Kapasitas Vital Paru Pekerja Pemecah Batu dan Faktor yang Berpengaruh

Kapasitas Vital Paru Pekerja Pemecah Batu dan Faktor yang BerpengaruhAlmira Dewi Ayubsari[1]. Hema Dewi Anggraheny[2]. Arum Kartika Dewi[3]. ABSTRAK ABSTRAK Latar belakang : Pemecah batu, merupakan profesi yang rentan terhadap penurunan Kapasitas Vital Paru (KVP).Usia, jenis kelamin, masa kerja, penggunaan masker, status gizi, dan merokok diketahui berhubungan dengan KVP. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh factor diatas dengan KVP.Metode: Penelitian deskribtif analitik ini menggunakan pendekatan cross setional. Consecutive sampling dilakukan pada pekerja pemecah batu di Kecamatan Gajahmungkur, Kota Semarang. Pengukuran KVP menggunakan metode spirometri. Hubungan usia, masa kerja, jenis kelamin, penggunaan masker, dengan KVP dianalisisvdengan , uji Fisher’s Exact Test dan Pearson chi-square.Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan dari 35 pekerja , mempunyai KVP normal sebanyak 57,1%, responden berusia ≥ 30 tahun sebanyak 60%, jenis kelamin mayoritas laki-laki (85,7%), masa kerja ≥5 tahun 62,9%, tidak menggunakan masker 91,4%, status gizi normal 74,3%, merokok 74,3%. Usia berhubungan dengan KVP (p value = 0,001), masa kerja berhubungan dengan KVP (p value = 0,002), jenis kelamin tidak brhubungan dengan KVP (p value = 0,365), status gizi tidak berhubungan dengan KVP (p value = 1,000), merokok tidak berhubungan dengan KVP (p value = 1,000), dan penggunaan masker tidak berhubungan dengan KVP (p value = 0,175).Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan antara usia dan masa kerja dengan kapasitas vital paru pada pekerja pemecah batu di Kecamatan Gajahmungkur, Kota Semarang. Kata kunci: Kapasitas vital paru, pekerja pemecah batu, spirometri ABSTRACT Background: Stone-breaking workers are vulnerable to the decrease of lung vital capacity (LVC). The age, gender, working period, the use of masks, nutritional status, and smoking are known to be related with LVC. The aim of this study was to prove the correlation between age, sex, working period and the use of mask with LVC.Methods: This describtive analytic research was based on cross-sectional approach. The consecutive sampling was done to stone-breaking workers in Gajahmungkur district, Semarang. LCV was measured using spirometer. The correlation between age, gender, working period, the used of masks and LVC was analyzed by using Fisher’s Exact Test and Pearson chi-square test.Results: The workers with normal LVC were about 57,1 %. About 60% of the respondents were ≥ 30 while 85,7% of them are male. 62,9% of the respondents have worked for ≥ 5 years. The percentage of workers who neglected the use of mask is as high as 91,4%. Meanwhile, 74,3% of the respondents have a normal nutritional status and smoking. The age was related to LVC (p value = 0,001), working period was related to LVC (p value = 0,002), gender was not related to LVC (p value = 0,365), nutritional status was not related to LVC (p value = 1,000), smoking was not related to LVC (p value = 1,000), and the use of masks was not related to LVC (p value = 0,175).Conclusion: There are correlation between age and length of work with lung vital capacity of the stone-breaking workers in Gajahmungkur district, Semarang. Keywords: Lung vital capacity, stone-breaking workers, spirometry [1] Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang.[2] Staf Pengajar Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang.[3] Staf Pengajar Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang.

Prevalence of Rhabdias africanus and other Endoparasites of Sclerophrys regularis (Anura: Bufonidae) From Ogoni Land, Nigeria

Sclerophrys regularis specimens from Ogoni, Nigeria, were investigated for the prevalence of the lung nematodes, Rhabdiasafricanus. Hosts were collected from two locations, Zor Sogho, Bori and Kaani 1, Khana. High prevalence of R. africanusinfection was observed, 69% in Bori and 100% in Khana. Other helminth parasites recovered from the hosts includedacanthocephalan cystacanths, pentastomids (Raillietiella sp.), trematodes (Diplodiscus fischthalicus and Mesocoeliummonodi) and nematodes (ascaridida larvae, Amplicaecum africanum, Cosmocerca ornata, Oswaldocruzia hoepplii). Coinfectionof C. ornata and R. africanus was very common in both locations, and multiple infection was more prevalent thansingle infection. This is the second report of Diplodiscus fischthalicus from a bufonid in Nigeria, with both occurring in thehumid Niger Delta region, however in low prevalence and intensity. The other parasites have been reported by previousauthors. Research into the environmental factors that enhance transmission of Rhabdias africanus should be investigated. Keywords: Lung nematode parasite, bufonids, co-infection, multiple infections, amphibians, Ogoni

ANGKA KEJADIAN MEROKOK PADA PASIEN TB PARU YANG BEROBAT DI POLIKLINIK DOTS PADA BULAN NOVEMBER 2014

Lung Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that remains as a public health problem. Several studies suggest a significant relationship between smoking and lung tuberculosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of smoking in patients of lung tuberculosis in DOTS Polyclinic Prof. Dr R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. This was a descriptive cross - sectional study conducted in October 2014. Samples included 57 people. Total of lung tuberculosis patients who smoked were 33 people; 28 were males (84.8 %). In the age group of 56-65 years there were 9 people (27.3 %). The most frequent of jobs were self-employed (8 people; 24.2 %). The results showed that the incidence of smoking in patients of lung tuberculosis approximately 57.9 %. Keywords: lung tuberculosis, smoking.Abstrak: Penyakit TB paru merupakan penyakit infeksi yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dalam masyarakat. Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara merokok dengan TB paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian merokok pada pasien TB paru di Poliklinik DOTS RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional terhadap pasien TB paru yang berobat di Poliklinik DOTS RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado pada bulan November 2014. Sampel berjumlah 57 orang. Jumlah pasien TB paru yang merokok adalah 33 orang, dimana jenis kelamin terbanyak laki-laki yaitu 28 orang (84,8%). Kelompok umur 56-65 tahun adalah yang terbanyak yaitu 9 orang (27,3%), dan pekerjaan terbanyak adalah wiraswasta 8 orang (24,2%). Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan angka kejadian merokok pada pasien TB paru sekitar 57,9% dari keseluruhan data.Kata kunci: TB paru, merokok