing the speech; the LSTM–RNN algorithm had a lower word error rate than BP–RNN and RNN–RNN algorithms in recognizing the test samples. In the actual speech translation test, as the length of speech increased, the LSTM–RNN algorithm had the least changes in the translation score and word error rate, and it had the highest translation score and the lowest word error rate under the same speech length.

Language Statistical Machine Translation Muna to Indonesia Language

In this rapid technological development, there are still at least some machine translators from regional languages ​​to Indonesian. Therefore, this paper discusses to make a statistical translation machine for the Muna language into Indonesian because at least there are still at least a Muna translation machine into Indonesian. The approach used a statistically based using parallel corpus. In this study, the data taken came from a book entitled Folklore of Buton and Muna in Southeast Sulawesi and several folklore articles on the internet. The number of parallel corpus used is 1050 sentence lines and the monolingual corpus is 1351 sentence lines. The scenarios that will be carried out in this experiment are divided into two scenarios. Scenario 1 is testing on the parallel corpus (training) which is tested using the available sentence lines and these sentence lines will be added to each experiment, while the rest of the sentence lines that are owned will be used in the parallel corpus (testing). In scenario 2, the test is carried out by comparing the lines of the monolingual corpus sentences after subtracting and adding sentences. In order for scenario 2 to run, accuracy is needed in scenario 1 which is the best. The test was carried out 6 times using BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy) tools. From the results of the tests carried out, the best accuracy value is 29.83%.

Comparison of Translation Techniques by Google Translate and U-Dictionary: How Differently Does Both Machine Translation Tools Perform in Translating?

Better translation produced by computation linguistics should be evaluated through linguistics theory. This research aims to describe translation techniques between Google Translate and U-Dictionary. The study used a qualitative research method with a descriptive design. This design was used to describe the occurrences of translation techniques in both translation machine, with the researchers serving as an instrument to compare translation techniques which is produced on machine. The data are from expository text entitled “Importance of Good Manners in Every Day Life”. The total data are 122 words/phrases which are pairs of translations, English as source language and Indonesia as target language. The result shows that Google Translate apply five of Molina & Albir’s (2002) eighteen translation techniques, while U-dictionary apply seven techniques. Google Translate dominantly apply literal translation techniques (86,8%) followed by reduction translation techniques (4,9%). U-dictionary also dominantly apply literal translation techniques (75,4%), but follows with the variation translation techniques (13,1%). This study showed that both machines produced different target texts for the same source language due to different applications of techniques, with U-dictionary proven to apply more variety of translation techniques than Google Translate. The researcher hopes this study can be used as an evaluation for improving the performance of machine translations.

A Review of Machine Translation Tools: The Translation’s Ability

The objective of the research is to review the ability of online machine translator tools includes Google Translate (GT), Collin Translator (CT), Bing Translator (BT), Yandex Translator (YT), Systran Translate (ST), and IBM Translator (IT). This research applies descriptive qualitative. The documentation was used in this study. The result of the analysis shows that the translation results are different, both from the style of language and the choice of words used by each machine translation tool. Thus, directly or indirectly, whether consciously or not, each translation machine carries its characteristics. Machine translation technology cannot be separated from the active role of humans. In other words, it will always be the best choice for users to rely on expert translation rather than machine translation. But no machine translator can be as accurate as human skills in producing translation products. In particular, the field of translation is also concerned with machine translation to support the performance of translators in analyzing the diction used as an element of language. In this regard, it needs to be underlined that the existence of machine translation is an additional facility in the world of translation, not as the main means of translation because the sophistication of the machine will not be able to match the flexibility of the human brain's cognitive abilities in adjusting the translation results according to the existing context. Accurate translation is sometimes subjective, relatively often temporal. Therefore, it is permissible for translating by more than one machine translator

Phrase Based Statistical Machine Translation Javanese-Indonesian

This research aims to produce a statistical machine translation that can be implemented to perform Javanese-Indonesian translation and to know the influence of the main data sources of statistical machine translation namely parallel corpus and monolingual corpus on the quality of Javanese-Indonesian statistical machine translation. The testing was carried out by gradually adding the quantity of parallel corpus and monolingual corpus to seven configurations of Javanese-Indonesian statistical machine translation. All machine translation configuration experiments were tested with test data totaling 500 lines of Javanese sentences. Results from machine translation are evaluated automatically using Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU). Test results in seven configurations showed an increase in the evaluation value of the translation machine after the quantity of parallel corpus and monolingual corpus was added. The quantity of parallel corpus in configurations 1 and 2 increased by 3,6%, configurations 2 and 3 increased by 8,23%, configurations 3 and 7 increased by 14,92%. Additional monolingual corpus quantity in configurations 4 and 5 increased BLEU score by 0,18%, configurations 5 and 6 increased by 0,06%, configurations 6 and 7 increased by 0,24%. The test results showed that the quantity of parallel corpus and monolingual corpus could increase the evaluation value of statistical machine translation Javanese-Indonesian, but the quantity of parallel corpus had a greater influence than the quantity of monolingual corpus

THE TRANSLATION RESULTS OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE FROM INDONESIAN TO ENGLISH

Google Translate is a free multilingual translation machine developed by Google that can assist translators to make their translation functions easier and faster. The aim of the research is to analyze whether it can be relied on as a substitute for translators. This research used a literature analysis method by analyzing the results of the translated book and machine translation. The result found that it cannot replace translators. It has its limitations, including understanding the context and cultural situation of a nation. Therefore, this machine is useful only in assisting the translation process.

Blended learning to enhance English writing assignments without using online tools

From face-to-face to online teaching an English for Reading and Writing course is challenging to provide learning strategies and assessments that fit the pedagogical style of the online environment since there are many online tools (e.g. translation machine, grammar check software, and websites) for assistance in English writing. This study aims to investigate students’ learning strategies in taking an online writing assignment, with an emphasis on using authentic assessments to encourage students to avoid using online tools and plagiarism in their writing. The findings show that during online learning, students made use of online tools, and they searched for the information on the internet as an assistance in writing an assignment. However, using Blended Learning and four different types of writing tasks significantly reduces the use of online tools, and it enhances students’ active participation in the assessment process. The guided instructions of each task also help students to improve their writing skills, and most of the students preferred to work in small groups to complete the activities online which enhanced interaction and the sense of an online learning community.Keywords: blended learning; writing assignment; online tools

Aplikasi Stemming Kata Bahasa Lampung Dialek Api Menggunakan Pendekatan Brute-Force dan Pemograman C#

Lampung is one of the areas on the island of Sumatra that has the regional language and script of Lampung. In this province there are two main regional dialects, namely the dialect of fapi and the dialect of nyo. Research efforts for the preservation of the Lampung language digitally have been conducted by researchers from various Universities. The research stemming from Lampung dialects of api is based on the findings of the fact that the dictionary-based Lampung dialects of the Lampung language dialect cannot translate the affix words. Stemming of Lampung language dialects of api is worked with a Brute-force approach. In the Lampung language there are inflexional verbs and derivational verbs. Inflexional verbs are verbs formed from bases that are also categorized verbs while derivational verbs are verbs formed from bases that are categorized in addition to verbs such as nouns, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns and numerals. The purpose of this research is to (1) conduct word stemming with a Brute-force approach, (2) produce an application as a Lampung language word Stemmer dialect of api using C # programming language and online database using Firebase. The methods used in this study consisted of (1) Researchers are looking for, identifying, recording, manually typing 2000 words following the basic words of the Lampung dialect of api, (2) creating a stemming algorithm with a Brute-force approach (3) testing applications that have made. As for the result obtained is the application is able to do word stemming for words that have been identified in 2000 words and if stemming can not be done then the facility is provided to update the database used in the application to be used for stemming because the stemming application is very supportive of the application dictionary-based translation engine. The urgency of Stemming application research is to address the affix word in the Lampung language machine translation machine translation application for further research

Discussion on Data Features and Construction Models of Translation Corpus in the Era of Big Data

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence in the current era of big data, the construction of translation corpus has become a key factor in effectively achieving a highly intelligent translation. In the era of big data, the data sources and data types of translation corpus are becoming more and more diversified, which will inevitably bring about a new revolution in the construction of translation corpus. The construction of the translation corpus in the era of big data can fully rely on third-party open source data, crowd-sourcing translation, machine closed-loop, human-machine collaboration and other multiple modes to comprehensively improve the quality of translation corpus construction to better serve translation practice.

Translator training outdoors

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no real need to integrate outdoor education into translation studies, as it was easy to balance indoor and outdoor time before and after translation classes. However, the lockdown has deeply affected not only learning but also the mental and physical health of teachers and students, and outdoor education may contribute to recovery afterwards. The proposals in this paper focus on the benefits that being outdoors has for physical health, knowledge, social relations, mental health and attitude to learning. Moreover, being outdoors allows for social distancing. The activities presented in this paper are related to specialized translation, sight translation, simultaneous interpreting, consecutive interpreting, role-play interpreting, translation theory, song translation, theatre translation, machine translation post-editing, translators’ employability, translation project management and, last but not least, intermodal transcreation.